• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.299-305
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• 2000

To determine the effects of underlayer vegetation on soil properties, the profiles, physical, and chemical properties of soil were investigated upon Fagus multinervis -Rumohra standishii, Fagus multinervis - typical, and Fagus multinervis -Sasa kurilensis subcommunities that was growing at Songinbong area of Ullungdo. There were little differences in soil profile properties among the three subcommunities. Also, there were little differences in physical and chemical properties of soil among the three subcommunities, except exchangeable Ca concentration in 0-10 cm soil depth. However, the soils of the study area in 0-10 cm soil depth comprised high organic matter and total N concentration as in an average value of 21.6% and 0.74%, respectively. Also, the soil showed very low bulk density and pH as in an average value of 0.43 g/㎤ and 4.4 in 0-10 cm soil depth, respectively. Due to the high soil organic matter and total N concentrations and the low bulk density and pH, the soil properties of Songinbong area are different from those of other forest in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.127-129
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• 2007

A 3-month-old male Maltese dog was presented with generalized trembling, ataxia, and seizure.The patient had traumatic injury on history takings. Physical examination revealed dome shaped craniumwith open fontanelle, nasal hemorrhage, and blepharoedema with hemorhage on the left side. On serumbiochemical profiles, creatine phosphokinase was severely elevated. There was no remarkable findingon radiography. Ultrasound images of brain were obtained via a persistence bregmatic fontanelle, andbilateraly dilated lateral ventricles with a hyperechoic mass on the left temporal lobe were detected.Based on clinical signs, history, physical examination, laboratory findings, and ultrasonographic findings,we suspected this intracranial mass to intracerebral hematoma induced by head trauma. Methylprednisoloneh after initial diagnosis. We performed necropsy and confirmed intracerebral hematoma. This case reportdescribes the identification of intracerebral hematoma using ultrasonography.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.40.2-41
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• 2016

To understand the observed kinematics in the narrow-line region (NLR) of type 2 AGNs, we construct a model of 3-D biconical outflow combined with a thin dust plane. The model consists of two identical cones whose apex is located at the nucleus, and the cones are axisymmetric with respect to the bicone axis. After we define the properties of the bicone and the dust plane, we calculate a spatially integrated velocity and velocity dispersion along the line-of-sight using various physical parameters. As we test the effect of model parameters, we find three key parameters determining the integrated kinematics: intrinsic outflow velocity, bicone inclination, and the amount of dust extinction. The velocity dispersion increases as the intrinsic outflow velocity or the bicone inclination increases, while the velocity shift increases as the amount of dust extinction increases. We confirm that the integrated velocity dispersion can be a good indicator of the intrinsic outflow velocity unless dust extinction is not very strong (>~80%), while the effect of dust extinction can be alleviated by combining the integrated velocity and the velocity dispersion. Based on the simulated velocity distributions using the 3-D models, the variety of the observed [O $_{III}$] line profiles of type 2 AGNs can be well reproduced. In addition, we perform Monte Carlo simulations based on the different sets of model parameters. By comparing the model results with the observed [O $_{III}$] kinematics of ~39,000 SDSS type 2 AGNs (Woo et al. 2016), we find that the observed [O $_{III}$] velocity-velocity dispersion distribution is well reproduced by the biconical outflow model, enabling us to constrain the intrinsic physical parameters of outflows.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 2015

This study performed the systematic classification of the various types of riffles and analyzed their physical and hydraulic characteristics at the Hongcheon River and Seomjin River. The riffles are classified into the long type and the wide type by their ratio of length and width, and also classified into the convergent type and the divergent type by their width change along flow direction. They are also classified into the falling type, the running type, the undular wave and the undular jump by their surface profiles. The falling type and the running type usually occur near the cobbles with multiple diameters, whereas the undular wave and the undular jump occur near the small pebbles. They showed the upward convex type at the middle part, and the slope gets bigger at the downstream part.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 2011

An abnormal mono-specific bloom of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa had developed at a specific location (transitional zone, monitoring station of Hoenam) in Daecheong Reservoir from middle of July to early August, 2001. The maximum cell counts during the peak bloom reached 1,477,500 cells/mL, which was more than 6~10 times greater than those at other monitoring sites. The hypothesis of this study is that the timing and location of the algal bloom was highly correlated with the local environmental niche that was controled by physical processes such as hydrodynamic mixing and pollutant transport in the reservoir. A three-dimensional, coupled hydrodynamic and ecological model, ELCOM-CAEDYM, was applied to the period of development and subsequent decline of the bloom. The model was calibrated against observed water temperature profiles and water quality variables for different locations, and applied to reproduce the algal bloom event and justify the limiting factor that controled the Microcystis bloom at R3. The simulation results supported the hypothesis that the phosphorus loading induced from a contaminated tributary during several runoff events are closely related to the rapid growth of Microcystis during the period of bloom. Also the physical environments of the reservoir such as a strong thermal stratification and weak wind velocity conditions provided competitive advantage to Microcystis given its light adaptation capability. The results show how the ELCOM-CAEDYM captures the complex interactions between the hydrodynamic and biogeochemical processes, and the local environmental niche that is preferable for cyanobacterial species growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.1437-1447
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• 2023

A recently bioinformatic analysis of genomic sequences of fungi indicated that fungi are able to produce more secondary metabolites than expected. Despite their potency, many biosynthetic pathways are silent in the absence of specific culture conditions or chemical cues. To access cryptic metabolism, 108 fungal strains isolated from various sites were cultured with or without Streptomyces sp. 13F051 which mainly produces trichostatin analogues, followed by comparison of metabolic profiles using LC-MS. Among the 108 fungal strains, 14 produced secondary metabolites that were not recognized or were scarcely produced in mono-cultivation. Of these two fungal strains, Myrmecridium schulzeri 15F098 and Scleroconidioma sphagnicola 15S058 produced four new compounds (1-4) along with a known compound (5), demonstrating that all four compounds were produced by physical interaction with Streptomyces sp. 13F051. Bioactivity evaluation indicated that compounds 3-5 impede migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.500-511
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of the physical functions (ADL, IADL), mental functions (CES-D, MMSE-K) and oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) on the quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) of the elderly in long-term care facilities. The study subjects were 602 elderly people, who were surveyed at the entrance to the long-term care facilities. The interviews were conducted using a questionnaire during the period from May 1, to June 30, 2014. As a result, the quality of life was affected more by the CES-D and MMSE-K than by the ADL and IADL or by OHIP-14; the quality of life improved with a higher ADL, IADL, and OHIP-14 and a higher CES-D and MMSE-K. A higher OHIP-14, ADL and IADL resulted in a higher CES-D and MMSE-K. These results suggested that the quality of life is correlated significantly with the physical functions (ADL, IADL), mental functions (CES-D, MMSE-K), and the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14).

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.65.2-65.2
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• 2015

We developed a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code to reproduce the structure of a solar wind, the properties of a coronal mass ejection (CME) and the interaction between them. This MHD code is based on the finite volume method incorporating total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme with an unstructured grid system. In particular, this grid system can avoid the singularity at the north and south poles and relax tight CFL conditions around the poles, both of which would arise in a spherical coordinate system (Tanaka 1994). In this model, we first apply an MHD tomographic method (Hayashi et al. 2003) to interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observational data and derive a solar wind from the physical values obtained at 50 solar radii away from the Sun. By comparing the properties of this solar wind to observational data obtained near the Earth orbit, we confirmed that our model captures the velocity, temperature and density profiles of a solar wind near the Earth orbit. We then insert a spheromak-type CME (Kataoka et al. 2009) into the solar wind to reproduce an actual CME event. This has been done by introducing a time-dependent boundary condition to the inner boundary of our simulation domain. On the basis of a comparison between a simulated CME and observations near the Earth, we discuss the physics involved in an ICME interacting with a solar wind.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1500-1507
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• 2005

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups of the physical and behavioral risk profiles for cardiovascular disease among industrial workers, and to examine predicting factors for the subgroups. Sample and Method. Health records of 2,616 male and female workers aged 19-56 years who were employed in an airplane manufacturing industry were analyzed. Data were analyzed using the Latent class cluster analysis. Results. Four different clusters (two high-risk groups, one low-risk group, and one normal group) were found and these clusters were significantly different by age, gender, and work type (p < .05 ). The two high-risk groups had higher chances of drinking alcohol, elevated BMI, FBS, total cholesterol, having hypertension, and were significantly older, and had relatively high chances of being day workers rather than other groups. The low-risk group had higher chances of drinking alcohol, higher BMI and total cholesterols compared to normal group, and highest portions of current smokers and shift workers in the four clusters and their mean BP was within prehypertension criteria. Conclusion. Industrial nurses should guide the lifestyle behaviors and risk factors of the high risk groups for CVD and need to intervene early for behavioral change for the low-risk group who are young and shift workers. Age, and work environment should be considered in planning for targeted preventive interventions for industrial workers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.203-224
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• 2016

The heat and mass transfer characteristics of the unsteady hydromagnetic natural convection flow with Hall current and Soret effect of an incompressible, viscous, electrically conducting, heat absorbing and optically thin radiating fluid flow past a suddenly started vertical infinite plate through fluid saturated porous medium in a rotating environment are taken into account in this paper. Derivations of exact analytical solutions are aimed under different physical properties. The velocity, concentration and temperature profiles, Sherwood number and Nusselt number are easily examined and discussed via the closed forms obtained. Soret effect and permeability parameter tends to accelerate primary and secondary fluid velocities whereas hall current, radiation and heat absorption have reverse effect on it. Radiation and heat absorption have tendency to enhance rate of heat transfer at the plate. The results obtained here may be further used to verify the validity of obtained numerical solutions for more complicated transient free convection fluid flow problems.