• Title/Summary/Keyword: phospholipid level

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Studies on the Lipid of Aquatic Products(Part 5) -Comparison of flesh Lipid Composition of Some Fresh Water Fishes Mandarin Fish Korean Perch Cornet Fist and Cat Fish- (수산물의 지질에 관한 연구(제5보) -쏘가리, 꺽지, 누치 및 메기의 근육지질 조성의 비교-)

  • 하봉석;강동수
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.291-300
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    • 1990
  • The lipid compositions including fatty acid sterol lipid class and the lipid component of the total lipid extracted from the flesh of some fresh water fishes I. e. mandarin cornet cat fish and Korean perch were compared. The levels of total lipid of flesh tissues from the fresh water fishes were high(7.4%) in cat fish but low(1.4-2.2%) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. On the contrary the content of unsaponifiable matters found in total lipid was low(2.6%) in cat fish but high(6.0%-6.5%) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. Total lipids were mainly composed of triglyceride(74.6-86.5%) as major component in each sample and the other lipid components of total lipid e. g. polar lipid free fatty acids and free sterol were the minor components, The major fatty acids in total lipid of each sample were{{{{ {C }_{16 { }:_{ }0 } }}}}(19.6-29.2%) {{{{ {C }_{16 { }:_{ }1 } }}}}(17.3-30.7%) and {{{{ {C }_{18 { }:_{ }1 } }}}}(16.8-29.2%) and additionally it chiefly consisted of {{{{ {C }_{14 { }:_{ }0 } }}}} and {{{{ {C }_{18 { }:_{ }2 } }}}} Particularly the contents of polyenoic acids in total lipid of cat fish were higher than those of the other fish samples. The level of cholesterol in total lipid was low (8.3mg/g) in cat fish but were high(36.9-59.9mg/g) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. The contents of fractionated neutral lipid(NL) were higher than those of polar lipid(PL) in each sample. Particularly phospholipid content in PL was low(6.0%) in cat fish but were high(23.1-36.3%) in mandarin fish Korean perch and cornet fish. Neutral lipids were mainly consisted of triglyceride(84.5-93.4%) as amjor component in each sample and the other lipid components of neutral lipid e, g, free fatty acids and free wterol were exhibited as a minor components, The fatty acid compositon of neutral lipids was very resembled to total lipids. The phospholipid in mandarin cornet and cat-fish were mainly composed of phosphatidyl serine(23.1-49.8%) and phosphatidyl choline(20.8-45.3%) The relatively higher amounts of phosphatidyl serine were observed in mandarine cornet and cat-fist than in Korean perch, But phosphatidyl ethanolamine(42.3%) and phosphatidyl choline (49.9%) were the main phospholipid in Korean perch. The extraordinary high content of phos-phatidyl ethanolamine compared to other fishes was characteristics in phospholipid composition of Korean perch. The major fatty acids in phospholipid of each sample were {{{{ {C }_{16 { }:_{ }0 } }}}} (38.3-46.5%) {{{{ {C}_{18 { }:_{ }0 } }}}}(14.2-21.7) and C16:1(11.6-13.8%) and additionally it chiefly consisted of C18:2, C18:0 and C17:0 The major fatty acids in glycolipid of each sample were C16:0(28.8-40.1%) C18:1(5.4-29.9%) C18:0(5.1-28.9%) and C16:1(8.2-20.1%) and additio-nally it chiefly consisted of C14:0 and C20:1.

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Long-Term Feeding of Dietary Fat and Butylated Hydroxytoluene on The Hepatic Microsomal Mixed-Function Oxidase System in 2-Acetylaminofiuorene Treated Rats

  • Kim, Kyung-Min;Yim, Kyeong-Sook;Choi, Hay-Mie
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.215-221
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    • 1995
  • This paper examines the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (p/s) ratios and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the hepatic microsomaI mixed-function oxidase sy. stem in 2~acetylaminofiuorene (2-AAF) treated rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed the diet of beef tallow (p/s 0.08), beef tallow plus soybean oil (p/s 1.0), and soybean oil (p/s 4.0) at the level of 15%fat and with or without 0.3% BHT. After 2-AAF was injected twice at the ages of 23 and 27 weeks, cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, cytochrome P450, cytochrome $b_5$, NADPH-cytochrome $b_5$, and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity were measured from isolated hepatic microsomal fractions. In the beef tallow (p/s 0.08) and beef tallow plus soybean oil (p/s 1.0) groups, cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio showed decreasing tendency by 2-AAF and BHT. Cytochrome P-450 content was decreased in the group of soybean oil (p/s 4.0) and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity was increased by 2-AAF and BHT in all the dietary groups. While TBARS levels were increased by 2-AAF in all the dietary groups, they were reduced by BHT in the soybean oil (p/s 4.0) group. These results suggest that long term intake of soybean oil (p/s 4.0) diet induced changes in the nature of microsomal membrane and induced less cytochrome P-450, low level feeding of BHT increased cytochrome c reductase activity and lowered microsomal lipid peroxidation levels, which were increased by 2-AAF treatment.

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The Effects of Perilla and Pine Nut Diets on Serum Lipids in Rats. (들깨와 잣 첨가식이(添加食餌)가 흰쥐의 혈청(血淸) 지질(脂質)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Yong-Ock;Cho, Hu-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.57-64
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    • 1984
  • The study was performed to understand the effects of perilla and pine nut oils on hypercholesterolemia in cholesterol-fed male rats. All rats fed with the experimental diets for 3 weeks were decapitated to take serum. From the serum, the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, phospholipid, lipoprotein and glucose were measured, and the results were summarized as follows. 1. The experimental diets supplemented with perilla and pine nut did not influence on the body weight and on amount of food intake, but decreased significantly total cholesterol level by the rate of 22-30% 2. The perilla diets decreased the ${\beta}-/{\alpha}-lipoprotein$ value from 0.99 to 0.50-0.51, but the pine nut diets decreased to 0.68-0.69. 3. The 10% diets of perilla and pine nut decreased the triglyceride concentration by the rate of 11-14%, but it was not significant difference. 4. The perilla diets increased the HDL-cholesterol level by the rate of 53-72%, and the pine nut diets 72-92%, but both of these diets did not influence on the free cholesterol concentration. 5. The perilla diets decreased phospholipid concentration by the rate of 20-23%, but it was not significant difference. 6. The diets of 10% perilla and 5% pine nut decreased significantly the free fatty acid concentration by the rate of 48% and 34% respectively. 7. The diets of 10% perilla and pine nut decreased a little the glucose level, but it was not significant difference.

Effects of Onion Extract and Onion-Acanthopanax Senticosus Mixture Extracts on Obese Rats (양파와 가시오가피 혼합 추출액이 비만 흰쥐에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Chan-Hun;Kim, Kyung-Yoon;Jung, Jong-Gil;Jung, Jae-Gon;Jung, Hyun-Woo
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.596-602
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    • 2011
  • The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of onion and acanthopanax senticosus on body weight change, serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total lipid, phospholipid level, renal and liver function test, and CBC in obese rats and mice. Obese rats induced by high-fat fed are medicated for 7 weeks. Rats are divided into four groups depending on the medication; normal group (general-fat fed and no-medication), control group (high-fat fed and no medication), sample A group (high-fat fed and onion 100% extracted medication), sample B group (high-fat fed and onion 50% & acanthopanax senticosus 50% extracted medication), sample C group (high-fat fed and red onion 50% & acanthopanax senticosus 50% extracted medication). After medication, obesity related index, renal and liver function test, and CBC are analysed. There are significant statistical differences among control group and all experimental groups for the body weight change. There are significant statistical differences among control groups and all experimental groups for the total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride level, free fatty acid, and phospholipid level. These results suggest that medications of onion and acanthopanax senticosus extracted products are effective for the treatment of obesity. Especially, onion 100% extracted product is more effective than the others.

Effects of Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura Ethanol Extract on Lowering Serum and Liver Lipids in Rats (흰쥐의 혈청 및 간지질 저하에 미치는 쑥 에탄올 추출물의 영향)

  • 정차권;남상명;함승시;오덕환;강일준;이상영
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.338-343
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    • 1998
  • Artemisia iwayomogi(A. iwayomogi) is a major edible vegetable in Korea. A iwayomogi containing a strong bitter taste, particularly, is known to manifest an effect on cough, abdominal pain, indigestion and bleeding. In this experiment, ethanol extract of A. iwayomogi(50mg/kg body weight) was fed to growing male Sprague-Dawley rats for four weeks in order to examine the lipid lowering effect of A. iwayomogi in the live and serum. High fat diet included 10% lard, 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate. The administration of A. iwayomogi extract decreased serum cholesterol compared with the control. At the same time, serum triglyceride(TG) was decreased to 25%. Although atherogenic index and HTR tended to decrease, phospholipid level in the serum was shown to increase by A. iwayomogi administration. At the same token, total liver lipids were decreased to 40%. The group fed both high fat and ethanol extract showed 28% decrease of liver lipids compared with the group fed only high fat diet. On the other hand, HDL cholesteol level of high fat and extract fed group was increased to 30% compared with the non-extract-fed control. Liver TG also was decreased to about 21% in the extract fed groups. Liver phospholipids, particularly, exceeded more than double of the level of high fat control. The above results indicate than A. iwayomogi exert a strong hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic effect which may lead to the protection from hypertention, obesity, stroke and many other circulatory diseases.

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Physiological Activity of $\omega3$ Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Dark Fleshed Fishes I. The Effects on Protein and Phospholipid Contents, and Cholesterol Levels in Rats ($\omega3$ 고도불포화지방산의 생리활성에 관한 연구 I 단백질, 인지질 및 콜레스테롤 함량에 대한 연구)

  • CHOI Jin-Ho;Byun Dae-Seok
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.102-108
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    • 1989
  • The effects of n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) on protein and phospholipid con-tents, and cholesterol level were studied in rats fed with diets of different fat composition. Body weights of fish oil groups were decreased to $11.1\%\~14.4\%$ compared with lard group (control), and also $16.4\%\~23.3\%$ compared with corn oil group, respectively. Protein contents of $\omega3$ PUFA and sardine oil groups in liver were increased to $6.78\%\~8.51\%$ compared with control group, but were no significant difference in brain and serum. $\omega3$ PUFA and sardine oil slightly repressed the phospholipid in microsome of liver. Moreover they effectively reduced the serum cholesterol levels compared with control group.

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The Effects of Taeyeumjowee-tang and Taeyeumjoweebaemahwang-tang on Obese rats (태음조위탕(太陰調胃湯)과 태음조위배마황탕(太陰調胃培麻黃湯)이 비만 흰쥐에 미치는 영향)

  • Yang, Dong-Hyuk;Kim, Chae-Hyun;Jung, Jong-Gil;Jung, Hyun-Woo;Choi, Chan-Hun
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.103-109
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    • 2010
  • Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Taeyeumjoweetang (TJT) and Taeyeumjoweebaemahwangtang (TJBM) medication on body weight change and serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total lipid, phospholipid level, and CBC of obese rats. Methods : Obese rats induced by high-fat fed are medicated for 7 weeks. 32 rats are divided into four groups depending on the medication; normal group (general-fat fed and no-medication), control group (high-fat fed and no medication), TJT group (high-fat fed and TJT medication) and TJBM group (high-fat fed and TJBM medication). After 7 weeks, obesity related index and CBC are analysed. Results : There is a significant statistical difference between control group and TJBM group for the body weight change, the total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride level: total cholesterol values of control and TJBM are $59.25{\pm}9.56 mg/d{\ell}$ and $39.13{\pm}9.08 mg/d{\ell}$, respectively; HDL cholesterol values of control and TJBM are $22.0{\pm}1.69 mg/d{\ell}$ and $13.75{\pm}2.19 mg/d{\ell}$, respectively; triglyceride values of control and TJBM are $12.75{\pm}3.37 mg/d{\ell}$ and TJBM : $8.13{\pm}1.64 mg/d{\ell}$, respectively. There is a significant statistical difference between control group, TJT, and TJBM group for free fatty acid and phospholipid level: free fatty acid values of control, TJT, and TJBM are $936.25{\pm}89.59 {\mu}m/{\ell}$, $738.75{\pm}109.47{\mu}m/{\ell}$, and $720{pm}150.71{\mu}m/{\ell}$, respectively; phospholipid values of Control, TJT, and TJBM are $87.13{\pm}11.86mg/d{\ell}$, $70.5{\pm}12.22 mg/d{\ell}$, and $60.5{\pm}11.1 mg/d{\ell}$, respectively. Conclusion : These results suggest that medication of TJT and TJBM is effective for the treatment of obesity. Especially, TJBM is more effective than TJT.

Application of Methodology for Microbial Community Analysis to Gas-Phase Biofilters (폐가스 처리용 바이오필터에 미생물 군집 분석 기법의 적용)

  • Lee, Eun-Hee;Park, Hyunjung;Jo, Yun-Seong;Ryu, Hee Wook;Cho, Kyung-Suk
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.147-156
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    • 2010
  • There are four key factors for gas-phase biofilters; biocatalysts(microorganisms), packing materials, design/operating techniques, and diagnosis/management techniques. Biofilter performance is significantly affected by microbial community structures as well as loading conditions. The microbial studies on biofilters are mostly performed on basis of culture-dependent methods. Recently, advanced methods have been proposed to characterize the microbial community structure in environmental samples. In this study, the physiological, biochemical and molecular methods for profiling microbial communities are reviewed, and their applicability to biofilters is discussed. Community-level physiological profile is based on the utilization capability of carbon substrate by heterotrophic community in environmental samples. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis method is based on the variability of fatty acids present in cell membranes of different microorganisms. Molecular methods using DNA directly extracted from environmental samples can be divided into "partial community DNA analysis" and "whole community DNA analysis" approaches. The former approaches consist in the analysis of PCR-amplified sequence, the genes of ribosomal operon are the most commonly used sequences. These methods include PCR fragment cloning and genetic fingerprinting such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism, ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, and random amplified polymorphic DNA. The whole community DNA analysis methods are total genomic cross-DNA hybridization, thermal denaturation and reassociation of whole extracted DNA and extracted whole DNA fractionation using density gradient.

Effect of Dietary Protein and Magnesium Levels on Serum Lipid Contents and Enzyme Activities in Rats (단백질과 마그네슘 공급수준이 흰쥐의 혈청중 지질함량 및 효소활성에 미치는 영향)

  • 정복미
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.26 no.8
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    • pp.925-932
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    • 1993
  • To study the effects of dietary protein and magnesium level on serum lipid contents and enzyme activities, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups. Six groups of animals were fed six experimental diets different with protein(8% and 20%) and magnesium levels (Mg-free, 400mg/kg diet and 800mg/kg diet). The serum lipid contents and enzyme activities of rats fed different dietary protein and magnesium levels were examined. Serum triglyceride contents was significantly decreased as the dietary magnesium level was increased. Serum phospholipid contents was significantly higher in magnesium deficient group than those in the other groups. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly decreased in magnesium dificient group compared with other groups, but serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities was significantly increased in magnesium dificient group than other groups. In conclusion, serum triglyceride contents in low protein level was remarkably decreased as the dietary magnesium level was increased.

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Electrical Properties of Organic Thin Films by Stimulus Speed (자극속도에 따른 유기박막의 전기 특성)

  • 박석순;김재민;정헌상;김창석;이권현;이경섭
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 1997.04a
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    • pp.209-212
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    • 1997
  • Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) method is knowers as a unique method for preparing organic thin films, which can control thickness of the films in molecular level, and many kinds of ultra thin films of functional molecules have been prepared using this method. in this study, the electrical properties of phospholipid monolayers on a water surface was inve stigated by means of stimulus speed(40mm/min, 60mm/min).

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