• 제목/요약/키워드: philosophy of life

검색결과 427건 처리시간 0.035초

니체철학에서 책임의 문제 (Ethical Event of Responsibility in Nietzsche's Philosophy)

  • 양대종
    • 철학연구
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    • 제139권
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    • pp.105-131
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    • 2016
  • 현재에는 철학과 그 인접 학문들에서 근본 개념 중의 하나로 자리매김한 책임이라는 개념은 19세기에 와서야 절대적인 자기선택 속에서만 자신을 의식하는 윤리성에 주목한 키에르케고어와 미래의 문제를 해결하는 주권적 개인의 책임을 강조한 니체를 통해 철학적 조명을 받기 시작한다. 니체는 그가 인류 최대의 병이라고 부른 인간의 왜소화가 유럽 전역을 강타하는 것을 철학적 숙고의 기초로 삼은 철학자이다. 유럽 허무주의의 도래와 그 극복을 둘러싼 그의 철학은 유럽의 미래에 대한 염려를 동인으로 가진다. 전통 형이상학과 기독교에 기초를 둔 선과 악의 도덕이 국제화라는 현대성이 가져오는 커다란 문제의 크기와 심연을 포착하지도 못하며 따라서 해결하지도 못할 것이라는 것을 예감하고 대안을 준비한 철학자가 니체이다. 그는 이 옛 도덕의 제거에 인류의 미래가 걸려 있다는 것을 알리는 데 인생을 바친 자이다. 본고에서는 책임이라는 사태를 둘러 싼 니체의 사고를 추적하여 그의 사상에서 책임 개념이 가지는, 일반적인 규범과 가치의 저편에 놓인, 의미의 외연과 내용을 정리해 본다.

들뢰즈 회화론의 공간인식에 의한 렘 쿨하스 건축의 실내공간에 관한연구 (A Study on Interior Space in Rem Koolhaas' Architectures through Space Recognition of Deleuze's Painting Theory)

  • 홍선미;김문덕
    • 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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    • pp.115-120
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    • 2006
  • This study concentrates on a new idea that is formulated as a creative space recognition in contemporary architecture and painting. It is stimulated from Deleuze's philosophy, which is expressed with the philosophical instrument, "Non-Representation". After discussing the concept of non-representation used in Deleuze's philosophy, case example in contemporary architecture are analysed to comparatively Investigate the relationship between the architectures by Rem Koolhaas and painting by Francis Bacon. Therefore, he founds expressions of "diagram" and "movement" in painting of F. Bacon. Diagram meansit is a power that is comprised of various points of wiew with the kind experiences that one has in life. Movement that were extracted form the Instrument in space recognition of Deleuze's panting theory were of topology, insertion of geometry, reiteration of layers, transparency and translucency, reflection effect.

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Philosophical Modernity Rooted in Modern Movement with Furniture

  • Moon, Sun-Ok;Cho, Sook-Kyung
    • 한국가구학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.120-128
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    • 2007
  • This study explored the philosophical Modernity with the Enlightenment in relation to cultural and aesthetic modernism rooted in Modern furniture, which directly reflected modern culture and society with rationality, science, individualism, progressive, universal truths, etc, using qualitative analysis about the related literature as the principal methodology. A fundamental philosophy of the modern furniture influenced by Industrial Revolution is that the dictates of function and industrial technology must be decided by form. The theory and practice of the International Style in modern furniture came from the modern aesthetics in the philosophy of Modernity. As a result, as influenced through the Enlightenment project and the relationship of individual to society in relation to cultural and aesthetic modernism, and the three modern movements with furniture, which are Arts and Crafts movement, Art Nouveau, and Art Deco, represented the beginning style of modern furniture design toward functionalism or minimalism.

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동양 체질론에 근거한 감성적 기질이 반응시간에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (REACTION-TIME INFLUENCED BY SENSIBILITY BASED ON THE ORIENTAL HUMAN CONSTITUTION x)

  • 최성운;이영석
    • 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국감성과학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표논문집 논문집
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    • pp.207-211
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    • 1999
  • Nowadays human sensibility ergonomics is spotlighted as one of trends which we have pursued for improvement of humanity. Human sensibility ergonomics is a technique making human life more convenient by applying it to many kinds of products and design for environment by measuring and estimating human sensibility more qualitatively and quantitatively. The study of human sensibility can be discovered in oriental philosophy based on human being. Therefore there is an close relationship between human sensibility ergonomics and oriental philosophy. In this study, we research the sensibility factors of diagnostics by Sasang constitutional medicine, Five element properties and biorhythm by human sensibility ergonomics, and will apply the result of this study - the analyses of the difference among reaction time by using ANOVA after measuring the reaction time depending on one's individual temperament and condition- to job design.

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화이트헤드의 언어 이해와 상징적 연관 (Language and Symbolic Reference in Whitehead′s Philosophy)

  • 문창옥
    • 인문언어
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    • 제6권
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    • pp.147-166
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    • 2004
  • Whitehead's discussion of language is not to be found in any one book or article. It is interwoven with his discussion of many other questions. He was, however, greatly concerned with the problem of symbolism in general and the uses of language. He regards language, spoken or written, as an instrument devised by men to aid them in their adjustment to the environment in which they live Language is used for many specific purposes in the process of this adjustment. Words are employed not only to refer to data and to express emotions. They may be used also to record experiences, and thoughts about these experiences. Worts also function as instruments in the organization of experiences as they are considered in retrospect. Thus words free us from the bondage of the immediate. And Whitehead's theory of meaning is implicit in his discussion of the functions of language. According to him, the human mind is functioning symbolically when some components of its experience elicit consciousness, beliefs, emotions, and usages, respecting other components of its experiences. The former set of components are the 'symbols', and the latter set constitute the 'meaning' of the symbols. Whitehead points out that one word may have several meanings, i.e. refer to several different data. In order to understand, thus, the meaning to which a word refers, it is sometimes very important to appreciate the system of thought within which a person is operating. Further, Whitehead's discussion of language includes a number of cogent warning the deficiencies of language, and hence the need for great care in the use of words. In fact, language developed gradually. For the most part we have created words designed to deal with practical problems. Attention focuses on the prominent features in a situation, in particular the changing aspects of things. With reference to such data our words are relatively adequate. However, this issues in an unfortunate superficiality. The enduring, the subtle, the complex and the general aspects of the universe do not have adequate verbal representation. for this reason, Whitehead's position concerning the uses of language in speculative philosophy is stated with pungent directness. The uncritical trust in the adequacy of language is one of the main errors to which philosophy is liable. Since ordinary language does not do justice to the generalities, profundities and complexities of life, it is obvious that philosophy requires new words and phrases, or at least the revision of familiar words and phrases. Proceeding to develop the theme Whitehead contends that words and phrases must be stretched towards a generality foreign to their ordinary usage. In the same vein Whitehead refers to the need to realize that language which is the tool of philosophy needs to be redesigned just as in physical science available physical apparatus needs to be redesigned. But even these words and phrases, stretched or redesigned, are never completely adequate in philosophical speculations. They are, in his opinion, merely a great improvement over ordinary language or the language science, mathematics or symbolic logic.

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談儒家 「天人關係」 的認知, 到 「樂天安命」 人生觀之建構 (On the basis cognitive of "Heaven and human relations", Confucian to construct "Optimistic attitude" philosophy of life)

  • 방준길
    • 철학연구
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    • 제141권
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    • pp.85-93
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    • 2017
  • 중국의 춘추전국 시대는 정국이 혼란하고, 제후들이 패권을 다투고, 왕조가 무너지는 시기에 다양한 학문이 일어난 백가쟁명 시대이다. 이 시기에 철학계의 발전은 활발하고 학술성과도 매우 눈부셨다. 이에 맞춰 철학계의 주된 관심은 대부분이 하늘에 대한 인식과 천인관계 그리고 인성 등의 문제에 대해 초점을 두었다. 공자가 개창자인 유가사상은 춘추전국 시대에 주요 학파 중 하나이다. 유가는 인간을 근본으로 삼고 윤리를 중요시 하고 도덕을 강조하는 학술사상으로서 한국, 일본, 베트남, 싱가포르 등 여러 나라에 많은 영향을 끼쳤으며, 이른바 유가문화 생활권을 형성하게 되었다. 유가의 사상이념은 후대에도 많은 영향을 주었다. 근본에 주력하고 덕성을 숭상하는 입신처세의 이념과 '유교무류'(有敎無類: 가르침이 있을진댄 부류를 나누어서는 안된다), '인재시교'(因材施敎: 자질에 따라 가르침을 달리 베푼다)의 교육원칙, 그리고 '존왕천패'(尊王賤覇: 왕도정치를 존중하고 패도정치를 천하게 여긴다)의 정치사상은 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. 그렇지만 유가사상에 있어서 그 현대적 의의가 가장 큰 것은 바로 '천지만물지모'(天地萬物之母: 천지는 만물의 부모이다)라고 하는 천인관계론(天人關係論)과 낙천안명(樂天安命: 천명에 따라 분수에 맞게 산다)의 인생관이다. 유가철학에 있어서 낙천안명의 인생관은 천인관계의 인식론적 기초 위에 구성되었다.

생의 마지막 단계.삶의 완결.완화간호 모델 (The Last Phase of Life.Life Completion.Palliative Care Model)

  • 김달숙
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.115-121
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    • 2009
  • 근래의 호스피스 완화 서비스에 대한 국가의 관심과 지원 정책은 매우 고무적이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 호스피스 완화 의료의 정착과 발전이라는 명목을 가지고 우리는 호스피스 완화간호와 관련된 우리 주위의 현실에 비판과 반영의 눈으로 돌아볼 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 호스피스 철학에 부합되는 완화 간호 모델을 찾아내어 생의 마지막 단계에 있는 사람과 가족의 완화 간호에 적합한 모델인가를 심사하는 것은 목적으로 하였다. 소개되고 심사된 모델은 Eagan, Labyak의 호스피스 경험 모델과 Byock의 삶의 완결(life completion)을 위한 성장 모델이었다. 호스피스 경험 모델은 생의 마지막 단계에 있는 환자와 가족의 경험과 가치관에 근거한 임종 간호 모델로서 개개인의 경험의 독특성을 인정하며 환자 가족 개개인의 다 영역의 역동성과 상호작용적 관련성과 다 영역적 특성을 가진 개개인의 상호 관계성을 인정한다. 또한, 생의 마지막 단계에서도 다 영역적 상호 관계성은 긍정적인 성장과 발달을 만들 수 있음을 인정한다. 이 모델은 생의 마지막 단계에 있는 개인과 가족의 개개인 요구에 부합된 삶의 질 개선, 고통 제거, 삶의 완결, 좋은 죽음을 이끄는 완화 간호를 이끌 수 있다고 평가되었다. Byock의 성장 모델은 임종의 시기를 마지막 삶의 발달 단계로 보았다. 이 모델은 생의 마지막 단계에 있는 개인과 가족을 삶의 완결의 과정을 경험할 수 있는 존재로 보았다. 모델은 세속적인 일/사회적인 일/개인적인 관계들/개인 내재적인 영역/초월적 영역들의 세부 항목으로 이루어진 이정표와 발달 과업을 포함한다. 이 모델에서는 전문 의료인이 이정표 및 과업을 이용하여 성장의 주체의 변화를 얼마나 잘 파악하여 내고 도와주는 가가 환자 및 가족의 성장의 열쇠가 되며 한 인간이 인간 실존 안에서 삶을 마칠 수 있게 만드는 결과를 낼 수 있다.그 결과 개인은 평화와 안녕 속에서 삶을 마감할 수 있다. 이 두 모델은 호스피스 철학에 부합되는 완화 간호의 모델로 고려되었다.

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교정복지의 관점에서 본 사형제도의 비판적 고찰 (A Critical Study on Capital Punishment System in Perspective of Correctional Welfare)

  • 안봉근;남기민
    • 한국사회복지학
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    • 제59권3호
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    • pp.33-58
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    • 2007
  • 사형은 단순히 하나의 경과적 형벌로 끝나는 것이 아니라 한 사람의 존재를 영원히 지워버리는 것으로서 실존주의적 휴머니즘에 반할뿐 아니라 사회통합이라는 사회복지 목표에 정면으로 배치되는 제도이다. 이에 본 연구는 교정복지의 가치와 철학을 중심논거로 사형에 대한 다각도의 비판적 고찰을 함으로써 그 문제성을 지적하고 나아가 사형제도 폐지의 당위성을 이끌어 내고자 하였다. 요컨대, 사형은 생명권이라는 불가침적인 기본권과 시공을 초월한 인간의 생존본성을 부정할 때만 가능한 것이다. '인간행동의 근거'를 문화와 사회라는 사회체계 속에서 찾으려는 거시적 관점을 부인할 수 없는 한, 사형제도는 사회연대와 인간존엄성과 같은 가치를 바탕으로 사회구성원들이 자기실현을 할 수 있도록 사회 전체가 책임을 진다는 복지철학에 반하며, 범죄인에 대한 교정과 재활 등 적극적으로 특별예방을 지향하는 교정복지의 목표와도 상치되는 것으로서 마땅히 폐지되어야 한다.

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초등학생의 생명존중교육을 위한 삶의 의미발견 CD 프로그램 개발 및 효과 (Development and Evaluation of a Finding Meaning in Life CD Program for Life-esteemed Education of Older School-age Children)

  • 강경아;김신정;송미경
    • 한국간호교육학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.487-500
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a finding meaning in life CD program about life-esteemed education and to identify the effect of the program. Methods: The life-esteemed education philosophy and the concepts of logotherapy were applied as a theoretical framework for this program. This program was developed through the process of planning, designing, developing, and evaluating with a content validity test. To identify the effect of the program, one experimental group design was applied to 54 students. Data were collected before the program started and one week and five weeks after the program finished. Results: The program was developed based on the students' needs and evaluation of the CD's content and consists of five periods: Dinosaur Park of Promise, Hill of Fragrance, Garden of Love, Forest of Acceptance, and My Lake. Each post-test score of knowledge, attitude, and practice on meaning of life was significantly higher than pretest scores. Conclusion: This program can be effective for life-esteemed education in elementary school students. Moreover, it is encouraged that the program will be utilized in more life-esteemed education for elementary school students.

호스피스와 종교적 죽음이해

  • 신민선;김문수
    • 호스피스학술지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2006
  • There are various understandings how to define death. In the context of medicine, death is defined as the irreversible change of the tissue according to the cessation of circulation and respiration. According to the psychologists, a person need to accept the finiteness as a human being and remain conscious that the death is not avoidable. And they say if a person doesn't regard death as unavoidable reality of life he or she will not confront the humanistic death and after all will die like animals. In philosophy, death is viewed as an unwelcome reality in the end of the journey of life. Sociologists usually understand that the society is the organization composed with living persons and human beings which construct and transmit the culture from generation to generation between the both ends of life and death. In society, the generation is changed, maintained, and developed through the phenomenon of death. Although death of human being is natural event in society, the death of a specific person brings a sense of loss, crisis, and anxiety to the communities like family, regional society, nation, and the world. In this context, death is not confined to personal dimension and it can be regarded as a social problem. It is valuable to summarize the religious perspectives on the meaning of death for the better hospice care. In shamanism, there are basic idea that although the flesh of human being disappears, soul never die. If human dies, the flesh of human being disappears but soul never disappear and come back to the origin of soul as it is called chaos. So in shamanism, it is said that shaman can solve the mortified feeling, restore the broken harmony, send the soul to comfortable space- the origin, and guarantee the blessing of descendents. Buddhists regard the death as an essential component through the cycles of life. Through this cycle, human being exits as an endlessly transmigrating being and the death is just a restoration to the original status. In Confucianism, the view on the death based on the philosophy of the "Yin and Yang" and "Five elements". In Buddhist tradition, many believers said the philosophy of "Death is the same as life". Unlike usual thoughts that a god governs "life and death" and "fortune and misfortune", Confucianists deny the governance of a god and emphasize the natural orders in which every phenomenon in the world moves according to the principle. Confucianists understand the death as a natural order with this principle. In Confucianists' belief, the essence of human being remains in their own descendent's lives after the death of ancestor, so in Confucianism there is no concept of immortality of the soul. In the history of Christianity, death has been defined generally as the separation of the immortal soul from the mortal body. In the earlier days of Old Testament, the death is regarded as a disappearance of just a flesh and human never disappear and always live in the relationship with God. Later days in Old Testament, we can find the growing concern for the life after the death because of the entrance of the theodicy. In the New Testament, the death is not regarded as the normal process of the human life and regarded as the abnormal status in which death come to human because of sin as a decisive factor and it should be conquered. In fact, the most of us afraid death because not of the fear of death itself but of the sense of the emptiness and regrets. so many people often make the monument hoping to live forever. But Christian usually regard this behavior as a sinful act because human being usually think themselves as a master of their life and attempt to become immortal in this kind of trial mortal. But if we live with God, we cannot confront such a condition because we aware limits as a mortal human being and entrust everything on Him and want to live according to His guidance. Therefore, in the Christian tradition, the death is regarded as accomplishment of life, fruits of life, invitation to the eternal life, and the last stage of human growth. For human being, the death is the great step of maturation as a human in the final stage of life.

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