• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.688-696
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• 2003

The casing oscillator used for basic construction of buildings, factories and bridges is a construction machine, which rotates and rolls the casing to insert it into the ground. It is very important that the casing is positioned perpendicular to the sea level regardless of the slope of the ground. In this paper, we present a new casing oscillator that doesn't need additional work to level the ground for the casing insertion. The kinematic analysis fur work space of a casing oscillator is presented and carried out with auto-balancing of the casing oscillator using posture feedback control.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1713-1716
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• 2003

Casing Oscillator is a construction machine that used to insert casings which is based on construction of a building or bridge into the ground. The purpose of using casing supports a pile or in case when heavy loads and moments happens. It is very important that the casings are retaining perpendicular to sea level regardless of the slope of the ground. So it requires that Casing Oscillator keep horizontality. But, it was useless a horizontal control without another heavy equipment. Tornado is a type of Casing Oscillator to advance. It controls horizontality with 4 cylinders. Those cylinders controlled by high-speed solenoid valves. This paper represents horizontal control of the Tornado using Kinematics. First. the horizontal control simulated by AMESim, which is simulation tool. then it compared with experimental results.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2020

We analyzed the morphological characteristics of OCC (Ocean Core Complexes) in the middle part of the Central Indian Ridge (MCIR) using high-resolution geophysical data recorded on the Deep-Tow SideScan Sonar IMI-30 system. In terms of slope-gradient variations calculated from the high-resolution bathymetry data, the normal faults formed by seafloor spreading were associated generally with slopes > 30° and resulted in high backscatter intensities, which reflect more topographic effects than acoustic medium variation. However, the areas associated with gentle slopes < 10° tend to show the backscatter intensities reflecting the acoustic characteristic of the medium. We show that the detachment faults exposing the OCCs were initiated with high-angle normal faults (58°) exhibiting outward and inward dips of a breakaway zone. In order to examine the spatial distribution of OCC structures, we characterized the transition from magmatic-dominant seafloor with abyssal hills to tectonic-dominant seafloor with OCC using the down-slope direction variation. The slope direction of the seafloor generally tends to be perpendicular to the ridge azimuth in the magmatic-dominant zone, whereas it becomes parallel to the given ridge azimuth near the OCC structures. Therefore, this spatial change of seafloor slope directions indicates that the formation of OCC structures is causally associated with the tectonic-dominant spreading rather than magmatic extension. These results also suggest that the topographical characteristics of seafloor spreading and OCC structures can be distinguished using high-resolution geophysical data. Thus, we propose that the high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter intensity data can help select potential areas of exploitation of hydrothermal deposits in MCIR effectively.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.394-394
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• 2013

The spin-orbit interaction has received great attention in the field of spintronics, because of its property and applicability. For instance, the spin-orbit interaction induces spin precession which is the key element of spin transistor proposed by Datta and Das, since frequency of precession can be controlled by electric field. The spin-orbit interaction is classified according to its origin, Dresselhaus and Rashba spin-orbit interaction. In particular, the Rashba spin-orbit interaction is induced by inversion asymmetry of quantum well structure and the slope of conduction band represents the strength of Rashba spin-orbit interaction. The strength of spin-orbit interaction is experimentally obtained from the Shubnikov de Hass (SdH) oscillation. The SdH oscillation is resistance change of channel for perpendicular magnetic field as a result of Zeeman spin splitting of Landau level, quantization of cyclotron motion by applied magnetic field. The frequency of oscillation is different for spin up and down due to the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. Consequently, the SdH oscillation shows the beat patterns. In many research studies, the spin-orbit interaction was treated as a tool for electrical manipulation of spin. On the other hands, it can be considered that the Rashba field, effective magnetic field induced by Rashba effect, may interact with external magnetic field. In order to investigate this issue, we utilized InAs quantum well layer, sandwiched by InGaAs/InAlAs as cladding layer. Then, the SdH oscillation was observed with tilted magnetic field in y-z plane. The y-component (longitudinal term) of applied magnetic field will interact with the Rashba field and the z-component (perpendicular term) will induce the Zeeman effect. As a result, the strength of spin-orbit interaction was increased (decreased), when applied magnetic field is parallel (anti-parallel) to the Rashba field. We found a possibility to control the spin precession with magnetic field.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 1980

A model study was conducted for the investigation of apparent resistivity variation along with electric resistivity variation of host rock and dip variation of bed. Experiments were carried out for the cases of horizontal and dipping beds in a water tank by using Wenner and Schlumberger arrays and by changing salinity of water. The ratios of resistivity values of the bed to that of brine were 1 : 10, 1 : 50, 1 : 100 and 1 : 500. Natural coally-shale of $55cm{\times}35cm{\times}3.5cm$ was used as a bed for experimental model, and brine as a host rock. Equi-resistivity curves and characteristic curves were obtained for each case of the experiment. The equi-resistivity curve was drawn both on the cross section parallel to strike of bed and longitudinal section perpendicular to it. The characteristic curve was drawn on the cross section. In the case of dipping bed of different dips, the curves are parallel to the boundary of the bed in the upper part of the bed, and are inclined to the opposite direction with the same angle of the dip of bed in the lower part. We can deduce, from the equi-resistivity curves, the location, shape and dip of the bed. It is shown in the characteristic curves that when the ratio of resistivity value of bed to that of host rock increases, the slope of curves becomes steeper, location of low-resistivity zone lower, and the width of it narrower. The slope of curves also becomes steeper when dip of bed increases. We can deduce, from the characteristic curves, the ratio of resistivity values between adjacent beds. It was found out from the experiments that electric resistivity method could be applicable to prospecting for underground geology with an electric resistivity contrast of 1 : 10. This fact strongly suggests that distinction of coal from coally-shale could be possible in a certain field condition.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2007

두께 및 폭이 균일하지 않고 경사진 한 끝이 고정된 단면이 직사각형인 안경테 다리의 자유단에 수직 힘이 작용하는 경우 탄성체 내 모든 점에서 변위 및 접선 기울기의 연속, 구부림 모멘트의 연속, 전단력의 연속 등 법칙에 근거하여 이러한 불균일 안경테 다리의 변위를 이론적으로 구하는 방정식(모델)을 수립하였다. 베타티탄테 다리의 변형에 대한 실제 측정값과 유도한 이론식에 의한 예측 계산 값을 통계적으로 비교한 결과 상관계수 0.992 및 카이검정 결과 p=0.999로 서로 잘 부합되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 유도한 모델에 의해 다리의 탄성율 및 두께 폭과 같은 형상 변화에 따른 다리의 변형과 작용하는 힘(압력)의 크기 및 변화가 예측 가능하다. 안경테 다리의 두께 변화에 따른 다리 변형을 모사(simulation)하였다.

• 지질공학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.395-432
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• 2021

지하수함양은 시공간적으로 다양하여 직접적으로 측정하기 어렵기 때문에 함양추정을 위해 수치모델이 널리 사용되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 지하수함양을 추정하기 위한 방법으로 기계학습법의 하나인 분류회귀트리(CART)모형을 적용하기 위해 수정된 수직식생지수(mPVI), 정규식생지수(NDVI), 정규경작지수(NDTI), 정규나지지수(NDRI) 같은 토양-식생관련 지수와 강우, 지형인자(고도, 경사, 경사방향)를 입력하고 김천지역 SWAT-MODFLOW의 함양량 결과를 추출 및 학습하여 함양량을 예측하였다. SWAT-MODFLOW의 함양량 분포에 대한 CART모형의 예측값의 전반적인 정확도는 0.5~0.7, 카파계수는 0.3~0.6으로 나타나 위성영상자료를 통해 토양-식생에 따른 함양량 변화를 합리적으로 예측할 수 있었다.

• 대기
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.317-329
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• 2017

Ocean mixed layer (OML) depth affects diurnal cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) induced by change of solar radiation absorption and heat budget in ocean. The diurnal SST variation can lead to convection over the ocean, which can impact on localized precipitation both over coastal and inland. In this study, we investigate the OML characteristics affecting the diurnal cycle of SST for the Korean Peninsula and surrounding areas. To analyze OML characteristics, HYCOM oceanic mixed layer depth (MLD) and wind field at 10 m from ERA-interim during 2008~2016 are used. In the winter, MLD is deeply formed when the strong wind field is located on perpendicular to continental slope over deep seafloor areas. Besides, cooling SST-induced vertical mixing in OML is reinforced by dry cold air originated from Siberia. The OML in summer is shallowly distributed about 20 m. In order to estimate the impact of OML model in high resolution NWP model, four experimental simulations are performed. At this time, the prognostic scheme of skin SST is applied in NWP to simulate diurnal SST. The simulation results show that CNTL (off-OML) overestimates diurnal cycle of SST, while EXPs (on-OML) indicate similar results to observations. The prediction performance for precipitation of EXPs shows improvement compared with CNTL over coastal as well as inland. This results suggest that the application of the OML model in summer season can contribute to improving the prediction for performance of SST and precipitation over coastal area and inland.

• 지질공학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.405-415
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• 2019

수압암반절개에서 유도된 균열은 자유면에서 지반의 최소주응력에 수직인 방향인 자유면과 평행한 방향으로 형성되거나, 기존에 발달한 미세균열의 영향을 많이 받는다. 본 연구에서는 흑운모화강암 사면에서 시추공 축과 평행한 방향으로 유도슬롯을 생성하여 이중패커의 압력 및 인터벌 구간에 수압을 주입하는 수압암반절개 실험을 수행하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 이중패커 압력 및 인터벌 구간 내의 주입으로 형성된 균열은 유도슬롯 방향을 따라 미세하게 나타났으며, 일부 균열은 시추공을 가로질러 연장되었다. 따라서 수압암반절개는 절개할 방향으로 유도슬롯을 생성하여 보다 많은 유량을 주입하면 효율적인 유도균열 조절이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.255-268
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• 2022

Light-weight or low-damped structures may encounter the unsteady galloping instability that occurs at low reduced wind speeds, where the classical quasi-steady assumption is invalid. Although this unsteady phenomenon has been widely studied for rectangular cross sections with one side perpendicular to the incidence flow, the effect of the mean wind angle of attack has not been paid enough attention yet. With four sectional models of different side ratios and geometric shapes, the presented research focuses on the effect of the wind angle of attack on unsteady galloping instability. In static tests, comparatively strong vortex shedding force was noticed in the middle of the range of flow incidence where the lift coefficient shows a negative slope. In aeroelastic tests with a low Scruton number, the typical unsteady galloping, which is due to an interaction with vortex-induced vibration and results in unrestricted oscillation initiating at the Kármán vortex resonance wind speed, was observed for the wind angles of attack that characterize relatively strong vortex shedding force. In contrast, for the wind angles of attack with relatively weak shedding force, an "atypical" unsteady galloping was found to occur at a reduced wind speed clearly higher than the Kármán-vortex resonance one. These observations are valid for all four wind tunnel models. One of the wind tunnel models (with a bridge deck cross section) was also tested in a turbulent flow with an intensity about 9%, showing only the atypical unsteady galloping. However, the wind angle of attack with the comparatively strong vortex shedding force remains the most unfavorable one with respect to the instability threshold in low Scruton number conditions.