• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2011년도 정기 학술발표대회
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• pp.91-91
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• 2011

The quality of the surface layer in concrete structures plays an important role in the durability of the concrete. The concrete factory products are made as they improve the appearance of the surface and compressive strength in need. A common criterion to judge the quality of concrete products frequently seen in our daily life appears to be "beauty" in terms of consistent shaping. However, as for most concrete curb in such areas where a large amount of anti-freezing agents(NaCl) and ice and snow melting agents(CaCl2) are spread over roads to ensure road safety during the winter season, since deterioration advances from the surface, scaling is seen on the surface concrete due to deterioration which combined freezing damage and salt damage. Especially, In cold northern districts, the spreading amount of deicing salts increases by regulation of studded tire use, and the scaling of the concrete products, the various parts of concrete structures for roads is increasing in recent years. In this study, L-shape concrete curb were targeted, the permeable form method with the commercial permeable sheet was applied to it and the improvements of the quality were examined. By the permeable form method, surface layers got strengthened, which prevented permeation of the deterioration factor from the outside, and the scaling resistance of the upper surface where the permeable sheet was applied improved exceedingly. It will be expected by applying the permeable form method to various concrete products that frost resistance improves and scaling damage decreases.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2023

The increase of impermeable area ratio is causing hydrologic cycle problems in urban areas and groundwater depletion in rural areas, permeable pavements are getting attention to expand permeable areas. The performance of the permeable concrete block pavement, which is part of the permeable pavement, is greatly affected by the porosity. In addition, the permeability coefficient is a major factor when designing permeable concrete block pavement. Existing porosity and permeability test methods have problems such as uneconomical or poor field applicability. The object of this study was to develop a methodology for evaluating porosity and permeability coefficient using a surface image of a permeable concrete block. Specimens are manufactured with various porosity ranges and porosity and permeability tests are performed. After surface image preprocessing, normalization and binarization methods were compared. Through this, the method with the highest correlation with the lab test result was determined. From the results, the PDR (pore determined ratio) was obtained. Simple linear regression analysis is performed with PDR and lab test results. The results showed a high correlation of R² more than 0.8, and the errors were also low.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.691-699
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• 2010

In recent years, increases in impervious areas with rapid urbanization and land use changes are causing numerous hydrologic cycle and environmental problems. Impermeable pavement have a various defect such as collection rainwater, decreasing of sliding resistance, and etc. In this study, the hydrologic cycle effect of permeable pavement were analyzed by the experiment and the numerical simulation. The numerical model used was a modified SWMM especially for considering the hydrologic cycle effect of permeable pavement. The parameters of modified SWMM were revised by the experimental results. Also, the effects of runoff quantity reduction are reviewed when permeable pavement is applied to Incheon Cheongna watershed. The hydrologic cycle analysis of Incheon Cheongna watershed, continuous simulations of urban runoff were performed. The analysis results of permeable pavement setup effect on runoff are follows: the surface runoff after permeable pavement setup decreases to 74.35% of the precipitation whereas the surface runoff before permeable pavement setup amounts to 81.38% of the precipitation; the infiltration after permeable pavement setup increases to 15.13% of the precipitation whereas the infiltration before permeable pavement setup amounts to 8.32% of the precipitation.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.259-262
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• 1998

RGP 콘택트렌즈의 전방과 후방 표면에 대한 것을 주사전자현미경을 이용해서 조사하였다. 그 결과 렌즈의 미세구조에 대한 것은 전면과 후방면에 약간의 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 표면의 거칠음정도는 후방표면보다 전방 표면이 약간 심하게 나타났다. 이런 현상은 아마도 콘택트렌즈의 재료의 특성이라 여겨진다. 한편 전방과 후방 표면의 형태적인 차이인 계곡과 선상은 약간 다르게 나타났다. 이 같은 현상은 렌즈의 제조과정에서 생긴 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 각 표면의 구형의 다양한 입자들은 아마도 렌즈의 제조과정에서 형성된 이물질이라 여겨진다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권6A호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2012

굳지않은 콘크리트에는 항상 일정량의 잉여수가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 잉여수는 콘크리트 내부에서 갇힌공기로 남게 되어 내구성을 저하시키는 요인이 되므로 잉여수를 제거할 수 있다면 구조물의 내구성 향상에 큰 도움이 될 것이다. 기존에 많은 연구가 있었지만 투수시트의 특성에 대한 상세한 검토는 부족한 상태이며, 거푸집의 천공에 따른 시공성 저하는 여전히 의문이 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 투수거푸집 시스템에서 직포 및 부직포 투수시트를 적용할 경우의 기초적인 특성을 실험을 통하여 검토하고 시공성 향상을 위해 거푸집에 천공을 하지 않는 투수거푸집에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과 투수거푸집에서 직포와 부직포 투수시트를 사용한 경우 직포의 조밀성 및 부직포의 두께 등에 따라 일부 차이가 있었지만 W/C 감소, 표면 평탄성 증가, 표면부 강도 향상이 있었으며, 시멘트손실은 미미하여 적용성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 투수시트 내부에 탈수된 잉여수의 배수통로를 가지고 있는 배수 부직포 투수시트를 적용한 경우 거푸집에 천공을 하지 않고서도 필요한 탈수성능을 발휘할 수 있어 시공성 향상에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2009

In this study, the hydrological properties of permeable pavement were analyzed by the experiment and the numerical simulation. The numerical model used was a modified SWMM especially for considering the hydrological response of permeable pavement. The parameters of modified SWMM were revised by the experimental results, and then the practicability was evaluated through the comparison of the experimental and numerical simulation results. In the experiments, three different rainfall intensities such as 65 mm/hr, 90 mm/hr, 95 mm/hr were supplied for 4 hrs, and the hydraulic properties including surface outflow, subsurface outflow, ground water level, soil water contents were measured for 10 hrs. The results showed rainfall intensity effected directly on surface outflow volume and subsurface outflow volume was more effected by ground water level than rainfall intensity. The ground water level and the soil water contents were under estimated as compared with the experimental data except the portion of occurring direct runoff. The surface and subsurface outflow discharge were simulated very well in comparison with the experimental data. Consequently, the modified SWMM could be used very effectively to evaluate the hydrological property of permeable pavement.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.376-384
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 투과면을 이용하는 음향상사법으로 제자리 비행하는 UH-1H 로터 블레이드 주위의 원방 소음을 예측하였다. 두께 소음과 하중 소음, 그리고 충격파 및 끝단 후류 등에 의해 발생하는 유동 소음을 예측하기 위해 블레이드 표면을 포함하는 투과면을 구성하였다. 3차원 압축성 Euler 방정식 및 Navier-Stokes 방정식을 적용하여 공력 해석을 수행하고 비교하였다. 투과면의 위치에 따라 High Speed Impulsive 소음을 예측 및 검증하였다. 블레이드 끝단에서 발생하는 충격파에 의한 소음원이 지배적인 요소임을 확인하였으며, 충격파를 온전히 포함하도록 투과면을 구성하는 것이 중요함을 보였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.207-208
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• 2022

Since 1960, the green area has decreased due to rapid urbanization and the artificial surface has increased, and the repair and water function of the previous surface has decreased due to the decrease in rainwater absorption capacity. In addition, the risk of carbon dioxide and fine dust is emerging due to the use of fossil fuels due to urbanization. As a result, permeable blocks, an eco-friendly product, are in the spotlight. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the strength properties of the permeable block using a hydroball. As a result of the experiment, the flexural strength and compressive strength tended to decrease as the hydroball replacement rate increased. It is judged that the hydroball absorbs a large amount of moisture during the mixing process and lacks moisture required for curing, resulting in a decrease in strength. According to KS F 4419, since the hydroball replacement rate is satisfied up to 20%, further research is needed to analyze the adsorption performance of air pollutants in the future and evaluate their utilization as a permeable block in the future.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.3116-3121
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• 2007

In this paper, the inverse shape design is introduced using the permeable wall boundary condition. Inverse shape design defines the blade shape for the prescribed Mach numbers or pressure distribution on its surface. It calculates the normal mass flux from the difference between the calculated and prescribed pressure at the surface. A new geometry can be achieved after applying the quasi one-dimensional continuity equation from the leading edge to the trailing edge. For validation of this method, two test cases are studied. The first test case of inverse shape design illustrates the cosine bump with a strong shock. After seven geometry modifications, the shock-free bump geometry can be obtained. The second example concerns the redesign of a transonic turbine cascade. The initial isentropic Mach distribution has a peak on the upper surface. The target isentropic Mach number distribution was imposed smoothly. The peak of Mach distribution has disappeared at the final geometry. This proposed inverse design method has proven to be an efficient and robust tool in turbomachinery design fields.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2019

본 연구는 기존의 콘크리트 투수블록이 아닌 재활용 합성수지를 활용하여 제작된 투수블록의 열섬현상 완화의 기능성 측면인 표면온도의 저감효과를 확인하고자 야외계측과 실내실험을 진행하였다. 야외계측은 건조한 상태와 습윤상태를 고려하여 3일 동안 계측하였고, 실내실험은 건조 조건, 강우 모사 조건, 표층 습윤 조건 등으로 구분하여 온도의 변화와 실험 후 함수율의 증발비율을 확인하였다. 야외계측 결과, 가뭄이 지속되거나 일정수준의 수분이 표층에 없는 건조한 상태에서는 수분의 증발에 의한 기화잠열로 냉각효과가 발휘되기 보다는 투수블록 표면의 알베도에 의한 차이로 표면의 온도가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 실내실험 결과, 재생 합성수지 투수블록(RS 투수블록)은 콘크리트 투수블록보다 건조한 상태일때는 더 높은 표면온도를 기록하였으나 강우 모사조건에서는 공극내 수분의 증발이 모세관력에 의해 지속적으로 유지되어 더 높은 온도 저감율 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 실내실험 후 증발율을 측정한 결과 수분의 증발율이 높을수록 온도의 저감효과는 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 증발율과 온도의 저감율에 대한 상관관계식을 도출하였다.