• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.921-929
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• 2020

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with oil palm frond (leaf) (OPF) with and without oil palm meal (OPM) on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation and growth performance in goats. Methods: Six female crossbred goats were fed for 28 days of 3 diet treatments; 100% para-grass (T1); 50% para-grass + 50% OPF (T2), and 30% para-grass + 50% OPF + 20% OPM (T3). Body weight, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and urine volume, food intake, dry matter intake and water intake were measured daily. Nutrient digestibility was determined from five consecutive days of last week in each diet. Ruminal fluid, urine and blood were collected at the end for determination of rumen protozoa and volatile fatty acid contents, urinary allantoin excretion, blood cell count and chemistry profiles. Results: Goats fed T2 and T3 showed higher dry matter and nutrients intakes while protein digestibility was suppressed compared with those for T1. Crude fat digestibility declined in T2 but maintained after adding the OPM (T3). High fat intake by giving OPF and OPM corresponded to a higher ruminal acetate/propionate ratio (C2/C3) and serum cholesterol level. An increased urinary allantoin/creatinine ratio was found in T2 and T3 compared with T1, implying an increased number of ruminal microbes. Conclusion: Increased dry matter intake in T2 and T3 suggested that oil palm by-products are partly useful as a replacement for para-grass in goats. Replacement with the by-products increased plasma cholesterol level, which suggested that these products are a useful energy source. Changes in rumen parameters suggested an increased microbial number and activity suitable for acetate production. However, the limited digestibility of protein implies that addition of high protein feeds may be recommended to increase body weight gain of goats.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2016

Objective : To investigate the current international researches which identify the effect of stroke with hemiplegia after dual-task training Methods : We systematically examined journals published from 2007 to 2015, searching PubMed. Total 5 researches were selected for the analyses. Results : Selected studies were all in international journal and they used two group experimental design. In addition, all the paper got PEDro scores above 6. They conducted gait task for motor task, at the same time used various domain of cognitive task such as from sustain attention to working memory. The outcome measure tools used for evaluation by the standardized assessment tool and operational definition, further also included the assessment tool designed for the dual-task training such as a variety of tools make possible to assess various aspects of effect. Discussion : Dual-task training in this study was found to give a positive effect on the dual-task performance, as well as improving the motor and cognitive function in patients with stroke. However there were also limitation to the studies conducted so far. In order to apply the occupational therapy, this results can consider as the preliminary data which suggest supplement point and can be a evidence for effective treatment for stroke with hemiplegia.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.377-385
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• 2017

This study analyzed the impact of the implementation of 14 FTAs on the domestic agricultural sector through aneconomic post-impact assessment using the dynamic analysis method. As a result of the implementation of the FTAs, agricultural production decreased significantly, mainly in the livestock and fruit sectors. Most of the previous studieswere limited to the post-impact assessment of individual FTAs, which does not reflect the fact that the implementation of a number of FTAs results ina combinationof trade creation, trade transitions, and FTA accumulation effects. Therefore, this study provides amore objective and comprehensive evaluation of the effects of FTAs in the agricultural sector, and contributes to some extent to the evaluation of the policy directions necessary for revising and supplementing the domestic measures needed to supplement the FTAs. Of course, a more sophisticated analysis is needed to separate the impact of these complementary domestic measures and the performance of the general agricultural project.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 2017

Objective: It is important to assess the participation and understand the characteristics of participation for setting goal of the child's treatment and strengthening participation. In this study, we verified the validity of the LIFE-H 1.0, so that domestic occupational therapists can systematically evaluate children's participation. Methods: This study was conducted for about 2 months from February to April 2016 in 47 children with disabilities and non-disabled children. We divided the children into two groups aged 0-4 years and 5-13 years old and conducted a self-report questionnaire to parents. The collected data were verified by SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science) statistical analysis program. Results: There was no difference between the two groups in general characteristics. In comparison of two groups, a significant difference(p<.05) was found in the LIFE-H 1.0 total performance and satisfaction score and the high discriminant validity was verified. Conclusion: The ultimate goal of occupational therapy is to increase participation. Therefore, the occupational therapist must be able to assess the level of participation and than set the goal of intervention. This study confirms the high level of validity and expects that Korean version of LIFE-H 1.0 will be widely used in clinical field and research.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on effective manpower management by analyzing the influence of occupational therapists' work experience satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention. Methods : Throughout the working hours of occupational therapists working in occupational therapy rooms nationwide, the questionnaire was examined by Google, Empowerment, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover. Results : Empowerment perception level of the subjects was 3.52, Job satisfaction was 3.05, Organizational commitment 3.02, and turnover intention 3.19. The analysis of empowerment according to the general characteristics of the subjects revealed significant differences in gender, age, education level, and work experience. There was a significant difference in the organizational commitment age, education level, and patient type. The age and education level of the general characteristics of the subjects were different significantly in the empowerment and organizational commitment. Empowerment showed a positive correlation with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Conclusion : The empowerment is an important variable affecting job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention, which are important factors for effective job performance of occupational therapist.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.577-585
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• 2017

HPC method is developing to improve the constructability and structural performance of the existing PC method. The objective of this study is to develop construction procedures and to analysis of construction period for HPC method. In order to develop construction procedures, the building construction data of the existing half-slab method was analyzed. Analyzing design drawings and specifications of nine construction cases, a prototype of half-slab method, was drawn. Applying the core technology of HPC method to the drawn prototype of half-slab method, a prototype of HPC method, was developed. The differences of both methods were 'installing PC column' and 'placing topping concrete'. To analysis the differences of both methods, seven construction cases were analyzed. According to the analysis for HPC method, cases1 and 2 had columns divided for construction shortened about 16% of a construction period. The schedule of column assembly work was analyzed to be shortened much. That is judged to be because the use of a hollow PC column leads to a decrease in the number of columns. In particular, if HPC method is applied to a building construction site using large columns, it is analyzed to shorten a construction period more than the existing Half-slab method.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2016

Purpose: The incidence of glufosinate poisoning is gradually increasing, and it can be fatal if severe poisoning occurs. However, factors useful for predicting the post-discharge neurological prognosis of patients who have ingested glufosinate have yet to be identified. Our objective was to evaluate the utility of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score measured in the emergency department for predicting the neurological prognosis. Methods: From April 2012 to August 2014, we conducted a retrospective study of patients who had ingested glufosinate. The outcome of the patients at discharge was defined by the Cerebral Performance Category Score (CPC). The patients were divided into a good prognosis group (CPC 1, 2) and a poor prognosis group (CPC 3, 4, 5), after which the APACHE II scores were compared. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve from patients determined calibration and discrimination. Results: A total of 76 patients were enrolled (good prognosis group: 67 vs poor prognosis group: 9). The cut-off value for the APACHE II score was 12 and the area under the curve value was 0.891. The Hosmer and Lemeshow C statistic x2 was 7.414 (p=0.387), indicating good calibration for APACHE II. Conclusion: The APACHE II score is useful at predicting the neurological prognosis of patients who have ingested glufosinate.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1099-1104
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• 2017

Objective: This work was to find the correlation of alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) genotype with vitamin A reduction and carcass traits during the vitamin A restriction period. Methods: In study 1, 60 Korean native steers were fed a diet (890 IU/kg) with 8,000 IU and 0 IU of supplemental premix vitamin A/kg of dry matter (DM) for control and treatment group, respectively. The levels of serum vitamin A were analyzed through high preparative performance liquid chromatography, and the ADH1C genotype was analyzed based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP; 78.1% TT type, 21.9% TC type); however, CC type was not found. Then, the interaction between ADH1C and carcass traits on the vitamin A restriction was investigated in study 2. A total of 136 Korean native steers were fed a diet that included 930 IU/kg vitamin A of DM. Results: Serum vitamin A in treatment was reduced to 112.4 IU/dL in steers with TT type of ADH1C, while for steers with TC type the concentration of serum vitamin A was dropped to 79.5 IU/dL (p<0.1) in study 1. This showed that TC type had the potential to lower serum vitamin A concentration during vitamin A restriction compared to TT type. In study 2 we found that eye muscle area, marbling and carcass weight in Korean native steers with TC type were higher than in steers with TT type (p<0.05). Conclusion: The interaction between vitamin A restriction and TC type of ADH1C gene could have the potential of increasing the marbling in Korean native steers. These results indicated that steers with TC type of the ADH1C gene were more sensitive to the change of serum vitamin A than TT types. Furthermore, this finding has the potential to enable a higher marbling score under the condition of vitamin A restriction in Korean native steers.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.64-76
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• 2002

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism and effect of moxibustion objectively and to be used as the quantitative data for developing the new thermal stimulating treatment by observing the combustion characteristics of commercial moxaes. Methods : We have selected two types(large-size moxa A(LMA), large-size moxa B(LMB)) among large moxaes used widely in the clinic. We examined combustion times, temperatures, temperature gradients in each period during a combustion of moxa. Results : 1. The ascending temperature gradient measured in the central point of non-contacted surface was fastest, the average ascending temperature gradient of both moxaes was $0.0384^{\circ}C/sec$, $0.0123^{\circ}C/sec$ respectively, 3.1 times faster in LMA. The maximum ascending temperature gradient was also about 2.9 times faster in LMA. The time required for the maximum ascending temperature gradient from ignition was 254sec, 411sec respectively. 2. The minimum descending temperature gradient in the retaining period was $-0.0250^{\circ}C/sec$, $-0.0090^{\circ}C/sec$ respectively and the average descending temperature gradient was $-0.0160^{\circ}C/sec$, $-0.0037^{\circ}C/sec$ respectively on the non-contact surface. 3. On the basis of the non-contact surface($A_I$), the time at which the effective stimulus period began to occur was about 264sec, 796sec respectively after an ignition, the time at which the maximum temperature began to occur was about 373sec, 1323sec respectively after an ignition, and the maximum temperature was $0.9^{\circ}C$ higher in LMA. The maximum ascending temperature gradient was also about 4.2 times faster in LMA. Conclusion : It was thought that not only the figure of moxicombustion device, but also the form and size of moxa had influence on the combustion characteristics deciding the performance of stimulus seriously.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.261-270
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• 2007

Objective : The 5-HMF was not index material suitable to do the quality control of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata. In this study, We estimated the changes of oligosaccharide contents in Rehmanniae Radix Preparata using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection(HPAEC-PAD). Methods : The analysis of oligosaccharide was conducted by HPAEC-PAD with Carbopac PA1, $250{\times}4mm$, 5um, and Carbopac PA1 guard column. Column temperature was kept at $30^{\circ}C$. Elution was carried out at 1000 ${\mu}l/min$ with 70mM NaOH and the injection volume was $10{\mu}l$. Each component was detected by PAD. Results : Nine constituents were found from merchandising Rehmanniae Radix Preparata(MR), while seven constituents were found in various processed Rehmanniae Radix Preparata. Not all constituents were defined but stachyose and raffinose were found in all cases. And The most common constituents of Rehmanniae radix was stachyose. In the course of processing, most of stachyose and raffinose were decreased. Stachyose was decreased slowly in the course of processing with rice wine(RR), amomi and rice wine(AR), and crataegi and rice wine(CR). However stachyose was decreased rapidly in the course of processing with fresh rehmannia juice(FR). The method with crataegi and rice wine(CR) showed the smallest decrease of stachyose. And processing method with crataegi and rice wine(CR) showed the most abundant amount for stachyose after the nineth processing. Conclusion : The changes of oligosaccharides in the course of processing were a very important direct barometers to do the quality control and set up a standard of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata.