• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.342-352
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• 2021

Multicast Routings is a big challenge due to limitations such as node power and bandwidth Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET). The path to be chosen from the source to the destination node requires protocols. Multicast protocols support group-oriented operations in a bandwidth-efficient way. While several protocols for multi-cast MANETs have been evolved, security remains a challenging problem. Consequently, MANET is required for high quality of service measures (QoS) such infrastructure and application to be identified. The goal of a MANETs QoS-aware protocol is to discover more optimal pathways between the network source/destination nodes and hence the QoS demands. It works by employing the optimization method to pick the route path with the emphasis on several QoS metrics. In this paper safe routing is guaranteed using the Secured Multicast Routing offered in MANET by utilizing the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique to integrate the QOS-conscious route setup into the route selection. This implies that only the data transmission may select the way to meet the QoS limitations from source to destination. Furthermore, the track reliability is considered when selecting the best path between the source and destination nodes. For the optimization of the best path and its performance, the optimized algorithm called the micro artificial bee colony approach is chosen about the probabilistic ant routing technique.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.431-444
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• 2010

This research aims at developing a teachers' training program to reinforce teachers' capability to perform the action learning program. To accomplish this goal, the key value of the training program based on action learning, the process of the core learning activities, and the elements to support learners and facilitators respectively were deducted on the foundation of documentary research and case study, based on which, the program was developed through the formative test by professionals and application to the field. This research was applied to 105 middle or high school teachers, the participants of the in-service training on creative problem solving hosted by B metropolitan city for one week (30 hours) from 9 a.m. on Monday, January 25th, 2010 to 4 p.m. on Friday, January 29th. The result of this research is as follows. First, as for the key values of this study, (1) the team-based learning centered on the trainees, not lecturers-oriented, knowledge-transmitting training, is possible, (2)for each process, guidelines, related information, tools, and various kinds of media are supported just in time, and (3)a focus is given on fostering facilitators centered on teachers. Second, the process of the core learning activities of the teachers' training program based on action learning consists of the procedure of a prior lecture${\rightarrow}$break${\rightarrow}$investigation into problems${\rightarrow}$clarification of problems${\rightarrow}$drawing possible solutions${\rightarrow}$decision on the priority${\rightarrow}$making an action plan${\rightarrow}$performance${\rightarrow}$evaluation, and on each stage, the contents for the activities of teachers and learners and detailed supportive elements are offered.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권9호
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• pp.1544-1572
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• 2011

Task placement and scheduling are traditionally studied in following aspects: resource utilization, application throughput, application execution latency and starvation, and recently, the studies are more on application scalability and application performance. A methodology for task placement and scheduling centered on tasks based on virtual machines is studied in this paper to improve the performances of systems and dynamic adaptability in applications development and deployment oriented parallel computing. For parallel applications with no real-time constraints, we describe a thought of feature model and make a formal description for four layers of task placement and scheduling. To place the tasks to different layers of virtual computing systems, we take the performances of four layers as the goal function in the model of task placement and scheduling. Furthermore, we take the personal preference, the application scalability for a designer in his (her) development and deployment, as the constraint of this model. The workflow of task placement and scheduling based on virtual machines has been discussed. Then, an algorithm TPVM is designed to work out the optimal scheme of the model, and an algorithm TEVM completes the execution of tasks in four layers. The experiments have been performed to validate the effectiveness of time estimated method and the feasibility and rationality of algorithms. It is seen from the experiments that our algorithms are better than other four algorithms in performance. The results show that the methodology presented in this paper has guiding significance to improve the efficiency of virtual computing systems.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.303-334
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• 2014

본 연구는 대학도서관 경영평가를 위한 표준지표 및 평가방법의 개발을 목표로, 다양한 이해관계자들의 의견 수집 및 합의를 통하여 평가체계 안을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 우선 대학도서관 평가의 목적과 요구조건을 살펴보고, 다수의 이해관계자의 의견에 기초하여, 심층면담, 설문조사, 포커스 그룹 등을 이용한 다단계 합의의 방법으로 평가지표를 추출하였으며, 이의 구성 및 배점체계 등을 개발하였다. 전반적 평가체계는 과정적 접근을 큰 틀로 하여, 내부적/기능적인 과정 범주와, 외부적/서비스중심적인 자원 및 결과 범주를 고려하였으며, 범주들 간의 중요도의 균형 속에서 조사 분석 결과의 항목별 중요성에 따라 배점체계를 구축하였다. 더불어 평가방법 및 연차별 평가개선 로드맵을 제시하였다. 평가체계의 개발을 통해 본 연구는 대학도서관 평가활동에 기여할 뿐 아니라 대학도서관의 성과요소 및 예측변인들에 대한 논의의 활성화에도 기여할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2016

Semiconductor manufacturing has suffered from the complex process behavior of the technology oriented control in the production line. While the technological processes are in charge of the quality and the yield of the product, the operational management is also critical for the productivity of the manufacturing line. The fabrication line in the semiconductor manufacturing is considered as the most complex part because of various kinds of the equipment, re-entrant process routing and various product devices. The efficiency and the productivity of the fabrication line may give a significant impact on the subsequent processes such as the probe line, the assembly line and final test line. In the management of the re-entrant process such as semiconductor fabrication, it is important to keep balanced fabrication line. The Performance measures in the fabrication line are throughput, cycle time, inventory, shortage, etc. In the fabrication, throughput and cycle time are the conflicting performance measures. It is very difficult to achieve two conflicting goal simultaneously in the manufacturing line. The capacity of equipment is important factor in the production planning and scheduling. The production planning consideration of capacity can make the scheduling more realistic. In this paper, an input and scheduling rule are to achieve the balanced operation in semiconductor fabrication line through equipment capacity and workload are proposed and evaluated. New backward projection and scheduling rule consideration of facility capacity are suggested. Scheduling wafers on the appropriate facilities are controlled by available capacity, which are determined by the workload in terms of the meet the production target.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.130-151
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• 2012

Fraunhofer was founded in 1949 and grew into Europe's largest application-oriented research organization. Fraunhofer currently employs over 20,000 members in Germany, is internationally networked, and manages an R&D budget of over 1,8 Billion Euros per year. An important step for Fraunhofer to become an integral component of the German innovation system was the introduction of the Fraunhofer Model of financing based on a performance-related system of financial management. The underlying model of the allocation and distribution of public funding to Fraunhofer that is subsequently allotted to specific research groups is one of the success factors of Fraunhofer. Fraunhofer is proud of its decentralized organizational model. Fraunhofer is comprised of 60 Institutes in Germany working in different fields, under one legal framework, and with a strong brand value. Every Fraunhofer Institute is affiliated with a German University and every institute director simultaneously holds a chair at the affiliated university. It is a challenge for the headquarter organization to balance the intended competition of individual Fraunhofer Institutes with complementarity cooperation in science among Fraunhofer-Institutes, especially when coming from different knowledge domains; however, this goal results in a significant advantage. The unique strengths of Fraunhofer offer system solutions in a world with increasingly complex R&D challenges. While growing to become the largest organization on Europe to focus on applied research it is the challenge to remain an agile organization that is flexible in organizational structure. Fraunhofer has reached a well-recognized position in the European innovation landscape. It is often referred to by science and governments as a role model for innovation policy and a key element of the latest successes in the German economy that has recovered quicker from the latest economic crisis than most other western economies. The paper explains Fraunhofer as an organizational paradigm and its underlying management model to elaborate on the challenges of managing a research organization. We wish to show how it is possible to transfer the management model and philosophy of Fraunhofer to innovation systems with different framework conditions and challenges. A universal conclusion may be drawn based on the description of Fraunhofer; however, changes in existing structures and innovation systems cannot be implemented over night.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2012

Technological substitution is the process by which a radical technology replaces the dominant technology in an industry. The processes of diffusion and substitution have been modeled extensively (Technology & innovation, 2010). However, the formulation of classical quantitative models encompasses only part of the theoretical space. These models impose many simplified constraints to the achievement of analytical resolution. The interior design organization needs to establish a set of technical system requirements by describing the scope of the accessibility needs of the organization against current technology use. Because of complicated design resources and ongoing advances in design technologies, design systems face the challenge of prioritizing new technologies for supporting. The problem is small design organization administration often displays a lack of concern toward the evaluation of technology integration. In this paper, I will identify the influence of a design organization's technology, and predict how future technology will inform, support, and potentially hinder productivity, culture, and work satisfaction within a design organization in the industry. In addition, I will use current design organizational behavior and leadership models to support my predictions. Finally, I will examine a proven approach to assist designers with evaluating technology integration in interior design organization. The goal is to develop a high quality, professional development scorecards for the evaluation. I will conduct both the evaluation of technology integration and CRM performance evaluation is recommended to assess the effectiveness of technology integration. Therefore, the evaluation of integration technologies oriented design hold the promise of solving the organization application integration challenge. The evaluation of integration technology is a significant pattern for processing such a vision. The careful selection of an integration technology for this purpose is crucial in contributing toward the success of such an interior design organization endeavor.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제41권
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• pp.119-146
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• 2000

The goals and strategies of welfare-to-work (WTW) policies have been sources of contentious political debate. In the United States, despite 20 years of welfare reform, there remain important differences of opinion regarding how best to design and deliver WTW programs. The proliferation of state and local WTW experiments has led to the identification of two ideal-types of WTW programs: the Labor Force Attachment and Human Capital Development models. Most of the recent policy debate about WTW in America has focused on the relative merits and performance of LFA and HCD. While the Primary goal of the LFA model is for welfare recipients to achieve a rapid transition into work, the HCD model seeks to improve the long-term employability of welfare dependents through education and skill development. LFA policies tend to be strongly outcome-oriented and generally can yield quick results. Their "any job is a good job" philosophy has proved attractive to policy-makers who are anxious to see concrete results in a short-term period. In contrast, the HCD policies do not simply dump welfare dependents at the bottom of the labor market, but aim to secure relatively stable and well-paid jobs. However, these strengths are offset by several practical weaknesses including high unit costs and long-term investment in human capital. In recent years, LFA policies have been increasingly favored by both policy officials and politicians in the United States. The introduction of Temporaray Assistance to Needy Families of 1996 has been accelerating the trend. What is going to happen to welfare recipients? This simple shift to the LFA model, however, will only see an alarming increase of working poor in a near future.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2014

This paper introduces emergy(spelled with "m") that is a new environmental indicator in architecture, aiming to clarify conflicting claims of building design components in the process of energy-retrofit. Much of design practitioners' attention on low energy use in operational phases, may simply shift the lowered environmental impact within the building boundary to large consumption of energy in another area. Specifically, building energy reduction strategies without a holistic view starting from natural formation, may lead to the depletion of non-renewable geobiological sources (e.g. minerals, fossil fuels, etc.), which leaves a building with an isolated energy-efficient object. Therefore, to overcome the narrow outlook, this research discusses the total ecological impact of a building which embraces all process energy as well as environmental cost represented by emergy. A case study has been conducted to explore emergy-driven design work. In comparison with operational energy-driven scenarios, the results elucidate how energy and emergy-oriented decision-making bring about different design results, and quantify building components' emergy contribution in the end. An average-size ($101.9m^2$) single family house located in South Korea was sampled as a benchmark case, and the analysis of energy and material use was conducted for establishment of the baseline. Adoption of the small building is effective for the goal of study since this research intends to measure environmental impact according to variation of passive design elements (windows size, building orientation, wall materials) with new metric (emergy) regardless of mechanical systems. Performance simulations of operational energy were developed and analyzed separately from the calculation of emergy magnitudes in building construction, and then the total emergy demand of each proposed design was evaluated. Emergy synthesis results verify that the least operational energy scenario requires greater investment in indirect energy in construction, which clearly reveals that efficiency gains are likely to be overwhelmed by increment of material flows. This result places importance on consideration of indirect energy use underscoring necessity of emergy evaluation towards the environment-friendly building in broader sense.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2019

한국의 조선 산업은 대내외 환경 변화로 인해 심각한 위기 상황에 처해 있다. 이 위기를 극복하기 위해서, 선박 신수요 예측을 통한 제품 및 기술의 선제적 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구의 목표는 선박 신수요 예측을 위해 선박 빅데이터에 기반한 인공지능 알고리즘의 개발이다. 본 연구에서는 선박 수요 예측에 특화된 빅데이터 분석 플랫폼을 개발하고 데이터 분석을 통한 선박 신수요 예측 결과를 신제품 기획/개발에 활용하고자 한다. 이를 통해 장비 및 기자재 제조업체를 위한 지속 가능한 신사업 모델 개발로 조선소 및 선박 기자재 업체에 대한 신성장동력을 창출할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 조선 업체들은 측정 가능한 성과를 기반으로 비즈니스 사례를 창출하고 시장 지향적 인 제품과 서비스를 계획하며 높은 시장 파괴력을 가진 혁신을 지속적으로 달성 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.