• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.595-605
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe the perceived burden of the stroke patient's caregiver and related factors to analyze relationships between perceived burden and social supports. A convenient sample of 225 caregivers who take care for a stroke patient at home participated in this study. Caregiver's perceived burden was measured by the objective and subjective burden scale developed by Montgomery (1985). Related factors of burden were studied in terms of the patient's instrumental activties of daily living, cognitive function, caregiver's demographic variables and caregiver's illness intrusiveness. The results were as follows: (1) The mean of objective burden score was 4.5, and subjective burden score was 3.1. These scores show that caregivers perceive moderate level of burden. (2) Caregivers' objective burden was significantly related to caregivers's illness intrusiveness (r=.62), patient's IADL (r=-.33), and patient's cognitive function (r=-.15). The subjective burden was related to the caregiver's illness intrusiveness (r=.29), the patient's IADL (r=.24), and the caregiver's age(r=.23). (3) The percentage of stroke caregivers who perceived physical support was 49.1%. The percentage of those who perceived emotional support was 61.0%, and those who perceived financial support totaled 37.6%. (4) Caregivers who received any type of social supports perceived lower subjective burden, and caregivers who received physical or psychological support perceived lower objective burden. These results emphasized the necessity of a rehabilitation programs for stroke patients and support program for family caregivers.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of the perceptions and conditions of happiness between children and adolescents, and also of the perceptions of happiness according to their needs level of the conditions of happiness. There was a total of 649 participants, of which 405 were children and 244 were adolescents, all of whom were attending elementary school, middle school, or high school. The children and adolescents completed a questionnaire on the perceptions of happiness and the conditions of happiness which consisted of 57 (for children) or 58 (for adolescents) items. The results were as follows: First, children and adolescents both felt happy regarding the variables of 'flow', 'health and appearance', 'leisure' and 'interpersonal relations'. However, it was found that children felt happier than adolescents. Second, children and adolescents perceived achievement-related variables as important conditions of happiness. Additionally, variables of 'relations with parents and relatives' and 'positive emotions' were the conditions that children needed. However, adolescents rated the needs of the conditions of happiness higher than children. Lastly, children and adolescent groups who perceived the necessity of the conditions of happiness at a high level were found to be happier than those who perceived the necessity of the conditions of happiness at a low level. The findings have implications of providing educational, psychological and environmental support to improve the happiness of children and adolescents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.572-578
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to verify the impact of cognitive and emotional factors on artificial intelligence speakers on the intention of using artificial intelligence speakers. The method for this study was online surveys of people with physical disability. The recognition and necessity of artificial intelligence speakers were also identified, the perceived intimacy, joy, and intention to use them, and a multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to check the influence of each variable on the intention of the disabled to use artificial intelligence speakers. This study have shown that the perceived enjoyment of AI speakers in people with disabilities has shown a significant static effect on their intended use. However, the recognition and necessity of artificial intelligence speakers of the physically handicapped, as well as the perceived intimacy, do not have a statistically significant impact on the intention of using artificial intelligence speakers, according to the analysis. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to strengthen the elements of enjoyment in order to improve the intention of the disabled to use artificial intelligence speakers, and it is meaningful in that it provides basic data to develop artificial intelligence products and customized services for people with disabilities.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2021

The goal of this study is to investigate how YouTube use motivation such as perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment affect the compulsive YouTube usage and academic adjustment of college students. To this end, a research model was established and 113 response data obtained by conducting a questionnaire survey on college students in Seoul were used for structural model analysis. The results of this study can be summarized as following. First, perceived usefulness has a positive effect on academic adjustment. Second, compulsive YouTube usage has a negative effect on academic adjustment. Third, perceived enjoyment was identified as a factor that plays a role like pharmakon. The findings suggest the necessity of learning strategies that control the degree of perceived enjoyment as well as the instrumental use of perceived usefulness in order to improve the academic adjustment of college students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.104-114
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were to examine: 1) supporting activities of fashion brands for store-level visual merchandising(VM); 2) shop masters' attitude to VM supporting activities; 3) the differences in the perceived importance of VM, attitude to VM supporting activities, and shop masters' VM management by shop master characteristics; and 4) the influencing factors on shop masters' VM management. A total of 203 questionnaires collected from shop masters working for women's wear fashion brands were analyzed. Results revealed that VM manual was used most often as a VM supporting activity, and casual brands offered VM training and professional VM help more often than designer brands did. Shop masters' attitude toward necessity, participation and usefulness to VM supporting activities were related to each other as well as to the perceived importance of VM. There were differences in the perceived importance of VM and attitude to VM supporting activities by age and sales career and in the VM management by income. Brand knowledge, the perceived importance of VM, and participation to VM supporting activities affected VM management of shop masters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.254-268
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• 2024

Human agents are increasingly being replaced by chatbots. However, like humans, chatbots can also make mistakes in service delivery by failing to provide accurate answers to customer questions while research on service recovery has been highly focused on human employees. Recognizing the necessity of research on effective chatbot service recovery strategies, this study investigated the relationships among service recovery messages (courteous apology vs. humorous apology), perceived sincerity, recovery satisfaction, and continuous usage intention. An online experiment was conducted with the participants randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions (courteous apology vs. humorous apology). After using the chatbot developed for this study, the participants completed a questionnaire. The analysis results revealed that, in comparison to the humorous apology, the courteous apology had a higher positive predictive effect on perceived sincerity, Furthermore, perceived sincerity and recovery satisfaction sequentially mediated the relationship between the chatbot's courteous apology and continuous usage intention. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the courteous apology was a more effective approach as a chatbot service recovery strategy. This study offers insights into crafting recovery service messages for chatbots.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.129-150
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• 2023

Purpose - This study is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and aims to explore the decision-making mechanisms of consumers participating in value co-creation activities within virtual brand communities. Methodology - The research involved a comprehensive survey of 405 participants from various virtual brand communities. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for data analysis, applying SPSS and AMOS to test the hypotheses. The study focused on community rules and regulations, community experience and community trust. Results - The research found that community rules and regulations significantly impact subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, but not directly influence consumer attitudes. Community experience positively affected consumer attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Community trust was found to positively influence these aspects of consumer decision-making. However, a gap was identified in the direct influence of perceived behavioral control on actual consumer behavior. Implications - The findings of this study contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of factors affecting consumer behavior in virtual brand communities. It underscores the necessity for community managers to develop strategies that consider these internal decision-making mechanisms, facilitating more effective community engagement. The study also identifies a potential area for future research in the direct influence of perceived behavioral control on actual consumer behavior.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.255-274
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• 2024

Purpose: Non-Fungible Token (NFT) ART, based on NFT technology, represents a novel form of art that has recently garnered significant attention in the art market. NFT technology enables the assertion of ownership over digital data, introducing the concept of ownership into the digital realm. As digital data gains ownership, NFT ART is anticipated to be positively viewed as an investment and expected to become more active due to the characteristics of this new technology. Therefore, this study aims to verify the influence of NFT ART characteristics on perceived value. This study contributes to extracting the distinctive characteristics of NFT ART compared to other forms of art and to understanding the perceived value of NFT ART among consumers with purchasing experience. Methods: This study applied structural equation modeling to explore the relationships among the variables using SPSS 26.0 and R program version 4.2.3. A total of 320 questionnaires were retrieved, all of which were adopted as valid analytical samples without missing values. Results: The findings indicate that the decentralization, transparency, and scarcity of NFT ART positively influence the perceived usefulness and enjoyment among consumers, while security does not have a significant impact. This suggests that higher levels of decentralization, transparency, and scarcity in NFT ART enhance perceived usefulness and enjoyment for consumers, significantly influencing the perceived value. Furthermore, it was confirmed that these characteristics are considered important values and perceptions from the consumer's perspective. Conclusion: The research presents positive factors for the activating of purchases among consumers considering buying NFT ART. It emphasizes the necessity of benefits for all participants to activate the art market. Additionally, the perceived value provides crucial insights for inducing active purchasing behavior in the NFT ART market and serves as a foundational study for further research.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.210-219
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• 2003

Objectives : This study is to suggest a kind of guide line of dietary therapy in allergic diseases. Methods : We investigated frequency, symptoms and implicating foods of food allergy, and experience, methods, periods, results and necessity of dietary therapy of 49 patients with allergic diseases by using self-report questionnaires. The data were analyzed by SPSS／PC+ program using frequency, Chi-square test(p〈0.05) and Pearson correlation coefficient(p〈0.01). Results : 1. The frequency of food allergy was 49% and skin symptoms were the most common. 2. The most implicating foods were chicken, flour, milk, pork and egg in order. 3. 36.7% of patients had experienced dietary therapy and 47.4% of them had stated mild improvement. 4. Over 80% of patients perceived necessity of dietary therapy and there is significant correlation between necessity of dietary therapy and sum of food allergens(r=368). Conclusions : Dietary therapy is recommended as supplementary therapy in allergic diseases and it needs to be established based on the real conditions and Korean Oriental medical theory.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-78
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• 2014

As instances of private information leak increase, taking steps to protect such information becomes a necessity. In this study of public library patrons, we strove for a comprehensive understanding of library usage records to suggest viable solutions for private information safety in public libraries. To this end, we investigated the patrons' understanding of library usage records and determined the relationship between different user characteristics and privacy knowledge or leaks. The results show that a high number of patrons perceived these records as their own private information, but that there was no necessity for legal procedures or consent for the use of these records. Also, even though the understanding of these usage records showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of library visits and leaks of personal information, the correlation was not particularly strong.