• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.382-389
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• 2005

This study was conducted to establish the system of effective in vitro propagation by various explant sources culture of Bippeastrum hybridum Hort, 'Dazzler'. We tested the effects of optimal explant source, plant growth regulators on bulblet formation and plant regeneration. Callus was readily produced on the different tissues excised from floral buds whereas, bulbs and shoots were formed only on pedicel explants as compared with anthers, styles and ovaries. Pedicel is the best optimal explant for in vitro propagation. Two distinct pathways, organogenesis through callus and direct bulblet formation, could be recognized in pedicel culture. Up to the $80-100\%$ of bulblet formation and shoot organogenesis from the pedicel in fifteen days before anthesis were effectively induced by MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA. Plantlet regeneration was successfully achieved from pedicel-derived callus, via shoot bud induction or direct bulblet formation. The bulblets with blooming flower were produced within 2 years.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.2 s.143
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• pp.119-129
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• 2006

The antennal receptors of the adult male and female of the American leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae) was studied using the scanning electron microscopy. This antennal receptors were developed to accept the chemical or mechanical signal in the environment. The antennae of L. trifolii is 317.52 $\mu$m long and composed of the scape, pedicel, funicle, arista. Antennae located between compounds eye on the middle in the head. The result of SEM observation, four types of receptors were characterized and grouped into morphological classes: Trichoid, Basiconic, Coeloconic, Chetiform sensilla. Trichoid sensilla are located on the all segment. As a rule, female is more than male. This sensilla are long and slender hair with straight or slightly curved, and taper to a sharp point apically. Basiconic sensilla are observed only on the funicle. The number of basiconic sensilla in male and female are almost same in both sexes. This sensilla are long and thick hair with stright or slightly curved, and taper to a blunt point apically. Coeloconic sensilla are observed only on the funicle. This sensilla were showed a finger-like projections the peg apex. The number of basiconic sensilla in male and female are almost same in both sexes. Chetifarm sensilla are located on the all segment. This sensilla are needle-like, tapering sharply. Pedicel are more than scape. The number of Chetiform sensilla in male and female are almost same in both sexes.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.145-178
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• 2019

The genus Pseudostellaria (Caryophyllaceae) in Korea was investigated in order to clarify the taxonomic positions and scientific names among the species in this genus based on morphological characteristics. P. ${\times}$ bohyeonsanensis and P. ${\times}$ seoraksanensis share several characteristics (trichome on the sepal margin and midvein, five petals, and stem reclining to the ground after flowering) with P. davidii. P. ${\times}$ bohyeonsanensis, resulting from natural hybridization of P. davidii and P. okamotoi var. longipedicellata, has sterile fruit and a long pedicel (2.2-6.0 cm). P. ${\times}$ seoraksanensis, a natural hybrid of P. davidii and P. palibiniana var. palibiniana, has sterile fruit and a short pedicel (1.1-1.8 cm). P. okamotoi var. longipedicellata shares several characteristics (long pedicels of chasmogamic flowers that elongate to the ground when bearing fruit and cleistogamic flowers with a long pedicel) with the related taxa P. okamotoi var. okamotoi. P. okamotoi var. longipedicellata has slender root tubers, glabrous pedicels, and 5-9 petals. P. palibiniana var. gageodoensis is described from Gageodo Island. It is similar to P. palibiniana var. palibiniana having chasmogamic flowers at the stem terminal, 5-7 petals, and a short pedicel, but P. palibiniana var. gageodoensis is distinguished by 1-2 rows of trichomes on the pedicel, a large sepal size, a large petal size, and a branched stem at its base. P. ${\times}$ biseulsanensis, from a natural hybrid of P. heterophylla and P. okamotoi var. longipedicellata, has a solitary aerial stem, a chasmogamic flower at the stem terminal, a shallow marginate or bitten petal apex, one row of trichomes on the pedicel, and sterile fruit. P. ${\times}$ segeolsanensis, from a natural hybrid of P. palibiniana var. palibiniana and P. okamotoi var. okamotoi, is described from Segeolsan Mt. It has numerous aerial stems, a chasmogamic flower at the stem terminal, 1-2 rows of trichomes on the pedicel, and fertile fruit. Consequently, the genus Pseudostellaria in Korea has been classified into eight species, four hybrids, two varieties, and five forms.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.9
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• pp.1225-1229
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• 2018

The Drosophila auditory system consists of four large basal segments: the arista, the funiculus, the pedicel, and the scape. When an acoustic stimulus is applied to the arista and the funiculus their mechanical vibrations are transmitted to chordotonal neurons in Johnston's organ where mechanoelectric transduction arises. We study the mechanotransduction mechanism in the Drosophila auditory system by using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) and extracellular electrophysiology. We find that large and small peaks appear alternatively and that the antenna vibration is asymmetric depending on whether the pedicel and the scape are fixed. Interestingly, we find that this asymmetric vibration accompanies the alternating neural peak structure. Here, we propose a mathematical model to explain the alternating peak structure by using a model consisting of two opposing neurons that are modeled as strings. Generally, strings have tension only when they are elongated. This property allows the alternating neural peaks for asymmetric antenna motion.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.604-609
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• 2020

This study analyzed the antioxidant contents and activities of the pedicel and sepals from 12 colored cherry tomatoes ('Green Joy', 'TY Item', 'Dotori Red TY', 'TY Sispen', 'KT Orange TY', 'White Joy TY', 'Dotori Norang TY', 'Beta Tiny', 'Blacklin', 'KT Red TY', 'KT Norang TY', 'Black Joy 200') for their potential use as bioactive ingredients. 'Green Joy' had a significantly higher content of total flavonoids (92.55±3.20 mg CE/100 g FW), total phenolics (261.94±8.32 mg GAE/100 g FW), and total antioxidant activity than the other varieties. The main polyphenols were rutin, chlorogenic acid, and methyl gallate. For all 12 samples, the total flavonoids content was highly correlated with the total phenolics content and the total antioxidant activities. Non-edible parts of cherry tomato have high potential as functional food materials because they contain similar or more antioxidants and antioxidant properties than the pulp of tomato and cherry tomato or other fruits.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2024

A taxonomic examination of Zygophylax species collected from the subtidal zone of Seongsan Ilchulbong in the east of Jeju Island and a reexamination of the voucher specimens previously described as Z. biarmata were conducted. Through this study, the species previously reported as Z. biarmata in Korea was redescribed as Z. pacifica, and the specimens from Seongsan Ilchulbong were confirmed to be Z. biarmata. Zygophylax biarmata has two nematothecae on the apophysis of the hydrotheca, a clear distinction between the apophysis and the pedicel of the hydrotheca, and much smaller hydrothecae, whereas Z. pacifica has a single nematotheca on the apophysis of the hydrotheca, no distinction between the apophysis and the pedicel of the hydrotheca, and much larger hydrothecae. As a result of this study, a total of two species belonging to genus Zygophylax have been reported in the hydrozoan fauna of Korea to date.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2007

Cantharidin is produced by blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae) and smaller oedemerid beetles (Coleopetra: Oedemeridae) and is found in hemolymph and various tissues. The function of cantharidin in the courtship behaviour of meloids had never been fully established. Our studies show a correlation between density of cuticular pores and cantharidin titre of the scape and pedicel segments of male specimens of the East African species of Epicauta nyassensis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1880) (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Light microscopy of semi-thin cross sections of the male scape and pedicel indicates that there are many canal shaped structures that stretch from the antennal hemolymph to the antennomere surface. These structures may be tubules, which transport cantharidin circulating in the hemolymph to the surface, where the compound can be released via cuticular pore openings. Analyses of the head capsule and antennal segments of E. nyassensis females which had been copulated with males revealed low titre of cantharidin in the first two antennal segments. The density of the scape and pedicel pores of females was to some extent higher than the density of these pores on flagellum; however it was considerably lower than that of the males. Interestingly, no tubular cell or other transport structures were found in the cross sectioning of the female antennomeres or on the integument surface. During mating, male antennomeres, as well as cantharidin containing pores which are located on the $1^{st}\;and\;2^{nd}$ antennomeres, come into direct contact with the female antennae and may release cantharidin to their surface. Female E. nyassensis may be able to discriminate the opposite sex with abundant reserves of cantharidin prior to mating. This is another evidence that cantharidin function in close range sexual selection.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.427-431
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• 2006

In vitro high-frequency plant regeneration of Muscari comosum var. plumosum through somatic embryogenesis was obtained via two developmental pathways: direct embryos and multiple shoots regenerated from embryogenic callus. Flower bud with pedicel, receptacle, petal and ovary wall, floral stalk and leaf as explants were cultured in MS medium supplemented with various plant growth regulators. Embryos formed directly from pedicel, receptacle and floral stalk. Depending on explant sources, the optimal medium was MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L IBA and 0.3 mg/L BA, 3.0 mg/L IBA and 3.0 mg/L BA, and MS-free medium for pedicel, receptacle, and floral stalk, respectively. Multiple shoots regenerated from embryogenic cal]i which was initiated from petal, ovary and leaf were observed in MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of hormone. The most suitable medium for each type of explant was 3.0 mg/L IBA and 3.0 mg/L BA(petal and ovary) and 5.0 mg/L IBA and 5.0 mg/L BA (leaf) Furthermore, the combination of 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BA was also good for all sources of explants not only for direct embryo formation, but also, for embryogenic callus induction.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2008

It was revaluated about taxonomic position of Bupleurum latissimum Nakai (Apiaceae) by the cluster analysis, the principal component analysis, and the discriminant analysis. Its diagnostic characteristics include bracteole length longer than umbellules, 16-21 pedicel numbers, plant with evergreen leaves, chromosome number 2n = 16 and cauline leaves with auriculate base. It is morphologically similar to B. euphorbioides in having ovate bracteoles, 16-21 pedicel numbers, chromosome number 2n = 16, and cauline leaves with auriculate base, but distinguished from B. longiradiatum with having linear bracteoles, 7-15 pedicel numbers, and chromosome number 2n = 12. Morphological characters support that Bupleurum latissimum Nakai is a Korean endemic species.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 1995

Six African rice varieties, two each from three types having the characteristics of partially, irregularly, and completely developed abscission layers, were selected and grown 1） to investi-gate the histological differences during the formation and development of the abscission layers and 2） to evaluate the changes in the breaking tensile strength required to detach a grain from its pedicel dur-ing ripening period in relation with developmental stage of the abscission layers. In African rice, the panicle and spikelet grew rapidly from 15 days before heading and almost completely grown in length at five days before heading. The abscission regions were recognized at 15 days before heading. However, any apparently developed abscission layers were not recognized in the lemma side for partially developed abscission layers. A group of parenchymatous cells could be observed sporadically in the abscission layers of the lemma side for irregularly developed ab-scission layers. At ten days before heading, abscission layers consisting of one or two layers of parenchymatous cells were clearly distinguished from neighboring cells due to thickened and lignified cell walls. There were a number of individual parenchymatous cells scattered sporadically in the lemma side of partially developed abscission layers, and a number of grouped parenchymatous cells scattered randomly in the lemma side of irregularly developed abscission layers. At two weeks after heading, the grains became almost fully filled. The cracking of abscission layers between rachilla and pedicel was observed, and the breaking tensile strength required to detach a grain from its pedicel was as low as that at harvest time.