• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.155-161
• /
• 2000

Unfortunately, there is no technique which is stable and repetitive to produce transgenic chicken, although various ways of gene transfer including PGC-and embryonic cell-mediated gene transfer, DNA microinjection, virus inoculation and sperm cells have been employed. The aims of this study were 세 develop and establish such a stable, repetitive and efficient way of gene transfer giving a faithful gene expression during development after the reconstruction of embryo in an UV-irradiated egg. A dual reporter plasmid (pJJ9), a fusion gene containing lacZ and GFP driven by a CMV promoter was used to exploit either merits of both reporting markers. lacZ with strong signal or GFP with vital marking. Electroporated embryonic blastodermal cells (EBCs) in the presence of the pJJ9 DNA faithfully showed 377 bp PCR product and lacZ or GFP expressions in the identical cells in vitro of in vivo. Furthermore, analyses of expression pattern of the foreign DNA demonstrated that microinjected EBCs cells into the UV-irradiated recipient egg should participate in normal developmental process, for example, proliferation and differentiation into various tissues. Thirty percentages of the manipulated eggs showed lacZ expression in their tissues. These results together with the specific procedures used in this study should facilitate avian transgenesis.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 1981

A total of 250 enteric bacteria (148 Escherichia coli, 41 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 46 Enterobacter spp. and 15 Proteus spp.) isolated from bovine udder infections in 1979 through 1980 were examined for drug resistance and prevalence of R. plasmids. The drug tested were streptomycin (SM), kanamycin (KM), ampicillin (AP), chloramphenicol (CP), tetracycline (TC), gentamicin (GM), oxolinic acid (OA) and nalidixic acid (NA). The detection of R. plasmids was performed with Escherichia coli ML 1410 NAr as the recipient. Of the 148 Escherichia coli isolated, 68(45.9%) were found to be resistant to one or more drugs tested, and about 50% of the resistant strains were multiply resistant. of the 68 drugresistant strains, 13(19.1%) were found to carry R. plasmids which were capable of performing a conjugal transfer. CP resistance was transfered together with the other resistance. Of 41 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated, 90.2% were resistant to the drugs, alone or in combination thereof. Strains resistant to AP and TC were 63.4%, and 48.8%, respectively. R. plasmids were detected in 78.4% of the drug-resistant strains, and these strains transfered all or a part of their drug resistance pattern. AP and CP resistance were transfered in 100% of AP and CP-resistant strains. Eleven (37.9%) of 29 R. plasmids showed a thermosensitive transfer. Of the 46 strains of Enterobacter spp. isolated, 37(80.4%) were resistant to the drugs tested. A high percentage of resistance was noted for AP(65.2%). All strains resistant to four or more drugs transferred their resistances to Escherichia coli ML 1410, but strains resistant to three or fewer drugs did not transfer the resistances. All of the 15 Proteus strains isolated were resistant to more than two drugs. of them, 6 were quadruple resistance to SM, KM, CP and TC, and 9 were double one to AP and TC. Three (20.0%) of the drug-resistant isolates had R.plasmids conferring AP and TC resistance. GM, OA and NA of the drugs tested were very active to all of 250 Gram-negative enteric bacteria isolated from bovine udder infections.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2019

본 논문은 지구온난화로 인하여 수온이 상승되며 증가한 해파리의 피해를 감소하고자 연구를 진행하였다. 해수욕장에서 해파리의 등장은 해파리의 쏘임 사고로 인한 인명피해와 폐장으로 인한 경제적 손실이 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문은 선행 연구들로부터 해파리의 출현 패턴을 머신러닝을 통하여 예측 가능함 확인하였다. SVM을 이용한 해파리 출현 예측 모델 연구를 확대하여 진행하였다. 심층신경망을 이용하여 해파리 출현 유무 예측인 이진 분류에서 지수화 된 방법인 다중 분류로 확장하고자 하였다. 수집된 데이터의 크기가 작다는 한계점으로 인하여 84.57%라는 예측 정확도의 한계를 부트스트래핑을 이용하여 데이터 확장을 통해 해결하고자 하였다. 확장된 데이터는 원본 데이터보다 약 7% 이상의 높은 성능을 보여주었으며, Transfer learning과 비교하여 약 6% 이상의 좋은 성능을 보여주었다. 최종적으로 테스트 데이터를 통하여 해파리 출현 예측 성능을 확인한 결과, 해파리의 출현 유무를 예측할 시 높은 정확도로 예측이 가능함을 확인하였으나, 지수화를 통한 예측에서는 의미 있는 결과를 얻지 못하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제28권5D호
• /
• pp.735-740
• /
• 2008

고속철도역 환승센터에서 용량 및 서비스 수준(LOS)을 산정하기 위해 현재 인용하고 있는 설계지침은 도시철도역과 고속철도역간 동일하게 사용되고 있다. 하지만, 고속철도역의 이용자의 특성은 도시철도역의 이용자들과 현저하게 다르다. 대표적인 사례로, 고속철도 이용자들은 부피가 큰 소지품이나 교통약자를 동반하는 비율이 도시철도에 비해 높다. 이에 따라 고속철도역 환승시설의 규모는 도시철도역 환승시설의 규모보다 크게 책정되어야 한다. 고속철도역내 환승시설은 크게 보행이동시설과 환승편의시설로 대별할 수 있다. 고속철도역 이용자들의 특성을 반영하는 기법으로, 복합보행자, 복합대기자를 각각 캐리어 소지자, 백팩 소지자, 유아 동반자로 나누었다. 또한, 이들의 고유한 단순보행자 환산계수(PME : Pedestrian Moving Equivalent), 단순대기자 환산계수(PWE : Pedestrian Waiting Equivalent)를 개발 및 적용하여 고속철도역 환승시설의 새로운 용량 및 서비스 수준(LOS)을 제시하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제55권10호
• /
• pp.3775-3786
• /
• 2023

Mixing Vane Grid (MVG) is one of the most important structures in fuel assembly due to its high performance in mixing the coolant and ultimately increasing Critical Heat Flux (CHF), which avoids the temperature rising suddenly of fuel rods. To evaluate the mixing performance of the MVG, a Total Diffusion Coefficient (TDC) mixing coefficient is defined in the subchannel analysis code. Conventionally, the TDC of the spacer grid is obtained from the combination of experiments and subchannel analysis. However, the processing of obtaining and determine a reasonable TDC is much challenging, it is affected by boundary conditions and MVG geometries. In is difficult to perform all the large and costing rod bundle tests. In this paper, the CFD method was applied in TDC analysis. A typical 5 × 5 MVG was simulated and validated to estimate the mixing performance of the MVG. The subchannel code was used to calculate the TDC. Firstly, the CFD method was validated from the aspect of pressure drop and lateral temperature distribution in the subchannels. Then the effect of boundary conditions including the inlet temperature, inlet velocities, heat flux ratio between hot and cold rods and the arrangement of hot and cold rods on MVG mixing and TDC were studied. The geometric effects on mixing are also carried out in this paper. The effect of vane pattern on mixing was investigated to determine which one is the best to represent the grid's mixing performance.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제31권9_10
• /
• pp.1475-1486
• /
• 2007

This study aims to develop knitted ware design to meet desire to express diversity in the modern fashion design so that we designed knitted ware by applying african geometric pattern and color to suggest new knitted ware design. We collect data about african texture pattern through technical books, publications, internet, and preceding research and visit and investigate the African museum. We investigate knitted Jacquard texture through preceding research and collect sample and data which is insufficient in the data source. The conclusions in this study are summarized as follows: First, African textile pattern is formulated with animism based on their religious view of art for a basis and African regards nature like animal and plant as a motive and interprets nature in the so that they can create symbolized geometric features that constitute African texture pattern. Those patterns is composed of extremely geometric figures so that they we fit to apply for color jacquad knit design. Second, color knitted jacquad can be distinguished by knitting method and status of knitting as 7 kinds of techniques such as Nomal, Bird'eye, Floating, Tubular, Ladder's back, Blister, Transfer Jacquard, and as a result of preceding research and knitting texture directly, jacquard technique makes different texture under same condition like consistent spinning rate and same crochet hook. Third, Bird'eye Jacquard used generally to make knitted ware and Ladder's back Jacquard, Tubular Jacquard used to make knitted ware light are fit to apply them to 7GG and 12GG machines. We design a cloak as a outer garment, a coat shaped like one-piece dress and a coat with hood by using Tubular Jacquard which can make thick texture and design a jacket, a skirt and a one-piece dress by using Bird'eye Jacquard. we make a light and flimsy one-piece dress by using Ladder's back Jacquard. Fourth, we apply the contrast of $4{\sim}6$ color and line and the contrast of texture and raw material to jacquard in order to emphasize texture property and visual property.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제17권10호
• /
• pp.1507-1519
• /
• 2003

The two-phase flow patterns for both non-loop and loop type oscillating capillary tube heat pipes (OCHPs) were presented in this study. The detailed flow patterns were recorded by a high-speed digital camera for each experimental condition to understand exactly the operation mechanism of the OCHP. The design and operation conditions of the OCHP such as turn number, working fluid, and heat flux were varied. The experimental results showed that the representative flow pattern in the evaporating section of the OCHP was the oscillation of liquid slugs and vapor plugs based on the generation and growth of bubbles by nucleate boiling. As the oscillation of liquid slugs and vapor plugs was very speedy, the flow pattern changed from the capillary slug flow to a pseudo slug flow near the annular flow. The flow of short vapor-liquid slug-train units was the flow pattern in the adiabatic section. In the condensing section, it was the oscillation of liquid slugs and vapor plugs and the circulation of working fluid. The oscillation flow in the loop type OCHP was more active than that in the non-loop type OCHP due to the circulation of working fluid in the OCHP. When the turn number of the OCHP was increased, the oscillation and circulation of working fluid was more active as well as forming the oscillation wave of long liquid slugs and vapor plugs in the OCHP. The oscillation flow of R-142b as the working fluid was more active than that of ethanol and the high efficiency of the heat transfer performance of R -142b was achieved.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.825-835
• /
• 2019

터널 설계 시 조사를 통하여 지반을 여러 개의 등급으로 분류한 후 지보패턴표에 따라 해당 지보시스템을 적용하게 된다. 그러나 암반 등급을 기준으로 한 단순한 패턴 적용방식은 암반 등급 경계부에서 발생하는 종방향 응력 전이를 고려하지 못한다. 본 연구는 NATM 터널의 종방향 암반 등급 변화부에서 응력 변화를 추정하기 위한 3차원 수치해석을 실시하였으며 Influence Line (영향선) 및 Trend Line (경향선)을 이용하여 하중전이 영향권을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 터널 굴착방향으로 암반 등급이 하향 변화하면 등급변화 경계를 중심으로 강성이 약한 암반에서 강성이 큰 암반 방향으로 0.35~0.7D 범위에서 응력 전이가 발생하며 이를 고려하여 암반 등급의 종방향 하향 변화부에서는 연구결과의 0.35~0.7D 영향권을 감안하여 안전측으로 1.0D 정도의 하향패턴을 추가 적용하는 것이 필요하다.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.97-103
• /
• 2017

정규표현식 패턴 매칭을 고속으로 수행하기 위하여 하드웨어 기반의 정규표현식 매칭 회로들이 제시되었으며, 특히 보통 프로세서처럼 정규표현식에 대한 프로그램을 실행하여 패턴 매칭을 수행하는 정규표현식 프로세서가 제시되었다. 정규표현식 프로세서가 패턴 매칭을 수행하기 위해서는 명령어 메모리에 정규표현식 패턴에 대한 명령어가, 데이터 메모리에는 매칭 대상이 되는 데이터가 미리 저장되어야 한다. 정규표현식 프로세서를 호스트의 보조프로세서로 사용하려면 호스트에서 정규표현식 프로세서의 명령어 메모리와 데이터 메모리를 초기화하는 기능을 제공해야 하며 이를 위한 호스트 인터페이스가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 Altera사의 DE1-SoC 보드에서 호스트와 정규표현식 프로세서 간의 인터페이스를 설계하였고, 이를 사용하기 위한 응용 프로그램 인터페이스도 구현하였다. 응용 프로그램에서 응용프로그램 인터페이스를 사용하여 정규표현식 프로세서를 이용한 패턴 매칭을 수행하여 호스트 인터페이스의 동작을 확인하였다.

• Composites Research
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.68-73
• /
• 2003

Fragmentation 시험법과 전기저항 측정을 통하여 탄소 및 SiC 섬유강화 에폭시 복합재료의 계면물성과 섬유파단에 대한 전기적 감지능을 연구하였다. 섬유 함침 각이 증가함에 따라서 계면전단강도는 감소하였고, 섬유파단에 의한 전기저항도 값이 무한대로 증가하는 시간은 길어졌다. 높은 함침 각에서 전기저항도의 초기 기울기는 급격히 증가한 반면. 낮은 각에서는 점차적으로 증가하였다. 또한 낮은 함침각의 두 섬유 모두에서 stress whitening pattern을 뚜렷하게 관찰할 수 있었지만, 높은 함침 각에서는 그렇지 못했다. 섬유 함침 각이 감소함에 따라서 섬유 파단 간격과 debonding된 길이는 두 섬유 모두에서 증가하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 electro-micromechanical 시험법은 전도성 섬유강화 복합재료의 섬유 함침 각에 따른 계면 감지능 측정을 위해서 비파괴적 평가방법으로 실행 가능하였다.