• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.585-600
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• 2011

South Korean central government has launched the first comprehensive climate change policies in 1999, and they have been renewed every three year. The third policies ended in 2007. However, it is quite rare to analyze whether the climate change policies are effective against climate change. In this context, this paper aims at analyzing the effectiveness of climate change policy which was launched for seven years from 1999 to 2007 in South Korea. The effectiveness analysis of policy can be done in terms of the individual policy and/or all policies being synthesized as a comprehensive unit. Employing the latter methodology, this paper analyzed the effectiveness on the basis of economic growth as independent variable, greenhouse gas emission as dependent variable, and energy use and its process as intervening variable. Seven analytic indicators covering the three variables were selected on the basis of two points in time before and after climate change policy having been launched. The seven indicators were analyzed in terms of three aspects. They were the change in the state of each indicator, the effectiveness of climate change policy from 1999 to 2007, and the effectiveness process from 1999 to 2007. The effectiveness process was analyzed in terms of the relational context and its flow processing path. Economic growth was advanced remarkably with increase in the total consumption of energy. As a result, greenhouse gas emission increased. However, energy efficiency increased with significant decrease in energy intensity, carbon intensity, and energy elasticity. The expansion of new and renewable energy over total energy supply was not effective significantly on the decrease in greenhouse gas emission. The processing path of climate change policy being effective advanced toward increase in energy efficiency through energy intensity rather than toward sustainable development. Such a way of the effectiveness of climate change policy implies that most policies focused on adaptation rather than on mitigation.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2009년 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.103-103
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• 2009

As the size of containership increased over 14,000TEU, thick steel plate with high strength has been used. The plate thickness increased over 70mm and yield strength of the steel plate was around $47kg_f/mm^2$. Many researchers reported that the thick welded plate has low crack arrest toughness. They noticed the crack arrest ability is dependent on the plate thickness. In other words, brittle crack propagates straightly along the welded line and make abrupt fracture in the thick plate which causes low $K_{ca}$. In this study, the other factors, especially welding heat input, to cause low crack arrest toughness was investigated for thick steel plate welds. EH grade steel plates were used in this study and 50 to 80 thick plates were tested to confirm thickness sensitivity. Electro gas welding (EGW) and flux cored arc welding (FCAW) were adopted to prepare the welded joints. Temperature gradient ESSO test was performed to measure $K_{ca}$ values with the variation of welding variables. As a result of this study, regardless of plate thickness, welding heat input to cause welding residual stress around crack path is a key factor to control the brittle crack propagation in welded joints.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 지연 선로의 경로차를 이용하여 4~6 GHz의 연속파 신호를 감지하여 125 MHz의 해상도로 순시 주파수를 측정하는 순시 주파수 측정용 수신기를 설계 및 제작하였다. 수신기는 4 비트 지연 선로 구조를 가졌으며, 전력 분배기, 지연 선로, 전력 합성기, 전력 검파기, 비교기 등으로 구성되었다. 각각의 비트에 배정된 지연 선로의 주파수에 따른 경로 손실 차이를 보상하고, 전력 검파 특성의 주파수 의존성을 보정하기 위해 오프셋 전압 보상을 비교기에 적용하여 측정의 정확성을 향상시켰다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.724-735
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate relationship between delirium, risk factors on delirium, and patient prognosis based on Donabedian's structure-process-outcome model. Methods: This study utilized a path analysis design. We extracted data from the electronic medical records containing delirium screening data. Each five hundred data in a delirium and a non-delirium group were randomly selected from electronic medical records of medical and surgical intensive care patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and AMOS 24. Results: In the final model, admission via emergency department (Β=.06, p=.019), age over 65 years (Β=.11, p=.001), unconsciousness (Β=.18, p=.001), dependent activities (Β=.12, p=.001), abnormal vital signs (Β=.12, p=.001), pressure ulcer risk (Β=.12, p=.001), enteral nutrition (Β=.12, p=.001), and use of restraint (Β=.30, p=.001) directly affecting delirium accounted for 56.0% of delirium cases. Delirium had a direct effect on hospital mortality (Β=.06, p=.038), hospital length of stay (Β=5.06, p=.010), and discharge to another facility (not home) (Β=.12, p=.001), also risk factors on delirium indirectly affected patient prognosis through delirium. Conclusion: The use of interventions to reduce delirium may improve patient prognosis. To improve the dependency activities and risk of pressure ulcers that directly affect delirium, early ambulation is encouraged, and treatment and nursing interventions to remove the ventilator and drainage tube quickly must be provided to minimize the application of restraint. Further, delirium can be prevented and patient prognosis improved through continuous intervention to stimulate cognitive awareness and monitoring of the onset of delirium. This study also discussed the effects of delirium intervention on the prognosis of patients with delirium and future research in this area.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2016

Purpose - This study has the following objectives. First, it seeks to build an integrated model that can analyze the path through which headquarters, subsidiary competence, and knowledge transfer performance influence subsidiary performance. Second, it analyzes the influence of the specificity of technology as a moderating effect factor on knowledge transfer process. Third, it will conduct an empirical analysis on distributive manufacturing MNEs and suggests an implication for companies that actually need technological localization. The difference of this study are as follows. First, unlike the existing studies, this study can expand a theoretical discussion as it uses subsidiary performance as the dependent variable. Second, it sets the specificity of technology as a moderating effect factor, not an antecedent, and can draw a theoretical implication. Research design, data, and methodology - This study built a path analysis model to identify the influence of the disseminative capacity and absorptive capacity of distributive manufacturing MNEs on subsidiary performance. Based on the previous studies, it set 19 items as 5 latent variables, and established 6 hypotheses by including the moderating effect of the specificity of technology between them. The final 203 companies were selected as analysis samples through a survey questionnaire. For empirical analysis, the study used PLS (Partial Least Square) that is based on structural equation model. Results - The empirical analysis result demonstrated that both headquarters' disseminative capability and subsidiaries absorptive capacity had a positive influence on knowledge transfer performance. Knowledge transfer performance also had a positive influence on subsidiary performance. In the analysis of moderating effect, the specificity of technology acted as a significant moderating variable only between knowledge transfer performance and subsidiary performance; it did not show a statistically significant moderating effect among disseminative capability, absorptive capacity, and knowledge transfer performance. Conclusions - The empirical analysis results of this study demonstrate the importance of disseminative capability and absorptive capacity in knowledge transfer to subsidiaries from the distributive manufacturing MNEs in Korea. The analysis on the moderating effect indicates that the specificity of technology in Korean companies influences on the process of making achievement by using the transferred knowledge.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2021

The use of additive manufacturing processes for the repair and remanufacturing of mechanical parts has attracted considerable attention because of strict environmental regulations. Directed energy deposition (DED) is widely used to retrofit mechanical parts. In this study, finite element analyses (FEAs) were performed to investigate the influence of the substrate phase and inclination angle on the heat transfer characteristics in the vicinity of Hastelloy X regions deposited via DED. FE models that consider the bead size and hatch distance were designed. A volumetric heat source model with a Gaussian distribution in a plane was adopted as the heat flux model for DED. The substrate and the deposited powder were S45C structural steel and Hastelloy X, respectively. Temperature-dependent thermal properties were considered while performing the FEAs. The effects of the substrate phase and inclination angle on the temperature distributions and depth of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the vicinity of the deposited regions were examined. Furthermore, the influence of deposition paths on depths of the HAZ were investigated. The results of the analyses were used to determine the suitable phase and inclination angle of the substrate as well as the appropriate deposition path.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제27권spc호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2022

When subsurface is polluted, contaminants tend to migrate through groundwater flow path. The groundwater flow path is highly dependent upon underground geological structures in the contaminated area. Geophysical survey is an useful tool to identify subsurface geological structure. In addition, geophysical logging in a borehole precisely provides detailed information about geological characteristics in vicinity of the borehole, including fractures, lithology, and groundwater level. In this work, surface seismic refraction and electrical resistivity surveys were conducted in a test site located in Namyangju city, South Korea, along with well logging tests in five boreholes installed in the site. Geophysical data and well logging data were collected and processed to construct an 3D geological map in the site.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.583-599
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• 2022

OECD는 저밀도 경제 논의에서 저밀도 지역의 경제 성장이 금융위기 이 후 회원국들의 국가 경제 회복을 견인했음을 밝혔다. 이 연구에서는 저밀도 경제 논의에 기초하여, 우리나라 주변부 지역의 산업 성장 추이와 공간적 특성을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 농림어업 등 주변부 지역에 입지하는 전통적인 산업 외에도 국가적으로 성장하는 제조업, 서비스업 부문의 성장이 주변부 지역에서 나타났다. 기존 지역 산업의 다각화와 전환을 통해 새롭게 산업이 집적하는 지역도 출현했다. 주변부 지역에 입지한 기업들은 지역의 불리함을 극복하기 위해 외부 지역, 주로 광역권 단위의 공간 연계를 형성하는 것으로 확인되었다. 주변부 지역의 새로운 산업 출현은 농어촌, 인구감소 지역 등 낙후 지역의 자생적 발전 가능성을 보여준다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 주변부 지역의 산업 육성을 위해, 기존 지역산업의 다각화를 지원하기 위한 정책 추진, 유연한 공간 단위 설정, 정책 부문 간 연계 등의 시사점을 도출하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.833-838
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• 2014

The energy- and time-dependent branching to the competing dissociation paths are studied by theory for coupled unimolecular dissociations of the o-, m-, and p-chlorotoluene radical cations to $C_7{H_7}^+$ (benzylium and tropylium). There are four different paths to $C_7{H_7}^+$, three to the benzylium ion and one to the tropylium ion, and all of them are coupled together. The branching to the multiple paths leads to the multiexponential decay of reactant with the branching ratio depending on both internal energy and time. To gain insights into the multipath branching, we study the detailed kinetics as a function of time and internal energy on the basis of ab inito/RRKM calculations. The number of reaction steps to $C_7{H_7}^+$ is counted for each path. Of the three isomers, the meta mostly goes through the coupling, whereas the para proceeds with little or no coupling. In the beginning, some reactants with high internal energy decay fast to the benzylium ion without any coupling and others rearrange to the other isomers. Later on all three isomers dissociate to the products via long-lived intermediates. Thus, the reactant shows a multiexponential decay and the branching ratio varies with time as the average internal energy decreases with time. The reciprocal of the effective lifetime is taken as the rate constant. The resulting rate-energy curves are in line with experiments. The present results suggest that the coupling between the stable isomers is thermodynamically controlled, whereas the branching to the product is kinetically controlled.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.496-502
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• 2006

최근에 CAD 툴의 비약적인 발전으로 인하여 대부분의 디지털 회로들은 VHDL 언어를 사용하여 설계된다. 그리고 IC 공정기술의 발달에 따라 하나의 칩에 많은 회로를 포함할 수 있으므로 VHDL 코드의 크기가 방대해져 이에 대한 검증(verification)은 칩 설계에 있어서 어렵고, 많은 시간을 소모하는 과정이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 SoC용 IP 사이에서 발생할 수 있는 자원충돌과 프로토콜의 오류를 검증하는 새로운 방법을 제시한다. VHDL 모델의 블록 또는 SoC용 IP 사이에서 발생할 수 있는 상위레벨 고장을 정의하고 분류하고, 하위 레벨 검증(low-level code verification)에 사용되는 검출률 측정 법을 사용하여 IP사이에서 발생하는 데이터 충돌과 프로토콜 또는 알고리즘의 오류를 검증하는 방법을 제안한다.