• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.435-438
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• 1997

Twelve newborn goat kids born of philippine does (3.5 and 5 years old) were used in this study. Four mother (candidate) doe goats were randomly allocated to each group. The mother does were infected orally with three levels (0, 15,000 and 30,000 larvae) of infective Haemonchus contortus larvae. Before infection all animals were housed in individual pens with concrete floors. They were provided with a uniform management. Estrus of does were synchronized using PGF2 alpha. All the animals were bred naturally by the same buck. Baby goat born of infected mother goats were divided into three groups. $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$), respectively, from mother treatment groups. Birth weight and growth of goat kids born from H. contortus infected mother goats were determined. Birth weights of kids of $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$ were 1.9, 1.5 and 1.2 kg, respectively. No significant (p > 0.05) differences in birth weight of kids for the 3 treatment groups were found. However, significant (p < 0.05) effects of stomach worm infection and duration of infection on liveweight gain of kids were observed. After second and third week of birth, respectively, the kids of groups 3 and 2 registered lover liveweight gains than the kids in control group. However, no significant (p > 0.05) difference in liveweight gain was found between the kids of infected mother does. Fecal egg counts of the infected mother does showed patent infections which also indicated by postmortem worm counts. However, no worm egg was found in the feces of the test kids.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.650-655
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• 1994

The author analyzed 99patients with VSD weighting less than 10kg of body weight who underwent surgical correction from 1981 to 1992 at cardiovascular department of Hanyang University hospital. Patients occupied 29.3% of total cases who were underwent surgical corrections for congenital heart diseases during that time. Of the 99 patients, 51 patients were male [52%] and 48 patients[48%] were female. Age ranged from 28 days to 36 months with mean age of 13.6 months. Mean body weight was 7.53kg. According to Kirklin`s anatomical classification, type II defect was most common [61.6%]. Associated anomaly was found in 48 patients [48.5%]. Patent foramen ovale was most commonly associated cardiac anomaly [14.1%] and followed by atrial septal defect [12.1%], patent ductus arteriosus [10.1%]. Cardiac catheterization data were analyzed. The most common range of Qp/Qs, Rp/Rs, Pp/Ps were above 3.0, 0.1 - 0.25, and above 0.75 respectively. Among the indications of surgical correction, there were pulmonary hypertention in 69 patients, congestive heart failure in 44 patients, frequent respiratory infection in 47 patients, growth retardation in 33 patients. The most common surgical approach and method for VSD closure were right atriotomy[48.3%] and dacron patch closure[93.3%]. Complication rate was 13.1% [13 cases], and overall mortality was 17.1% [17 cases]. The cause of death consisted of low cardiac output syndrome[11 cases], acute renal failure[3 cases], sepsis[2 cases] and pulmonary insufficiency[1 case] in order of frequency.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.510-517
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• 1988

With the ligation of a patent ductus arteriosus by Gross in 1938, surgeons first entered the field of congenital heart disease, and treatment of the patent ductus is representative of the rapid advance made in thoracic surgery in the last 40 years. We have had clinical experiences about 36 cases of this in the department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje medical college from March 1891 to June 1987. And the results were summarized as follows. 1. There were 11 males, 25 females. The age range of the patients were from 8 months to 36 years with the mean age of 7.9 years. 2. The chief complaints of the patients on admission were frequent URI[50%], dyspnea on exertion[29.8%], chest pain[11.1% k 1%], growth retardation[2%], cough[2.8%], anorexia[2.8%]. But there were 11 patients[30.6%] having no subjective symptoms. 3. In auscultation, the usual continuous machinery murmur was noticed in 30 patients[83.3%], only systolic murmur in 6[16.7%]. 4. In the preoperative chest P-A views, there were noticed cardiomegaly in 20 cases, enlarged pulmonary conus and / or pulmonary plethora in 22 patients[61.1%]. 5. In the preoperative EGG findings, there were noticed pattern of LVH in 8 patients[22.2`], RVH in 2[5.6%], BVH in 4[11.5%] and normal in 19[52.89o]. 6. The size of PDA[mean] was 9.5 mm[length] and 8.8 mm[width], the range of length was from 4 to 29 mm and the range of width was from 4 to 18 mm. 7. There were noticed 6 cases which were combined with other anomalies[VSD in 2 cases, Coarctation of aorta in 2, Mitral regurgitation in 1, and AP window in 1]. 8. On operation, simple ligation of the ductus was performed in 30 cases[83.3%], division and suture-ligation in 5[13.9%]. 9. Postoperative complications were noticed in 4 cases[pneumonia in one case, wound infection or disruption in 3], but there were no mortality.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2019

뎅기 바이러스는 대표적인 모기-매개 바이러스로, 전 세계 인구의 약 절반에 가까운 인구가 감염 위험에 노출되어 있다. 뎅기 바이러스는 뎅기열과 같은 비교적 경미한 증상을 나타내지만, 적절한 치료를 받지 않을 경우 치사율이 20%가 넘는 뎅기 출혈열 및 뎅기 쇼크 증후군과 같은 심각한 증상을 유발하기도 한다. 뎅기 바이러스 검출을 통해 감염 여부를 조기에 진단한다면 치사율을 1% 미만으로 낮출 수 있는 것으로 보고되고 있기 때문에, 뎅기 바이러스 검출기술의 개발이 매우 중요한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 특허 5대 강대국인 한국 미국 유럽 일본 중국을 대상으로 뎅기 바이러스 검출기술 및 뎅기열 진단기술과 관련된 특허문헌 검색을 수행하였다. 검색된 특허문헌으로부터 관련도가 높은 유효 특허문헌 69건을 대상으로 국가별 연도별 특허권자별 정량분석을 수행하였으며, 모든 특허문헌을 검토하여 유전자 검출 기반의 분자진단, 단백질 검출 기반의 면역진단, 세포배양법을 통한 진단 등의 3가지 분류로 나누어 정성분석을 수행하였다. 이를 종합하여 뎅기 바이러스 검출기술 및 뎅기열 진단기술 관련 특허동향을 파악하였으며, 현재 수준에서의 분자진단과 면역진단의 특징 및 한계점을 분석하였다. 더 나아가 한계점을 극복하기 위한 기술개발 방향과 앞으로의 전망에 대해 논의하였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.559-567
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• 1994

As a series of studies to investigate the effect of immunosuppression on Ascaris suum infection in undefinitive hosts, and a delicate relationship between host and parasite, in the present studies, SPF ICR mice were alloted to experiment 1(normal undefinitive host group) and experiment 2(immunosuppressive group treated with prednisolone acetate) and inoculated with a single dose of 1,100 embryonated A suum eggs. In normal group, the infection essentially terminates 4 days after inoculation(DAI) with the attainment of middle third-stage in the liver, although few larvae migrate to the lungs where a few advance to late third stage. In immunosuppressive group, significant numbers developed to late third-stage in liver 8 DAI. In general, increasing of the mast cells and the goblet cells in the jejunum mucosa, of T-cells in the spleen and of activity of peritoneal macrophages followed by expulsion of the worms in the both groups. Considering a series of the results, suitabilities for the host of the worm appeared the highest from rabbit, hamster and mouse in that order. In addition, patent infection of A suum in the mice was also not obviously observed in spite of immunosuppression by prednisolone acetate.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2005

목 적 요막관 기형은 증상이 없는 경우 발견하기 힘든 드문 질환으로 유형에 따라 다양한 임상 양상을 보이며 적절한 진단과 치료가 지연되는 경우는 농양이나 복막염, 드물게는 결석 형성과 악성 종양으로 이행될 수 있다. 그러나 균일한 지침의 부족으로 진단과 치료에 어려움이 따르는 경우가 많았다. 이에 저자들은 울산 동강병원에서 치료한 14례의 환자를 분석하여 이 질환의 진단과 치료에 도움이 되고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 . 1996년 1월부터 2005년 6월까지 울산 동강병원에서 치료한 20세 미만의 환자 14례를 대상으로 이들의 의무 기록을 검토하여 성별 및 연령별 분포, 기형의 유형, 임상 증상, 진단 방법, 동반 기형, 치료 방법, 합병증 등을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 14명의 환아 중 남아와 여아는 각각 7명씩이었으며 평균연령은 3.8세였다. 요막관 낭종이 6례로 가장 많았으며 요막관 개존이 4례, 요막관 게실과 요막관동이 각각 2례씩 조사되었다. 동반 질환으로는 수신증이 4례로 가장 많았으며 서혜부 탈장 1례와 방광-요관 역류 1례가 관찰되었다. 진단을 위한 일차 검사로 고해상도 초음파 검사가 13례, 전산화 단층촬영이 1례에서 시행되었고 모든 환아에서 일차 검사로 기형의 유형이 확인되었다. 모두 9례에서 외과적 절제술이 시행되었으나 신생아기에 발견된 6례 중 5례는 추적 관찰을 통해 자연 소실을 확인할 수 있었다. 결 론 : 저자들은 기형에 대한 일차 검사로 고해상도 초음파 검사를 통해 용이하게 진단할 수 있었으나 정확한 유용성을 알기 위해서는 추후 다른 진단 방법과의 비교 조사가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 치료 전 동반 가능한 비뇨기계 및 위장관계 질환에 대한 정확한 평가가 필요하며 신생아기에 진단된 요막관 기형인 경우는 외과적 절제보다는 면밀한 추적 관찰이 우선되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.106-111
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• 1987

Twenty eight patients with atrial septal defect operated on from May, 1983, to July, 1986 at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. Among the 28 patients of atrial septal defect, 8 were male and 20 were female. Their ages ranged from 4.6 years to 52.5 years old with the mean of 15.3 years. The main clinical symptoms on admission were exertional dyspnea [82%], frequent respiratory infection [75%], palpitation [54%] and easy fatigability [25%]. Electrocardiographic findings were as follows: Regular sinus rhythm [100%], RVH [54%], RBBB [25%] and first degree of A-V block [4%]. Hemodynamic studies were performed in all cases and mean pulmonary systolic arterial pressure was 34.1*11.8mmHg. and mean Qp/Qs was 2.6*0.9. All 28 patients were operated under direct vision using extracorporeal circulation. 23 cases were secundum type defect and a single hole was found in 22 cases. The associated cardiovascular anomalies were found in 11 patients: ventricular septal defect in 3, patent ductus arteriosus in 1, partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in 2, mitral regurgitation in 2, tricuspid regurgitation in 1, anomalous left atrial septation in 1 and valvular pulmonary stenosis in 1. The defect closed directly in 22 cases and with patches in 6 cases. Postoperative complications were wound infection, arrhythmia bleeding, intracardiac patch detachment, pneumothorax and urethral injury. But there was no operative mortality.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2005

Failure of the urachus to regress completely results in anomalies that may be classified as patent urachus, urachal sinus, urachal cyst and bladder diverticula. The presenting symptoms of children with urachal anomalies are variable and uniform guidelines for diagnosis and treatment are lacking. The purpose of this study was to analyze our experience and develop conclusions regarding the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of urachal anomalies. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 32 patients who were admitted for urachal anomalies from March 1995 to February 2005. The age distribution of these patients at presentation ranged from 1 day to 14 years old (median age 1 month). There were 20 boys and 12 girls. The 32 cases comprised 13 cases of urachal sinus (40.6 %), 10 urachal cyst (31.3 %), and 9 patent urchus (28.1 %). In 30 patients ultrasonography was used for diagnosis and 2 patients with patent urachus were explored without using a diagnostic method. Twenty-three patients were confirmed by ultrasonography alone and 7 patients were examined using additional modalities, namely, computed tomography for 2 patients with an urachal cyst, magnetic resonance imaging for 1 patient with an urachal cyst, and fistulography for 3 patients with an urachal sinus. The presenting symptoms were umbilical discharge (14 patients), umbilical granuloma (8), abdominal pain and fever (3), fever (3), abdominal pain (2), and a low abdominal mass (2). Excision was performed in 29 patients, and 3 patients were conservatively managed. Urachal anomalies in children most frequently presented in neonates, and the most common complaint was umbilical discharge with infection. Urachal anomalies can be diagnosed by a physical examination and an appropriate radiographic test. Ultrasound was the most useful diagnostic method. Complete surgical excision of an urachal anomaly is recommended to avoid recurrence, and the rare development of carcinoma.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.127-134
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• 1994

As a series of studies to investigate the effect of immunosuppression on Ascaris suum infection in undefinitive hosts, a delicate relationship between host and parasite, in the present studies golden hamsters were alloted to experiment 1(normal undefinitive host group) and experiment 2(immunosuppressive group treated with prednisolone acetate) and inoculated with a single dose of 1,500 embryonated Ascaris suum eggs. The recovery rates, sizes and features of the larvae and immunological responses in the hamsters were chronologically monitored according to somatic migration. In both experiments, the larvae failed to develop into the adults, but the more and larger larvae were observed for a longer period from experiment 2 in comparison with experiment 1. The numbers of the mast cells in the small intestinal mucosa and mesenteric lymph nodes, of the goblet cells in the small intestinal mucosa and of T-cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes, spleens and cardiac blood from experiment 2 were fewer than those from the experiment 1. In general, increasing of these cells followed by expulsion of the worms in the both groups. Profound leukopenia due to lymphopenia was found through trial period in experiment 2. Considering the experimental results, development or expulsion mechanism of somatic migrant larvae may be related to lymphopenia and temporary increasing tendency of the mast cells, the goblet cells and T-cells. In addition, patent infection of A suum in the hamsters was not obviously observed in spite of immunosuppression by prednisolone acetate.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2017

Objectives: To test the feasibility of submandibular salivary gland (SMG) replantation techniques and the survival of the replanted glands. Such a study can provide a rationale for later allotransplantation procedures, along with implementation of conventional and advanced immunosuppression therapy. Materials and Methods: Six SMG replantations were performed in New Zealand white rabbits. One week postoperatively, $^{99m}Tc$ scintigraphy was performed and the uptake ratio and salivary excretion fraction were calculated. Two to four weeks later, submandibular glands were excised, fixed, and stained with H&E for histomorphometric evaluation. Results: Intraoperatively, all glands showed patent blood perfusion except gland 5. Positive tracer uptake and saliva excretion were documented by scintigraphy. On excision, all of the glands except glands 4 and 5 looked viable, with a red color and patent pedicles. Gland 4 was infected and filled with creamy pus, while gland 5 looked pale and necrotic. Histologically, glands 1, 2, 3, and 6 had preserved normal glandular tissue with slight variations from the contralateral normal glands, as their parenchyma was composed of mildly atrophic acini. Conclusion: Four out of six replanted SMGs successfully survived. The glands maintained good viability and function. Such success depends on safe harvesting, short anastomosis time, and strict control of infection.