• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the lexical-semantic structure of morphologically derived passive verbs in Korean based on Pustejovsky (1995)'s Generative Lexicon Theory (GL) and to explain the change of the root verb's lexical-semantic structure by means of passivization. Passivization in this paper is defined as the unaccusaztivization. In Argument Structure of derived passive verbs, the agent argument is deleted and the theme argument is realized as a syntactic subject. As for Event Structure, derived passives express left-headed event (achievement), whereas their roots denote right-headed event (accomplishment). In Qualia Structure, passive verbs and root ones have the same Fomal Role, but in Agentive Role of passive verbs, an act weakens to a process. Both Formal and Agentive Roles have the same theme argument.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.211-225
• /
• 2001

The prepositional object (PO) of an active sentence in English can sometimes be passivized, becoming the subject of the corresponding passive sentence. In particular, the verb (V) and preposition (P) in the English prepositional passive (P-Passive) are assumed to be reanalyzed to form a single structural unit, giving the status of a verbal object to the PO to be passivized. However, not every V+P sequence can undergo reanalysis, permitting the passivization of POs. Thus, we have to explain what licenses the reanalysis of V and p. resulting in an acceptable P-Passive sentence. In this paper, I will identify the factors which determine the passivization possibilities of POs and explain how they interact with one another. The results of this study will illustrate how formal and functional factors work together to form a major syntactic construction and to determine its grammaticality and acceptability.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.9 no.spc
• /
• pp.209-222
• /
• 2003

Transitive relation and its directionality constitute the precondition for passivization, and the present study purports 10 unearth the true properties of transitivity in connection with the passive phenomena. The bottom line it drives at is this transitivity is a notion that can be best explained in 'cognitive' terms. The original direction of transitivity that is predicated by a verb can be reversed depending on the speaker's intention or the discourse situation. In the imperfective verb constructions transitivity can not be derived from only the content of the sentence itself and the predicate objectionally. That depends on the subjective interpretation of speaker considering the cognitive prototype of human to the various complicated situations.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.145-162
• /
• 2001

The operation Move is defined in Chomsky (1999, 2000) as a composite operation consisting of three components: Agree, Identify and Merge, taking Agree as a necessary condition for Move. Therefore, I call this definition of Move as the Agree-based Move. In this paper, I argue that the Agree-based approach to Move cannot be maintained; I claim that the Selection-based approach to Move, in which the EPP-feature is analyzed as an s-selectional property of a head, offers a more natural account of the sentences under consideration. I believe that the three components of Move as defined in (6) happen to co-occur in the derivation of certain sentences, as the composite transformation called Passivization does in the derivation of a passive sentence like “the city was destroyed by the enemy.” On the basis of these observations, I conclude that Agree and Move should be regarded as separate computational operations; the task of Agree is to erase uninterpretable features of both probe and goal, and that of Move is to satisfy the EPP-feature, which should be taken as an s-selectional feature.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
• /
• v.1 no.4
• /
• pp.651-671
• /
• 2001

There are several English constructions in which a certain constituent appears to the left of its canonical position, typically sentence-initially, leaving its canonical position empty. Such constructions involve Left-dislocation and Y-movement. These operations are called ‘Preposing.’ The preposed constituent of such constructions is generally regarded as the topic of the sentence which involves that constituent. Topics must have at least two features; ‘aboutness’ and ‘givenness.’ The feature ‘aboutness’ defines the range of comment, and the feature ‘givenness’ means ‘informationally old or given.’ The purpose of this paper is to show that the function of Preposing is to reinforce the aboutness of the preposed constituent of a sentence and that most preposed constituents have givenness. We examined Preposing for this purpose. Tough-movement and Passivization were examined also, because they have characteristics informationally similar to those of Preposing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.205-216
• /
• 2002

ECM across a CP in Korean poses difficulties from the standpoint of the locality of A-movement/agreement. A phase-based analysis is developed which requires two steps: (i) in the embedded CP, VP/VP containing its VP-internal subject first moves to Spec-CP, which renders the subject accessible to the matrix v, in accordance with Chomsky's Phase Impenetrability Condition; (ii) ECM takes place in a local relation between the matrix v and the embedded subject. It is shown that the otherwise puzzling fact that ECM across a CP, but not Passivization across a CP, is affected by the type of the embedded verb in Korean is accounted for in a principled way, based on the assumption that CP and CP, but not TP and VP, are phases.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.10 no.4 s.36
• /
• pp.181-189
• /
• 2005

Due to grammatical similarities, even a one-to-one mapping between Korean and Japanese morphemes can usually result in a high quality Korean-to-Japanese machine translation. So most of Korean-to-Japanese machine translation are based on a one-to-one mapping relation. Most of Korean '-hada' verbs, which consist of a noun and '-hada', also correspond to Japanese '-suru' verbs, which consist of a noun and '-suru', so we generally use one-to-one mapping relation between them. However, the applications only by one-to-one mapping may sometimes result in incorrect Japanese correspondences in some cases that Korean 'hada' verbs don't correspond to Japanese 'suru' verbs. In these cases, we need to handle a noun and '-hada' as one translation unit. Therefore, this paper examined the characteristics of Korean '-hada' verb and proposed transfer rules of Korean 'hada' verb, applying for various states of input sentences such as discontinuity due to inserted words between a noun and '-hada', passivization, and modification of '-hada' verb. In an experimental evaluation, the proposed method was very effective for handling '-hada' verb in a Korean-to-Japanese machine translation, showing high quality of translation results.