• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.373-377
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• 2009

It is well known that SOx and NOx concentration has a considerable influence on the $N_2O$ emission of the greenhouse gas properties. The quantity of SOx generated during combustion, on fuel specific basis, is directly related to the sulfur content of the fuel oil. However, restricting the fuel oil sulfur content is only a partial response to limiting the overall quantity of SOx emissions, as there remains no over control on the fuel oil consumption other than the commercial pressure which have always directed the attention. This study was carried out as a new basic experiment method of emission control, manly targeted to the vessel. In the experiment, where the scrubbing was achieved through spray tower with high alkaline water made from the electrolysis of seawater, the combined action was to neutralize the exhaust gases (SOx, PM, CO etc.), dilute it, and wash it out. The results showed that SOx reduction of around 95 percent or over could be achieved when using in the high alkaline water, and also leaded to a reduction in the stability of the each pollutant components including the PM (Particulate Matter). The results suggest that the seawater electrolysis method has a very effective reduction of emissions without heavy cost, or catalysts particularly on board.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.965-968
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• 2007

Two major parameters, i.e. carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and particulate matters smaller than $10{\mu}m\;(PM_{10})$, were selected as the index pollutants in managing indoor air quality. The former pollutant, $CO_2$, is the index that shows the ventilation status and is exhaled by passengers when they breathe in train or subway. It is generally known that high $CO_2$ concentration in the vehicle may be decreased by insufficient air-tightening vehicle bodies and the air is ventilated when vehicles stop at the station and doors open. However, there is no established proof or quantitatively identified data on how much the $CO_2$ concentration is reduced when ventilation is done while doors are opened. In this study, $CO_2$ concentrations were measured in 6 lines of Korail and one line of Seoul Metro subway linesand a theoretical approach was takento predict the changing trend of $CO_2$ concentrations during the operation of vehicle by using $CO_2$ dilution factor through natural ventilation. As a result, the change could be quantified and it was found that app. 35% of indoor $CO_2$ was removed through natural ventilation.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.265-274
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• 1992

하천에 사고로 대량으로 유입된 유독성 유기오염물인 anthracene의 농도를 예측하기 위한 수학적 모형이 제안되었다. 이 수학적 모형은 물리적, 화학적 및 생물학적 반응을 고려한 6개의 미분방정식으로 구성되어 있으며, 5개의 입력변수와 9개의 반응계수를 포함하고 있다. 주어진 조건하에 제안된 수학적 모형을 대상으로 dynamic simulations와 민감도 분석을 수행한 결과 유입된 이 오염물의 농도를 검출한계내로 예측이 가능하였고, 용존 빛 부유고형물에 흡착된 이 오염물의 농도변화에 가장 큰 영향을 주어 가장 정확히 추정하여야할 주요 반응계수는 확산계수와 이동계수 및 흡착계수이었다. 이 연구에서 제안된 수학적 모형은 anthracene 뿐만아니라 이와 유사한 화학적 특성의 유기오염물의 경우에도 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.281-290
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• 2004

The main purpose of this study was to characterize the air pollutants emission factors in electric power plant (EPP) using fossil fuels. The electric power plant is a major air pollution source, thus knowing the emission characteristics of electric power plant is very important to develop a control strategy. The major air pollutants of concern from EPP slacks are particulate matter (PM), sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and heavy metals. Throughout the study, the following results are estimated - PM : 8.671E-05 ∼ 8.724E+01 PM emission (kg) per fuel burned (ton) - SOx : 4.149E-04∼7.877E+01 SOx emission (kg) per fuel burned (ton) - NOx 1.578E-02∼9.857E+00 NOx emission (kg) per fuel burned (ton) - CO : 3.800E-04∼1.291E+00 CO emission (kg) per fuel burned (ton) - Hg : 1.220E+01∼3.108E+02 Hg emission (mg) per fuel burned(ton) From the statistical analysis by Wilcoxon signed ranks test between the emission factors of ours and U.S. EPA's, we can yielded that : p 〉0.05.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2000

This study has been carried out to determine the seasonal characteristics of concentration of various ionic (CI-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, NH+, K+, Ca2+) and heavy metallic (Pb, Mn, Cu, Ni) species in Pusan from August 1997 to April 1998. The concentrations of CI-, Na+, K+ were higher during summer with 2.98 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/㎥. Seasonal variation of total concentration of but the concentration of NH4+ was higher during winter with 2.46${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/㎥. Seasonal variation of total concentration of heavy metals(Pb, Cu, Mn, Ni) were 186.0 ng/㎥ in summer, 222.6 ng/㎥ in autumn, and 135.83 ng/㎥ in winter. Over the seasons inspected, the concentration of Mn was higher in coarse particles than fine particles and concentration of Ni was higher in fine particles than coarse particles. during yellow sand period, the concentration of TSP was increased about two times than that of other period. SO42-, Ca2+ concentrations were higher than other ionic components because of soil particles. The concentration of Ni showed 94.62ng/㎥ was increased about 4~5 times than other period. Principal component of the yellow sand, SO42-, Ca2+ could be discreased by rainfall and washout effect of atmospheric aerosol was higher in coarse particles than fine particles. Results from PCA(principal component analysis) showed that major pollutant was NaCl by seasalt particulate and (NH4)2SO4.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2021

환경오염은 인간의 건강, 삶의 질 또는 생태계의 자연적 기능을 방해하는 물질로 지구 환경을 오염시키는 것으로 정의된다. 환경 스트레스 요인에 장기간 반복적으로 노출되면 피부의 정상적인 방어 잠재력을 초과할 때마다 피부 장벽 기능에 장애가 생겨 다양한 피부 질환이 발병하게 된다. 피부에 영향을 미치는 주요 대기오염물질은 다환 방향족 탄화수소, 휘발성 유기화합물, 질소산화물, 미세먼지, 담배 연기, 중금속, 비소 등이다. 이들 물질의 피부 흡수는 피부 표면의 대기오염물질의 침적, 표피 지질 구성, 표피를 통한 혈관 확산에 의해 이루어진다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.381-394
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• 2019

The marine industry contributes a large proportion of the air pollutant emissions along coastal regions, and this air pollution has been strongly linked to cardiovascular diseases and other illnesses. To alleviate the problem, many ports have installed alternative maritime power (AMP) facilities that enable onboard marine auxiliary engines with generators (gensets) to be shut down while a ship is at berth. This study compared the emissions from conventional gensets with those from AMP facilities, focusing on four emission types: greenhouse gases (GHG), sulphur oxides (SOX), nitrogen oxides (NOX), and particulate matter (PM). Both direct (combustion / operation) and indirect (upstream) emissions were considered together for the emission comparison. The results showed that AMP has lower emissions than conventional onboard gensets, and this benefit is highly dependent on the electricity generation mix onshore. On average, GHG emissions could be reduced by about 18.3 %, while the other emissions (SOX, NOX, and PM) would decrease more dramatically (88.4 %, 90.1 %, and 91.5 %, respectively). Additionally, future benefits of the AMP would increase due to the expansion of renewable energies. Thus, this study supports the potential of AMP as a promising solution for environmental concerns at ports worldwide.

• 한국폐기물자원순환학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.600-605
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• 2018

In this study, the combustion characteristics were investigated based on the biodrying solid recovered fuel (SRF) in a 5 Ton/day scale combustion boiler. The composition of the combustion gas containing the biodrying SRF was analyzed, the particulate matter, and its HCl content was determined with the air pollutant process test method. Mass balance, carbon balance, and combustion efficiency were calculated according to the equivalence ratio (ER) method; the energy recovery efficiency of the combustion boiler was also analyzed. The overall combustion efficiency of the biodrying SRF was 97.3 % and the energy recovery efficiency was 80.2%.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2024

There is a lot of concern around the world about air pollution from ships. The majority of air pollution from ships comes from fuel combustion. The combustion process produces various air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and particulate matter (PM), each of which has adverse effects on people and is a major environmental problem. To prevent this, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has strengthened the regulation of pollutant emissions through the Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution. This paper discusses the types of air pollutants emitted by ships, their current status, and the latest technologies to reduce emissions of NOx and SOx.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.334-344
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• 2024

In Dangjin, Chungcheongnam-do, there are not only power plants and large steel complexes, but also small and medium-sized air pollutant emission facilities. The dust generated by these facilities has a very small particle size and a large surface area due to condensation and physical and chemical reactions, and is discharged containing various harmful substances. Therefore, this study analyzed the distribution of particulate matter and heavy metal concentrations by particle size in the vicinity of the steel complex, residential area, and reference point using an eight-stage Cascade Impactor. Overall, the direct impact sites with a short distance from the steel complex had the highest concentration, followed by the indirect impact sites, and the non-impact sites had the lowest concentration, indicating that they are directly affected by the steel complex. The atmospheric dust concentration distribution showed a bimodal distribution with a minimum value around the 1.1 to 2.1 ㎛ particle diameter. However, during the yellow dust event, the maximum concentration was biased toward coarse particles. The proportion of PM2.5 in the dust tended to be higher in winter, while the ratio between PM2.5 and PM10 was relatively higher in spring. Regardless of the location of the impact point, heavy metals in the dust were dominated by iron and aluminum, followed by zinc, lead, and manganese.