• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.21-39
• /
• 2013

The paper presents a numerical investigation, done with the computer program SAFIR, in order to obtain simpler finite element models for representing the behaviour of the partially protected composite steel concrete slabs in fire situations, considering the membrane action. Appropriate understanding and modelling of the particular behaviour of composite slabs allows a safe approach, but also substantial savings on the thermal insulation that has to be applied on the underlying steel structure. The influence of some critical parameters on the behaviour and fire resistance of composite slabs such as the amount of reinforcing steel, the thickness of the slab and the edge conditions is also highlighted. The results of the numerical analyses are compared with the results of three full scale fire tests on composite slabs that have been performed in recent years.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2021

Purpose. To assess peri-implant stress distribution using finite element analysis in implant supported fixed partial denture with occlusal schemes of cuspally loaded occlusion and implant protected occlusion. Materials and methods. A 3-D finite element model of mandible with D2 bone with partially edentulism with unilateral distal extension was made. Two Ti alloy identical implants with 4.2 mm diameter and 10 mm length were placed in the mandibular second premolar and the mandibular second molar region and prosthesis was given with the mandibular first molar pontic. Vertical load of 100 N and and oblique load of 70 N was applied on occlusal surface of prosthesis. Group 1 was cuspally loaded occlusion with total 8 contact points and Group 2 was implant protected occlusion with 3 contact points. Results. In Group 1 for vertical load, maximum stress was generated over implant having 14.3552 Mpa. While for oblique load, overall stress generated was 28.0732 Mpa. In Group 2 for vertical load, maximum stress was generated over crown and overall stress was 16.7682 Mpa. But for oblique load, crown stress and overall stress was maximum 22.7561 Mpa. When Group 1 is compared to Group 2, harmful oblique load caused maximum overall stress 28.0732 Mpa in Group 1. Conclusion. In Group 1, vertical load generated high implant stress, and oblique load generated high overall stresses, cortical stresses and crown stresses compared to vertical load. In Group 2, oblique load generated more overall stresses, cortical stresses, and crown stresses compared to vertical load. Implant protected occlusion generated lesser harmful oblique implant, crown, bone and overall stresses compared to cuspally loaded occlusion.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
• /
• pp.99-100
• /
• 2006

Orthogonally protected block copolymers of based on p-hydroxystyrene were prepared with high control via nitroxy mediated radical polymerization using an alkoxyamine as an unimolecular initiator. Thin films of partially protected block copolymer were prepared by spin or dip coating. A well defined nanostructure could be observed as a result of phase separation e.g. cylinders in a matrix oriented perpendicular or parallel to the substrate. The nanostructure of the polymeric films can be defined by the block copolymer composition and it determines surface properties and allows further, selective functionalization, e.g. via click chemistry. The thin films can be designed in a way to allow a patterning based on a thermal or photochemical stimulus.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.534-538
• /
• 1990

Glucagon was found to interact with DMPC vesicles electrostatically and hydrophobically. It appears that glucagon bound irreversibly to the vesicles through hydrophobic interaction was partially protected from the proteolysis by trypsin. Out of three possible sites, only the peptide bond preceded by Arg-18 was cleaved by a prolonged trypsin treatment. ${\alpha}$-chymotrysin did not affect the vesicle-bound glucagon. Based on these observations, possible structure of irreversibly bound glucagon on the vesicle surface is discussed.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제101권2호
• /
• pp.279-285
• /
• 2012

이 연구는 생활환경보호구역의 실태를 분석함으로써 합리적인 산림관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 2011년 3월부터 2011년 12월까지 실시하였다. 직경급에 따른 ha당 입목본수를 분석한 결과, II영급과 III영급으로 아직 유령림의 단계를 나타내므로 간벌 및 가지치기를 통해 장령림으로 유도할 필요가 있다. 생활환경보호구역의 I영급의 수령이 작은 수목들에 대해서는 불량목을 제거해 주고, 우량목을 선별하여 집중적으로 무육할 필요가 있고, III영급의 수목 중 간벌 및 가지치기, 미래목으로 무육하기 위한 수종을 선택, 집중적으로 육성시킬 필요가 있다. 또한 생활환경보호구역의 산림은 과거 사방지로서 하층식생의 활엽수림 다양화를 위하여 리기다소나무 등 수종갱신을 위한 우수한 임목의 수하식재 및 간벌 및 가지치기 등을 통한 숲의 활력을 증진시키는 산림시업이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 조사대상지역의 산림은 현재 리기다소나무림이 주수종을 이루고 있으나 단기간에 리기다소나무 등을 벌채하지 않고, 부분적으로 갱신을 유도하며 중층 및 하층을 형성하고 있는 갈참나무, 굴참나무, 졸참나무 등 참나무림을 육성하는 수종 갱신시업이 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방송공학회 2006년도 학술대회
• /
• pp.307-312
• /
• 2006

Protection to the multimedia contents is inevitable to ensure that only authorized users be able to access the protected contents for consumption. Since protection mechanisms need to be designed efficiently by exploiting the type of the contents, we propose a protection scheme for the video bitstream encoded by Scalable Video Coding (SVC) technique. Our scheme exploits the property of SVC in which a video is encoded into spatial, temporal, and quality scalability layers. By applying our proposed protection scheme to the appropriate scalability layers we can effectively control the SVC contents completely or partially. Each layer can be flexibly protected with different encryption keys or even with different encryption algorithms. The algorithms that are used to protect each layer are described by the standardized protection description tool, which is the MPEG-21 Intellectual Property Management and Protection (IPMP) Components. In this paper, we present the design of the proposed layered SVC protection scheme, its implementation and experimental results. The experiment result shows that the proposed layered SVC protection scheme is very effective and can easily be applied.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.277-282
• /
• 1997

아라비돕시스 탈리아나의 아세토락테이트 합성 효소 (ALS)를 그 유전자를 포함하고 있는 대장균 MF 2000/pTATX로부터 부분 정제하였다. 부분 정제된 이 효소를 가지고 여러 가지 변형 화학물질들 즉, 요오드아세트산, 요오드아세타마이드, N-에틸말레이미드 (NEM), 5,5'-디티오비스(2-니트로벤조산) (DTNB), 파라염화수은벤조산 (PCMB), 그리고 페닐글리옥살 등에 대한 민감성을 조사하였다. PCMB가 가장 민감하게 저해를 했으며, DTNB와 NEM이 그 뒤를 따랐다. 이 효소의 기질인 피루브산이 요오드아세트산에 의한 활성 저해를 보호하지 못하였으므로 기질의 결합에 시스테인의 관련이 없는 것 같이 보인다. 한편, 기질이 페닐글리옥살에 의한 효소의 활성 저해를 부분적으로 보호하는 것으로 보아 기질이 아르기닌기와 상호 작용함을 암시하고 있다. 부분 정제된 효소는 발린과 이소루신에 민감하게 방해를 받았으나 루신은 그렇지 않았다. 그러나, PCMB로 변형시킨 효소는 되먹임 방해를 더 강하게 받았다. 그 외 ALS에 대한 새로운 제초제 후보인 피리미디설퍼 벤조산 유도체의 저해 효과를 검토하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.88-93
• /
• 2000

The reduction of the cushion material such as Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) is one of the urgent tasks of the package design process in home electrical appliances considering environmental protection. EPS reduction often causes the structural damage of products, which must be protected in the environment of transportation. CAE simulation can help the efficient package design with low material cost. The mechanical drop simulation of packaged product was performed with commercial FEM code and Taguchi approach was used partially to determine the dominant design parameters. As results of this study, about 20% reduction of EPS was accomplished in the monitor package design.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 1995

The properties of binding sites in the active site of $Zn^{2+}$-glycerophosphocholine cholinephosphodiesterase were examined using substrates and inhibitors of the enzyme. Phosphodiesterase hydrolyzed p-nitrophenylphosphocholine, p-aminophenylphosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine, but did not hydrolyze either acylated glycerophosphocholine or bis (p-nitrophenyl)phosphate, suggesting a size limitation for interaction with a glyceryl moiety-binding subsite. The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenylphosphocholine was competitively inhibited by glycerophosphocholine and p-aminophenylphosphocholine, while glycerophosphoethanolamine was a weak inhibitor. The enzyme was also inhibited by choline, but not by ethanolamine. Thiocholine, a much more potent inhibitor than choline, was more inhibitory than cysteamine, suggesting a strict specificity of an anionic subsite adjacent to a $Zn^{2+}$ subsite. Of all oxyanions tested, the tellurite ion was found to strongly inhibit the enzyme by binding to a $Zn^{2+}$ subsite. The inhibitory role of tellurite was synergistically enhanced by tetraalkylammonium salts, but not by glycerol. Deactivation of the enzyme by diethylpyrocarbonate was partially protected by choline, but not by glycerophosphate. It is suggested that the active site of phosphodiesterase contains three binding subsites.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.104-109
• /
• 2007

Lactic acid bacteria that accumulated ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid (GABA) in culture medium were screened to identify strains with high GAB A-producing ability. One strain, MS, which was isolated from kimchi, showed the highest GABA-producing ability among the screened strains. MS was identified as Lactobacillus buchneri based on Gram-staining, metabolic characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence determination, Optimum culture conditions for GABA production were determined: MRS broth containing 5% MSG, 1% NaCl, and 1% glucose, at an initial pH of 5.0, the incubation temperature at $30^{\circ}C$ for 36 h. Under these conditions, MS produced GABA at a concentration of 251 mM with a 94% GABA conversion rate. Moreover, culture extracts of Lb. buchneri MS partially or completely protected neuronal cells against neurotoxicantinduced cell death.