• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.533-542
• /
• 2017

This study aimed to develop a measure of professional identity for Korean dental hygienists and to analyze the factors and characteristics of professional identity of these dental hygienists. In this study, 890 dental hygienists completed a self-administered survey. The final analysis was conducted with a total of 880 responses, excluding 10 questionnaires with unreliable responses and partial responses. A systematic literature review was conducted to establish the definition of professional identity, while content validity, exploratory factor, confirmatory factor, and reliability analysis were conducted to establish the constructive factors. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to identify the level of each factor. Authors conceptualized the professional identity for Korean dental hygienists and item generation, item reduction, and questionnaire formatting. The developed measure of professional identity for dental hygienists consisted of five factors, with 15 items. "Sense of calling," "need for academic capacity building," "performance of delegated authority," "compliance of code of ethics," and "usage of professional organizations" were the constituent factors. Based on these factors, the level of professional identity was the highest in the "performance of delegated authority" and lowest in the "usage of professional organizations." These finding indicated that dental hygienists with higher education levels have higher professional identity levels. The dental hygienists working at the general/university hospital had the highest level of professional identity. Thus, further research is needed to establish a model that consists of factors affecting and influencing the professional identity of dental hygienists.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.588-594
• /
• 1997

Yeast strains useful for the production of wine using mandarine orange, Citrus unshiu, as a main substrate were screened, and their primary ability to decompose citric acid that affects directly wine quality was investigated. Total eleven strains were selected for brewing orange wine. Five wild strains were from soil-based collections and identified: four of them were Saccharomyces cerevisiae and one of them was S. ellipsoideus. The rest of six strains were from among eighteen laboratory strains: three of them were S. cerevisiae, and the other three were S. coreanus, S. uvarum, and S. sake. Two strains of S. cerevisiae out of these selections were chosen and their decomposition of citric acid was investigated. Citric acid was not utilized as sole carbon source for cellular growth. However, when both citric acid and glucose were added together as carbon sources, decrease of citric acid concentration was observed after incubation. Shaking incubation was more effective for the reduction of citric acid than standing incubation. Utilization of citric acid did not contribute to the increase of ethanol concentration during fermentation. On the other hand, it appeared that citric acid caused partial inhibition of cellular growth of the yeasts.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.76-84
• /
• 2020

Most outlet fires occur around plug pins and plug pin receivers. However, no research has been conducted on ignitions at power connection points. This study confirms the possibility of ignition after incomplete connection, using a stranded wire, to the power connection point of an outlet. The experiment was divided into basic and reproducing experiments. The basic experiment confirmed the possibility of ignition according to the number of wire strands connected to the power connection point, and it identified the characteristics of the residue after the fire. In the reproducing experiment, lamps, vacuum cleaners, and heaters were connected to an outlet to check if the ignition at the connection advanced into a fire. The fire advanced due to the heat and arc generated at the connection point, and partial losses were identified in the U-type holder and clip. Accordingly, the results demonstrate that a fire may occur when the stranded wire is incompletely connected to the outlet. Moreover, it was confirmed that the cause of a fire can be determined based on the characteristics of the residue.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.182-186
• /
• 2004

Morphological observation of roots and molecular technique were used to investigate the symbiotic relationships between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ginseng roots. Korean ginseng, Panax ginseng, was collected from 8 sites in Korea. Colonization pattern of AM fungi in ginseng roots was determined as an Arum type under light microscopes. Nested PCR using AM fungal specific primers was employed to amplify a partial region on 18s rDNA of AM fungi from the root extracted mixed DNA. The amplified DNA was cloned and analyzed by random fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with restriction enzymes, AluI, HinfI and AsuC21. One from each RFLP pattern was selected for sequencing. A total 16 clones were sequenced and identified as 2 species of AM fungi; Paraglomus brasilianum and Glomus spurcum. Paramglomus brasilianum was found from most of the ginseng roots, in this syudy suggesting that this species of AM fungi could have specific relationship with the ginseng root. Possible roles of AM fungal species in ginseng roots are discussed.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.147-154
• /
• 2007

In March of 2004, gray snow mold (Typhula blight) caused by Typhula spp. occurred on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poo pratensis L.) at MuJu golf courses in Jeonbuk Province. Leaves in the affected areas were matted together and frequently covered with white to grayish mycelia. Sclerotia were formed on the leaf blade, leaf sheath, or crown regions. The fungus isolated from the diseased leaf formed whitish mycelium, clamp connections, and light pink to brown, irregular-shaped small sclerotia of less than 1.4 mm in diameter, which are characteristic to Typhula incarnata. Optimum temperature ranges for mycelial growth were $5^{\circ}C$ to $15^{\circ}C$. The causal organism was confirmed to be T. incarnata as the partial sequence of its ribosomal RNA ITS1 (internal transcribed spacer) region was 91% homologous to those of T. incarnata in GenBank database. Out of the 14 fungicides tested fur antifungal activity in vitro, 10 fungicides including iprodione, tebuconazole, polyoxin D, flutolanil, hexaconazole, tolclofos-methyl, fosetyl-Al, mepronil, pencycuron+tebuconazole, and fenarimol completely inhibited fungal growth at their recommended concentrations. In the field test, these fungicides and others such as thifluzamide and thiram effectively controlled the gray snow mold of turfgrass with some variable degrees of control efficacies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.419-425
• /
• 2021

This study explores effective ways to improve the happiness of the primary caregiver of disabled children based on the comprehensively identification of their influencing factors. Based on the results of a comprehensive review of the relationship between the influencing factors, this study seeks to explore directions and policy alternatives that are effective in improving the happiness of the primary caregiver of disabled children. The effects of social support, parenting stress, family strength, and happiness were examined in this study using data collected from 430 primary caregivers of disabled children in three regions of Jeollabuk-do. The main findings of the analysis are as follows: First, it was discovered that social support has a direct effect on the happiness of the primary caregiver of disabled children, as well as an indirect effect via family strength. Second, the primary caregivers of disabled children's family strength was discovered to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social support and happiness. Convergence suggestions were presented based on the research findings to promote social support, family strength, and feelings of happiness for primary caregivers of children with disabilities.

• Food Engineering Progress
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.136-142
• /
• 2011

The objective of this research was to classify intact soybeans and foreign objects using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Intact soybeans and foreign objects were scanned using a NIR spectrometer equipped with scanning monochromator. NIR spectra of intact soybeans and foreign objects in the wavelength range from 900 to 1800 nm were collected. The classification of intact soybeans and foreign objects were conducted by using partial least-square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) multivariate methods. Various types of data pretreatments were tested to develop the classification models. Intact soybeans and foreign objects were successfully classified by the PLS-DA prediction model with mean normalization pretreatment. These results showed the potential of NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis as a method for classifying intact soybeans and foreign objects.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.652-656
• /
• 2018

In this study, effects of the reaction pressure were studied for petroleum-based pitch synthesis. A two-stage reaction process was performed based on different reaction pressure conditions. Each stage experiments for the two-stage reaction were consecutively carried out. The first stage was consisted of three different pressure conditions; high (10 bar), normal and low (0.1 bar). And the second stage was carried out at the normal and low (0.1 bar) pressure. The pitch synthesis was realized at $400^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. Thermal properties and molecular weight distributions of each samples were investigated by analyzing the softening point and MALDI-TOF data. Volatilized components during the pith synthesis were measured by GC-SIMDIS. In case of the first-step reaction with the high pressure condition, the low molecular weight component participated to the pitch formation more effectively and the pitch with the low softening point was obtained. However, for the case of the first-step with the low pressure, the low molecular weight component was vent outside and the partial coke formation occurred. Eventually, pitch properties such as the softening point and yield were controlled effectively by changing the pressure in the pitch synthesis reaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.24 no.7
• /
• pp.967-972
• /
• 2018

The genus Chattonella belonging to the class raphidophyceae, is a harmful algal bloom species. Recently, its occurrence has been increasing and expanding along the Korean coast. Species identification of the genus Chattonella only by morphological observation is difficult due to the lack of rigid cell walls. In this study, the morphological characteristics and genetic affinity of Chattonella sp. isolated from Deungnyang Bay in 2017 were examined. We carried out single-cell isolation from field samples then sequenced three different areas using the single-cell PCR method: 1) parts of ribosomal operon, the large subunit (LSU) of the rDNA, 2) the chloroplast-encoded subunit psaA of Photosystem I, and 3) rbcL encoding the large subunit of the Rubisco gene. The cells were morphologically very similar to the general genus Chattonella ($74.0{\pm}10.1{\mu}m$ in length, $33.1{\pm}3.6{\mu}m$ in width). The three partial gene sequences were insufficient to justify distinction at the species rank. However, they clustered at 99-100 % sequence similarity with C. marina, C. marina var. antiqua and C. marina var. ovata.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.58 no.6
• /
• pp.653-660
• /
• 2020

Spirometra tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) collected from carnivorous mammals in Tanzania were identified by the DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), and by morphological characteristics. A total of 15 adult worms were collected from stool samples and carcasses of Panthera leo, Panthera pardus, and Crocuta crocuta in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania. Three Spirometra species: S. theileri, S. ranarum and S. erinaceieuropaei were identified based on morphological features. Partial cox1 sequences (400 bp) of 10 specimens were revealed. Eight specimens showed 99.5% similarity with Spirometra theileri (MK955901), 1 specimen showed 99.5% similarity with the Korean S. erinaceieuropaei and 1 specimen had 99.5% similarity with Myanmar S. ranarum. Sequence homology estimates for the ITS1 region of S. theileri were 89.8% with S. erinaceieuropaei, 82.5% with S. decipiens, and 78.3% with S. ranarum; and 94.4% homology was observed between S. decipiens and S. ranarum. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with 4 species of Spirometra and 2 species of Dibothriocephalus (=Diphyllobothrium). By both ML and BI methods, cox1 and ITS1 gave well supported, congruent trees topology of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. theileri with S. decipiens and S. ranarum forming a clade. The Dibothriocephalus species were sisters of each other and collectively forming successive outgroups. Our findings confirmed that 3 Spirometra species (S. theileri, S. ranarum, and S. erinaceieuropaei) are distributed in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania.