• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.519-529
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide basic health care data for the climate aspects of park re-cultivation by evaluating air ions according to the type of vegetation in the valley and upper slopes of the mountain park. Simple negative or positive air ions were expected to show the same tendencies, so they were analyzed in terms of correcting the air ion index. By analyzing the air ions according to the topography, it was found that valley > slope in terms of the air ion index. When analyzing air ions according to tree species, we found that evergreen conifers in the valley > the deciduous broad-leaved trees in the valley > the evergreen conifers in the slope = the deciduous broad-leaved trees in the slope. For DBH(Diameter at breast height), the valley large pole > slope large pole > slope medium hard wood, while crown density was analyzed as valley dense > slope dense> valley proper > slope proper. Layered structure analysis showed that the multi-layer structure of the valley > multi-layer structure of the slope = the single-layer structure of the valley > the single-layer structure of the slope. The correlation coefficient was determined according to vegetation type and air ion index in the order of DBH > crown density > layer structure > geomorphic structure. In this study, limits exist except for ridge line, valley, and slopes in urban mountain parks. Therefore, analysis should be made considering both topographical structure and various vegetation types in future studies of air ions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-94
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• 1995

A total of 394 plant species in 74 families planted in home gardens, public building gardens, campuses of elementaiy, middle, and high schools, and universities, recreation areas, city parks, loeal and national ways, and highways from 1.21 local areal in Korea were surveyed- A comparison of the surveyed species to nation-widei.y growing species in those areas were studied. the results obtained were as follows : 1. The ratio of evergreen to deciduous plant species was 38.1:61,9 and that of tree:scrub:vine was 54:40.9:5.1. 2. The ratio of evergreen to deciduous plant species was 27.5:72.5 among total 276 land-scape plant species surveyed in Seoul and Kyongki-do province. The ratios were 32:68 in Kwangwon-do, 36.1:63.9 ill Chungchongbuk-do, 37:61 iii Chungchongnanl-do, 36.4:63.6 in Kyungsangbuk-do, 39.2:60.8 고 Kyungsangaaal-do, 35.7:64.5 in Jollabuk-do, 40.6:59.4 in Jollanam-do, and 43.1 :56.9 in Cheju-do. This results tell that more evergreen species are growing in the southern than in northern region in Korea. 3. Plants with 100% frequency in national planting were 8 species inclubing Forsythia koreana 91-99% were 6 species including Taxus cuspidata, 81-90% were 13 species including Magnolia liilflora, 71-80% were 10 speces including Buxus microphylla val, koreana, 61-70% were 13 species including Thuja occiduntakus, 51-60% were 15 species including Pius thunbergii, 41-50% were 15 species including Kerria japonica, 31-40% were 17 species including Cryptomeria japonica, 21-30% were 28 species including Viturnum awabuki, and below 20% were 267 species including Koelreuteria paniculata. 4 Uppermost north latitude of planting distribution of major temperature species was sum- marized as follows: Although it has been reported that Cryptomeria japonica is possible to grow in areas around -47, the result from this study shows that Cryptomeria japonica grows normally in Choonchun Seoul, Samchuck, and Kwangryeung, etc. , and is possible to grow normally in the areas with approximately -6$^{\circ}C$ in an average temperature in January, where are -2$^{\circ}C$ colder than the reported temperature, but locally warm Phyllostachys bambusoides is distributed to Mt. Kumkang and Mt. Sulak, and also planted in Seoul, Kwangryeung, and Chunchon.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2001

The seoul Metropolitan Government has announced a program of the realization of a Korean garden named 'Seoul Park' in Paris 'Jardin d'Acclimatation' in June, 2000. The program for 'Seoul Park' in Paris has double objectives which aims celebrating the 10th anniversary of the establishment of sisterhood relationship between Seoul and paris and to promote the mutual cooperation and the amity between the two metropolitan cities. The purpose of this study is focusing on the issues on the setting procedure of characteristics of the 'Seoul Park', type of the Park, and design realization of expression of Korean identity, and the cultural consolidation between parks in Korean and French. The Seoul Park will be constructed on the shore of a lake of the Jardin d'Acclimatation, and the size of the area is 4,675㎡. In July, a design competition for the preparation of a schematic plan of the Seoul Park was held in Seoul. In this competition, the author won with a scheme which proposed a Korean Garden as expression of "between" two cultures which is fitted into the French environment. Although, the Seoul Park in Paris is a small Korean garden, its significance would be emphasized in terms of that it represents the adaptation of a Korean culture to the French territory. Throughout the winning entry, we could recognized hat the author defines Korean garden as 'time device', and 'Seoul Park' as 'Situation' which is the consolidation of the cultures between korea and France. And also the author pursued Korean garden as a net type of 'sequence of the event'. In this paper, we have discussed the concept and the schematic plan of the winning entry. focusing on following issues: Definition of the garden; Form of the garden; Expression of Korean garden; Representation of the reconciliation between two environments. Since many parts of the garden are under designing, and the discussion on the resetting of the existing trees in the garden is in progress, more specific investigation will be done in the next thesis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.67-79
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the biotope value in a metropolitan area after constructing the biotope evaluation model to develop biotope networking in the light of ecological landscape planning. In addition this study is to provide a basic frame of constructing the biotope networking system in the future with the evaluation results. The scope of this research is limited to high density residential area including some part of the forest adjacent to urban boundary. The results of the classified biotope in the research area have been turned out to be 24 patterns. According to the result of estimated nature value having the forth grade, three were forests combined with urban natural parks, schools near forests, and grasslands. There is a little place having first grade. We an deduce this fact that we have surveyed biotopes, having the minimum nature value and wider than children's park. As for the result of evaluated the structure, there were the forests of Seong-Dong, Meaho-Dong, and Kumho river, which is the forth grade. As for the evaluation of connection-function, the followings area were evaluated as the third grade-linear biotopes having highly valued and sustainable similarity - Seoul-Pusan Railroad, Dong-Daegu St., Kumho river, river basins. Bum대 park and a botanic park near Suesung lake, As for the evaluated the buffer-function, higly valued production biotopes, existing at a transition belt between he residential density areas, are Sawol-Dong, Meaho-Dong and Kumho river. When each of the indexes was evaluated, the core of the biotop contained most of natural biotopes. Large artificial biotopes were evaluated as an important biotopes, while small artificial biotopes were classified as a dot biotope. The future research on the concrete biotope networking construction, based upon performed evaluation in this research, should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

The biotope network of Susung gu is characterized as dense residence zones forming its core that enable partial biotope in and around the residential zones. First, in district I, it is possible to make these zones connected to the third district. In district II, which is abundant in biotope, it is very important not to continue destoyi9ng the existing biotopes. In the case of district III, old residence zones have fill the severe gap between forests and the Sinchun river, through redevelopment, which covers more than 30% of the biotope area with large scaled linear residence areas. In the case of district IV, limited destruction of biotope and the improvement of nature areas were suggested as the alternative for preservation of biotopes. Consequently, in the construction of the biotope network in Su-sung gu, the maintenance of existing biotopes is required. Int he old residence zones, as redevelopment occurs, by maintaining biotope area of more than 30% and making the scale of residential complexes more than 1ha, it is possible for old residence zones to accomplish the role of providing important green spaces. In the case of newly developed residential zones, by reducing the rate of pavement of traffic conducts, utilizing small sized parks at the junctions and the plantation of trees along the corridors, the entire residence zones are able to accomplish the role of providing important green space. The problem houses and connecting the inner green space of the private houses with the green spaces of the streets in some areas. Futhermore, green spaces of forests must not be used for urban development. Dual planting on sidewalks, planting plots dispersed among streets and median strips must be established on road, too.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.37-49
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• 2002

The objective of this research was an investigation of the important green spaces in Daegu and to present the basic frame of green network in Daegu. Present the condition of the significant green spaces is as follows: In the 3km radius of the city center, the isolation and discontinuation of the green spaces was extensive, caused by crowding of houses and funeral parlours. Consequently, the isolation relaxation which leads to the additional creation of the green spaces and a buffering plan were demanded. In the transfer area of a 3∼6km radius, which is located between the city center's congested area and the suburb green spaces, the significant green spaces had high connection and buffering characteristic, but in the northwest and the south, serious discontinuation appeared between the suburb green spaces and the city conte green spaces. In the 6∼9km radius, the suburb important green spaces accomplished the function which extended the back core green spaces to the city center area. But creation of buffering green spaces was necessary in part because of proximity to the resident area. The results suggest a connection between green spaces on the base of the distribution of the important green spaces, were as follows: In the 3km radius, irregular direction lines appeared while a schedule one direction line appeared in 3∼6km and 6∼9km radius. The discontinued parts of the green network were caused by industrial complexes, house crowding, and cultivation areas. Consequently, reservation and creation plans of green spaces in response to this were demanded. Through the additional creation of green spaces in the discontinued parts, the basic frame of green network in Daegu was the radiation annular form. And it was suitable to activate the parks and the general green spaces.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.34-43
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• 2001

Unlike ordinary recreational facilities, an amusement park consists of various entertainment facilities, attractions, food services, souvenir shops and other attribute. The purpose of this study is to survey users´ responses to such attributes and analyze the importance and performance of each attribute, and thereby, ultimately help improve the efficiency of management and operation of the amusement parks. For this purpose, a survey was conducted of Everland users in August, 1999. 420 users were chosen by means of he systematic sampling. All the suers were asked to rate the importance of 14 attributes of Everland at the entrance and all of them were asked to do the same at the exit. As a result, it was found that the attribute rated highest by the users was ´attraction´, followed by ´service´, ´accessibility´ and ´cost´ in that order. On the other hand, it was found that the total average of importance rated for 14 attributes was 3.31, while that of performance was 3.10. As a consequence of analyzing the action grids, it was found that ´appropriateness of the circulation system´ should be improved most urgently. 7 attributes were categorized as ´keeping up good work´, and 6 ones were rated ´low priority´ in terms of improvement. There was no attribute considered to be ´possible overkill´. Meanwhile, as a result of analyzing the difference among groups in order to determine users´ response depending on their demographic and socio-economic variables, it was found that only the ´age´ variable was significant. It is expected that the results that the results of this study would be useful in determining priorities when improving amusement park facilities or their programs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.5 s.118
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• pp.84-99
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• 2006

The traditional temples located in national parks have various functions, such as religious practice, tourist destination, and conservation for cultural and natural resources. One functions have implicit monetary values in terms of public benefits. The purpose of this study was to estimate both use and non-use conservation values for two traditional temples, Sinheungsa and Haeinsa, using the contingent valuation method. In the study, both single-bounded and double-bounded dichotomous choice methods were used in an application of Turnbull distribution-free model. A total of 659 visitors were interviewed, 350 in Sinheungsa and 309 in Haeinsa. The mean WTP (willingness to pay) for Sinheungsa using single-bounded method was 4,040 Won for the use value, 6,157 Won for the cultural conservation value, and 5,624 Won for the natural conservation value. The mean WTP for Haeinsa using single-bounded method was 6,463 Won for the use value, 8,769 Won for the cultural conservation value, and 8,013 Won for the natural conservation value. The total economic value of each temple accounted for 50% (Sinheungsa) and 80% (Haeinsa) of the total economic value of the associated national park. It was also found that the single-bounded method was more conservative than the double-bounded method in terms of value estimation. The WTP was highest for the cultural conservation value and lowest for the use values in both temples, with natural conservation values falling in the middle, which showed that people perceived traditional temples as the cultural heritage. Based on these results, it was suggested that traditional temples should be designated as an 'multiple heritage area' so that conservation can be used as the main criteria for various use programs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.202-207
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• 2007

Recently, the number of 'field-museums(F.Ms.)' in Japan has increased. Although they are very diverse, the essential commonality is that each has a field arranged as a kind of museum. In this study, we examine the 'F.M.' mainly through documents in order to understand the concept of the F.M. and the direction of further studies. Before examining the cases of F.Ms., we explore the history of the F.M. and the role of museums in order to establish the background of the development of F.Ms. The term F.M. first appeared and evolved in 1990s. It is suggested that F.Ms. are positioned on the same lines as development of museums, and that the field of museums and the field of landscaping is beginning to overlap. Concerning the role of museums, we examined the definition of museums in terms of conventional museums and regional planning. Next, the documents of 36 cases of F.Ms. are checked regarding their types and roles. Consequently, we found that while most F.Ms. cases have both the role of conventional museums and the role of regional planning, it is difficult to say that the role has some connection with the type. It seems that F.Ms. emphasize 'education' rather than 'collection', 'pleasure' and 'research', compared with conventional museums. In addition, the role of regional planning is strongly expected. In many cases, the F.M. is expected to be a method of regional management, not merely a museum. In order to use F.Ms. for regional planning and landscaping effectively, it is desirable for F.Ms. to be defined from this viewpoint. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine the extent of F.Ms. The problem is which extent to choose, geographical unity or administrative border. Hence, further comparative research is needed clarify the association between the extent and the identity in order to establish a more effective size of F.Ms.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.2792-2798
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• 2014

In modern society, to be achieved status as a Science edutainment experience, not just a science museum is established. It requires strategy and differentiation of a variety of entertainment, including theme parks, games, movies which are youth like. When the understanding of the audience for the principles of science to improve the use of ICT Convergence contents display, you need to take measures to increase the effectiveness of the Science Museum by giving the function of interesting leisure space in addition to the popular area of Science Education, Scientific and Cultural aspects reached. This role requires a science museum as a cultural space with the community as a chapter in science education. Science Museum is not a need to worry about what will convey to the public as efficiently as the Mecca of the educational content for the National Science Education. The analysis of the external environment, the composition will take on science education as a mecca of science education and how to combining ICT convergence technology in modern society beyond mere science museum experience and education in this study.