• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.1010-1014
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• 2004

Though acute pulmonary thromboembolism is usually managed medically with the use of thrombolytics or anticoagulants, an emergent life-saving surgery would be required. In a case of acute pulmonary thromboembolism with acute severe right heart failure and deferment of it could result in fatal outcomes in a short time. In addition, the mortality is raised considerably if it is combined with right heart thrombi. Despite paradoxical thromboembolism via patent foramen ovale was reported, few report might be presented, in which showed the thrombus in right atrium has traversed atrial septal defect into left atrium and left ventricle like this case as the evidence of paradoxical thromboembolism. We report a case of acute pulmonary thromboembolism with acute right heart failure arising from deep vein thrombosis, developed immediately after low anterior resection for colon cancer in a 63-year-old male, who was managed successfully by emergent thromboembolectomy with cardiopulmonary bypass.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 2008

Although a paradoxical response of tuberculosis to antituberculous therapy is not a rare phenomenon, it can be a clinical challenge to differentiate a paradoxical response from treatment failure. A 25-year-old woman was admitted for miliary lung nodules and multiple intracranial nodules. Antituberculous treatment was started with a preliminary diagnosis of tuberculosis based on the history and clinical findings. After one month, the military lung nodules improved while the intracranial nodules increased in size and number. Based on a stereotactic biopsy, it was confirmed that the intracranial lesions were tuberculomas. Although the therapeutic regimen was not changed, the symptoms eventually were ameliorated and the intracranial nodules improved two months later.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2017

Here we investigated the central processing mechanisms of mechanical allodynia and found a direct excitatory link with low-threshold input to nociceptive neurons. Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-280 g. Subcutaneous injection of interleukin 1 beta ($IL-1{\beta}$) ($1ng/10{\mu}L$) was used to produce mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Intracisternal administration of bicuculline, a gamma aminobutyric acid A ($GABA_A$) receptor antagonist, produced mechanical allodynia in the orofacial area under normal conditions. However, intracisternal administration of bicuculline (50 ng) produced a paradoxical anti-allodynic effect under inflammatory pain conditions. Pretreatment with resiniferatoxin (RTX), which depletes capsaicin receptor protein in primary afferent fibers, did not alter the paradoxical anti-allodynic effects produced by the intracisternal injection of bicuculline. Intracisternal injection of bumetanide, an Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC 1) inhibitor, reversed the $IL-1{\beta}$-induced mechanical allodynia. In the control group, application of GABA ($100{\mu}M$) or muscimol ($3{\mu}M$) led to membrane hyperpolarization in gramicidin perforated current clamp mode. However, in some neurons, application of GABA or muscimol led to membrane depolarization in the $IL-1{\beta}$-treated rats. These results suggest that some large myelinated $A{\beta}$ fibers gain access to the nociceptive system and elicit pain sensation via $GABA_A$ receptors under inflammatory pain conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.139-152
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• 2011

This research explores the idea of digilog for fashion; it would help to conclude the uncertain mixed-phenomena and words as a neologism and find a fundamental concept that would be a reference for a lot of uncertain new words that have been occurring even this year. Furthermore, this research is aimed at analyzing how digilog has been reflected on the contemporary fashion and directing the ways towards the future of fashion. The digilog fashion design is the expression of a combination of opposite extremes, that is to say the combination of a paradoxical mix and directly-opposed elements. The outward expression of fashion design with digilog can be classified into several ways. First of all, it tends to use the elements of paradoxical expression; for example, applying high-technology to express a primitive and natural material. The analog expresses unprocessed. Secondly, using high-tech machine to express the texture of handicraft or rough embroidery. Lastly, digital printing(DTP) is applied to enlarge the several or the whole parts of a natural object or sensitivity. As a result of the analysis, the inside view of the contemporary fashion with digilog delineate followings; it is the attitude that claims to go back to the past and accepts the combination of nature and high-technology to get calmness in the rapidly changing modern world. And it is the will to fly from the utterly exhausted reality through the recurrence of the past when there used to be a lot of energies and used to live in affluence.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2010

Although heart auscultation is an important tool for the diagnosis of heart disease, it is seen that the human ear is poorly suited for cardiac auscultation such as the paradoxical split of S2, the split of S2, and the summation of S2 and S3 gallop. In this paper, the analysis-synthesis method that is suitable for the characteristics of PCG is proposed to classify the heart sound. In analyzing the PCG according to matching pursuit method and synthesizing the PCG in each bandwidth based on the frequency characteristics, it sorts normal hearts with abnormal hearts that is difficult to classify as cardiac auscultation. The result shows that it qualifies the appearance of split in S2 and the paradoxical split of S2 and also can estimate the delay between the two components.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.75 no.5
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• pp.218-221
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• 2013

This report describes a rare case of a patient with splenic tuberculosis (TB) who developed spontaneous splenic rupture after 10 weeks of antituberculous chemotherapy. The patient responded well to the antituberculous regimen prior to the spontaneous splenic rupture. We considered a paradoxical reaction as a cause of the splenic rupture. The patient underwent splenectomy and continuously received initial antituberculous drugs without change. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous splenic rupture as a paradoxical reaction to antituberculous chemotherapy in an immunocompetent host with splenic TB.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.366-373
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• 2016

Background: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that in patients with chronic complex sternum dehiscence, the use of muscle flap repair minimizes the occurrence of paradoxical motion of the chest wall (CWPM) when compared to sternal rewiring, eventually leading to better respiratory function and clinical outcomes during follow-up. Methods: In a propensity score matching analysis, out of 94 patients who underwent sternal reconstruction, 20 patients were selected: 10 patients underwent sternal reconstruction with bilateral pectoralis muscle flaps (group 1) and 10 underwent sternal rewiring (group 2). Eligibility criteria included the presence of hemisternum diastases associated with multiple (${\geq}$3) bone fractures and radiologic evidence of synchronous chest wall motion (CWSM). We compared radiologically assessed (volumetric computed tomography) ventilatory mechanic indices such as single lung and global vital capacity (VC), diaphragm excursion, synchronous and paradoxical chest wall motion. Results: Follow-up was 100% complete (mean $85{\pm}24months$). CWPM was inversely correlated with single lung VC (Spearman R=-0.72, p=0.0003), global VC (R=-0.51, p=0.02) and diaphragm excursion (R=-0.80, p=0.0003), whereas it proved directly correlated with dyspnea grade (Spearman R=0.51, p=0.02) and pain (R=0.59, p=0.005). Mean CWPM and single lung VC were both better in group 1, whereas there was no difference in CWSM, diaphragm excursion and global VC. Conclusion: Our study suggests that in patients with complex chronic sternal dehiscence, pectoralis muscle flap reconstruction guarantees lower CWPM and greater single-lung VC when compared with sternal rewiring and it is associated with better clinical outcomes with less pain and dyspnea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.422-425
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• 2007

A 6-month-old intact male Jindo dog was underwent surgery for hip fracture caused by hit by a car. Routine laboratory tests performed prior to surgery found no significant abnormalities, which might increase risks associated with general anesthesia. The dog was premedicated with atropine, induced general anesthesia with thiopental sodium and maintained with isoflurane. Forty minutes after surgery, the dog was suddenly bradycardic. Atropine (18 ug/kg) was slowly infused intravenously to normalize heart rate. However, paradoxically the dog showed slower heart rate with intermittent atrioventricular block ($2^{nd}$ degree type I) after atropine infusion. The dog's rhythm was returned to normal rate 7 minutes after ephedrine was infused. This is a rare case of paradoxical atrioventricular block induced by high dose of atropine in a dog.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.66 no.6
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• pp.457-462
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• 2009

While receiving appropriate treatment, patients with tuberculosis occasionally have unusual, paradoxical reactions, with transient worsening of lesions or the development of new lesions. This report is a case of tuberculosis brain abscess and tuberculosis peritonitis with intra-abdominal abscess that developed during appropriate anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. A 45-year-old male patient had been diagnosed as with all-drug susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis with pleurisy. Subsequently, the patient underwent standard treatment with anti-tuberculosis therapy; the pulmonary lesions improved. Three months after initial treatment, the patient developed brain abscesses and peritonitis. With the addition of corticosteroid treatment, the patient's neurologic symptoms were relieved. Exploratory laparotomy with surgical drainage was performed and a diagnosis of tuberculosis peritonitis was confirmed on biopsy. Anti-tuberculosis therapy was continued for 19 months, the patient improved eventually without further complications, although the therapeutic regimen had not been altered. In this case, the paradoxical response to treatment may have been involved in the pathogenesis of disease.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.120-120
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• 2007