• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2003

A surimi like material was made from fresh pig hearts and used to manufacture emulsion-type sausages for the improvement of quality characteristics. The heart muscles were diced and frozen at -60$^{\circ}C$ until processed. Then, the frozen diced heart muscles were thawed, chopped, filtered, and washed to extract myofibrillar proteins. The residue was centrifuged to take a surimi-like material. Emulsion-type sausages were made different levels of surimi-like material(5∼15%) and compared to the control. Cooking loss(CL, %) and water-holding capacity (WHC, %) were measured on raw meat batter, whereas shear force, hardness, color and panel test were measured after cooking. The addition of the surimi-like material up to 15% level in the sausage formulation reduced CL and increased WHC, as compared to the control. Shear force and hardness values of the control had the highest value, however sausages containing 15% surimi-like material had the lowest value(p<0.05). Increased surimi-like material became darker in color. Although no differences in panel scores of flavor and off-flavor were observed, panellists prefer to select sausages having 15% surimi-like material(p<0.05). These results indicated that a surimi-like material, which was a myofibrillar protein extracted from pig hearts, could be used to manufacture emulsion-type sausage up to 15% to improve cooking yield and textural characteristics without color and flavor defects.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Filter colorimeters have a set of spectral bands for which spectral responsivity is the same as the color matching function defined by CIE (Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage). We have designed a set of color matching function filters denoted by $\bar{x}-filter,\;\bar{y}-filter,\;and\;\bar{z}-filter$. Because the $\bar{x}-function$ has two transmission bands, two $\bar{x}-filters$ are designed to cover the $\bar{x}-function$. To design the filters, we developed a nonlinear least square fit program which determines the thickness of the color glasses by minimizing its spectral mismatch value ($f{_1}'$) to below 3 %. The design has been validated by fabrication of the $\bar{y}-bar$ filter, of which $f{_1}'$ was measured to be 2.8 %. Considering a LCD flat panel display as a device under test, we have calculated the systematic error of the colorimetric measurement using the designed filters.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.73-80
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• 2010

This study was conducted to estimate the relative performance of modules with changed characteristics due to long term exposure to the outdoor environment, with a specially made test device for simultaneous measurement of real time power output from the photovoltaic array, taking into account the inclined panel, direct irradiation, power being generated, temperature as well as the optimal analysis timing. In terminology description, M is an abbreviation of module and Group A, Group B are 10 modules series connection (1~10 of M), (11~20 of M) for each of them respectively. The overall mean voltage difference of M-18 with the lowest power output and M-14 with the highest output is-2.13V and it was identifiable that voltage difference was more concentrated to Group B. In addition, in case of M-2 and M-7, M-8, when compared with M-14, the overall mean voltage difference was -0.92V, -1.56 and -0.91V respectively showing the more concentration to Group A. When the temperature of module went up by $1^{\circ}C$, the mean voltage was reduced by 0.35V. For current, Group A was lower than Group B by-0.022A and the ratio of each group was 49.68% and 50.32% respectively, presumably the module with deteriorated properties were more concentrated to Group A relatively. From the comparison of relations with the comprehensive accumulation, M-2, M-7, M-8, M-16 and M-18 were those with deterioration of performance to the worst, thereby requiring precision examination. In comparative efficiency, M-14 was the most excellent one as 12.19% while M-18 as 10.53% was identified that its efficiency was comparatively rapidly reduced.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 2013

An 8-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented with a chief complaint of chronic nasal discharge and dyspnea. Physical examination revealed pyohemorrhagic nasal discharge, inspiratory dyspnea and stertor, and an enlarged right mandibular lymph node. Abnormalities of blood works and serum chemistry included mildly increased hematocrit, and globulin concentration. Serologic tests for FeLV and FIV, and a panel of polymerase chain reaction tests for Chlamydophila felis, Feline Calicivirus, Herpesvirus, Bordetella, Mycoplasma felis, and H1N1 influenza was all negative. Only radiographic finding showed increasing soft tissue density in the right nasal cavity and computed tomography disclosed soft tissue/fluid opacification in the right nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, and pharyinx along with slight deviation to the right of the osseous nasal septum. Focal lysis of ventral nasal septum was also suspected in CT scan. Cytological evaluation of fine needle aspirate smears of the enlarged mandibular lymph nodes revealed numerous fungal yeasts having variably thick capsule both extracellularly and intracellularly with low numbers of macrophages. Some yeasts showed narrow based budding, which was a consistent finding with Cryptococcus organisms. Serum protein electrophoresis was a polyclonal consistent with chronic infection and serum was submitted for a fungal serology panel test. In serologic tests Cryptococcus antigen titer was 1 : 32,768. In vitro culture was unsuccessful. Treatment was initiated with administration of fluconazole, clindamycin, and tocopherol. Clinical signs resolved within 3 days after the initial treatment. The cat was discharged and scheduled for periodic evaluation and continued therapy, but was lost to follow-up thereafter.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.91-105
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• 2021

The current increasing size of container vessels affects the container port's situation. The containerization has changed the inter-modal handling process, which brought more flexibility and comfortableness in the shipping industry sector. Thus, it is very crucial to analyze the efficiency of container ports in the regional sphere. Such kind of efficiency analysis provide a powerful management tool for port operators and shipping managers in the Mediterranean market, and it also helps to form an information for planning new regional and national port operations. This paper aims to analyze the ports' technical efficiency of Mediterranean major container ports. It is conducted to establish the model of port performance and efficiency through the empirical test of the various factors. Regarding to the panel data collected from the 48 DMUs (decision making units), this study attempts to provide the empirical basis of the port efficiency relative to another factors in the total port performance. Due to the complexity of the various activities carried out at container ports, the study focuses only on the technical efficiency at the level of the Mediterranean container port. Unlike the practice of cross-sectional data analysis, originally established by Charnes et al. (1985), the panel data in DEA window analysis applications are used. The main focus of this study is the relative technical efficiency of 12 container ports from 7 countries in the Mediterranean market. The selection of ports under study is based on their high handling capability and rankings in World Top 100 (Containerization International, 2018).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.252-262
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• 2019

Following the earthquake in Gyeongju (2016) and Pohang (2017), South Korea is no longer a safe place for earthquakes. Accordingly, the need for shelters suitable for disaster environments is increasing. In this study, a lightweight composite panel was used to produce post-disaster housing for refugees to compensate for the disadvantages of existing evacuation facilities. For this purpose, an evaluation of structural performance and thermal environment for post-disaster housing for refugees composed of lightweight composite panels was performed. To assess the structural performance, a lateral loading test was conducted on a system made of lightweight composite panels. The specimens consisted of two types, which differed according to the bonding method, as a variable. In addition, the seismic and wind loads were calculated in accordance with KBC 2016 and compared with the experimental results. Regarding the energy performance, optimization of south-facing window planning and window-wall ratio and solar heat gain coefficient were analyzed to minimize heating, cooling, and lighting energy. As a result, the specimens composed of lightweight composite panels will perform sufficiently safely for lateral loads and the optimized window planning will lead to a low-energy operation.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.23-31
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• 2019

The design requirements of modern satellites vary depending on the purpose of operation. Like conventional medium and large-scale satellites, small satellites which operate on low orbit may also serve military purposes. As a result, there is increased demand for high-resolution photos and videos and multi-target observation becomes important. The most important design parameter for multi-target observation is the satellites' maneuverability. For increased maneuverability, the miniaturization is required to increase the stiffness of the satellite as this decreases the mass moment of inertia of the satellite. In the case of a solar panel having relatively low stiffness compared to the satellites' body, vibrations are generated when the attitude maneuver is performed, which greatly influences the image acquisition. For verification of such vibrational characteristics, the satellites is modeled as a reduced model, and experimental zig for simulating attitude maneuver is introduced. A rigidity simulator for simulating the stiffness of the satellite is also proposed. Additionally, the objective of the experimental method is to simulate the maneuvering angle of the satellite based on the winding length of the wire using a step motor, and to experimentally verify the vibration characteristics of the satellite body and the solar panel generated during the maneuvering test.

• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.89-111
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• 2017

The following study aims for analyzing the effects of influencing factors of self-esteem for persons with disabilities in the generation of echo-boomers. 278 disabled people born form 1992 to 1979 among the participants in the $7^{th}$ Panel Survey on persons with disabilities have been selected for ensuring reliability of analyzing this survey. As for the method of research, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, And multiple regression analysis were used for verifying influencing factors of their self-esteem. As the result of the examination which analyzed factors effecting self-esteem of persons with disabilities, self-esteem tends to be increased when academic levels and interpersonal relation skills are increased in the human major human capitals factors. In terms of the factors of Socio-Econimic, self-esteem is likely to be increased when they do not have any experiences of discrimination in their daily lives and when they subjectively feel their socio-economic positions are higher enough. In accordance to the results of this study, strategies of policy and practice in social welfare for the persons with disabilities in the generation of echo-boomers are suggested to include all that factors between human capitals factors and socio-economic factors to increases their self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.55
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• pp.31-58
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• 2017

This study aims to explore the longitudinal reciprocal relationship between family conflict and depression level of household head. Using the Korean Welfare Panel study (KOWEPS) of 2006-2009, the study applied multiple regression analysis and autoregressive cross-lagged model to test the hypothesis. Results of multiple regression analysis indicate that single direction of the impact of family conflict on a head of household's levels of depression and the vise versa were statistically significant. That is, higher level of family conflict in 2006 caused an increased levels of depression of household head in 2009, controlling gender, age and depression level in 2006. Also, the higher level of depression of household head in 2006 increased the level of family conflict in 2009 fixed with same control variables. The autoregressive and cross-lagged coefficients of family conflict and a head of household's levels of depression were statistically significant during the 4 years. The findings support the family system theory, indicating that there are reciprocal causal relationships between the whole family conflict and individual depression level. The strategies of social welfare practice and policy should thus aim to decrease individual's levels of depression and improve positive family function simultaneously to break the vicious circle.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.277-285
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• 2019

An inverse correlation between obesity and arterial stiffness has been reported, but there are no consistent results in elderly subjects. This study examined the relationship between the arterial stiffness measured by the CAVI (cardio-ankle vascular index) and BMI (body mass index) in healthy elderly people. This study included 629 healthy elderly people aged 65 and over who underwent health examinations at a general hospital in Gyeonggi from July 2018 to June 2019. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III of the US National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Among the criteria of NCEP-ATP III, the waist circumference and obesity criteria were based on the WHO criteria. All subjects underwent a biochemical blood test and an assessment of the CAVI. In both men and women, the CAVI was lower in the obese group than in the normal weight group. Gender (P=0.047), age (P<0.001), BMI (P<0.001), and waist circumference (P=0.008) were factors affecting the CAVI. Gender, high blood pressure, and hyperglycemia were independent positive predictors of the CAVI levels, while obesity was a negative predictor. Therefore, the CAVI and BMI showed an inverse correlation. In conclusion, there was an inverse correlation between the CAVI and BMI in the elderly, and obesity was a negative predictor of the CAVI.