• Medical Lasers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.84-87
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• 2020

Post-acne erythema (PAE) is one of the major problems during or after treatment of acne vulgaris with any modality. A variety of therapeutic options have been described with various clinical outcomes and side effects. We report here on treating a patient with PAE using 595-nm picosecond-domain neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. After four sessions of treatment, the patient displayed nearly complete improvement and no remarkable adverse effects. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of the effective treatment of PAE using a 595-nm picosecond-domain Nd:YAG laser. We recommend that using a 595-nm picosecond-domain Nd:YAG laser can be both an effective and safe treatment option for treating PAE.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.331-336
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• 2010

We evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of proanthocyanidin-rich extract (PAE) from Pinus radiata bark in broiler. Proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and thymocytes was significantly enhanced in 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg PAE-treated broiler chickens. Proliferation of splenocytes was significantly enhanced in 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg PAE-treated broiler chickens. These effects were markedly enhanced by the presence of LPS, which acts on B cells responsible for humoral immunity, and Con A, which acts directly on T cells involved in cell mediated immunity. PAE significantly promoted the expression of interleukin-18 and interleukin-$1\beta$. Thus, PAE from P. radiata possesses immunomodulatory effects in broiler chickens.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.337-346
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• 2021

Detection of abnormal signal generally can be done by using features of normal signals as main information because of data imbalance. This paper propose an efficient method for abnormal signal detection using parallel AutoEncoder (AE) which can use features of abnormal signals as well. The proposed Parallel AE (PAE) is composed of a normal and an abnormal reconstructors having identical AE structure and train features of normal and abnormal signals, respectively. The PAE can effectively solve the imbalanced data problem by sequentially training normal and abnormal data. For further detection performance improvement, additional binary classifier can be added to the PAE. Through experiments using public acoustic data, we obtain that the proposed PAE shows Area Under Curve (AUC) improvement of minimum 22 % at the expenses of training time increased by 1.31 ~ 1.61 times to the single AE. Furthermore, the PAE shows 93 % AUC improvement in detecting abnormal underwater acoustic signal when pre-trained PAE is transferred to train open underwater acoustic data.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.216-233
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• 2021

In this work, Rhizophora spp. particleboard phantoms were made using SPI-based adhesives, modified with sodium hydroxide and itaconic acid polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt%). An X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging system was used to ascertain the CT numbers and density distribution profiles of the particleboards. The SPI-based/NaOH/IA-PAE/Rhizophora spp. particleboard phantoms with 15 wt% IA-PAE addition level had the highest solid content, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and internal bonding strength of 36.06 ± 1.08%, 18.61 ± 0.38 Nmm^-2, 7605.76 ± 0.89 Nmm^-2, and 0.463 ± 0.053 Nmm^-2, respectively. The moisture content, mass density, water absorption, and dimensional stability were 6.93 ± 0.27%, 0.962 ± 0.037 gcm^-3, 22.36 ± 2.47%, and 10.90 ± 0.86%, respectively. The results revealed that the mass attenuation coefficients and effective atomic number values within the 16.59-25.26 keV photon energy region, were close to the calculated XCOM values in water, with a p-value of 0.077. Moreover, the CT images showed that the dissimilarities in the discrepancy of the profile density decreased as the IA-PAE concentrations increased. Therefore, these results support the appropriateness of the SPI-based/NaOH/IA-PAE/Rhizophora spp. particleboard with 15 wt% IA-PAE adhesive as a suitable tissue-equivalent phantom material for medical health applications.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.263-263
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• 2006

Poly (ethylene glycol)(PEG) - Poly (${\varepsilon}-caprolactone(CL)$) - Poly (D,L lactide(LA) (PCLA-PEG-PCLA) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization to form temperature sensitive hydrogel triblock copolymer. The triblock copolymer was acrylated by acryloyl chloride. ${\beta}-amino$ ester was used as a pH sensitive moiety, in this study ${\beta}$- amino ester obtained from 1,4-butandiol diacrylate, and 4, 4' trimethylene dipiperidine, it have pKb around 6.6. pH/temperature sensitive penta-block copolymer (PAE-PCL-PEG-PCL-PAE) was synthesized by addition polymerization from acrylated triblock copolymer, 1,4-butandiol diacrylate, and 4, 4' trimethylene dipiperidine. Their physicochemical properties of triblock and penta-block copolymers were characterized by $^1H-NMR$ spectroscopy and gel permeation spectroscopy. Sol-gel phase transition behavior of PAE-PCL-PEG-PCL-PAE block copolymers were investigated by remains stable method. Aqueous media of the penta-block copolymer (at 20 wt%) changed from a sol phase at pH 6.4 and $10^{\circ}C$ to a gel phase at pH 7.4 and $37^{\circ}C$. The sol-gel transition properties of these block copolymers are influenced by the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance of the copolymers, block length, hydrophobicity, stereo-regularity of the hydrophobic of the block copolymer, and the ionization of the pH function groups in the copolymer depended on the changing of environmental pH, respectively. The degradation and the stabilization at pH 7.4 and $37^{\circ}C$, and the stabilization at pH 6.4 and $10^{\circ}C,\;5^{\circ}C,\;0^{\circ}C$, of the gel were determined. The results of toxicity experiment show that the penta block copolymer can be used for injection drug delivery system. The sol?gel transition of this block copolymer also study by in vitro test ($200{\mu}l$ aqueous solution at 20wt% polymer was injected to mouse). Insulin loading and releasing by in vitro test was investigated, the results showed that insulin can loading easily into polymer matrix and release time is around 14-16days. The PAE-PCL-PEG-PCL-PAE can be used as biomaterial for drug, protein, gene loading and delivery.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.15-15
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• 2004

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.102-106
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• 2009

This paper presents the design and optimization of output matching network according to envelope for class F power amplifier(PA) which is to apply to envelope elimination and restoration(EER) transmitter. In this paper, to increase the PAE of class F power amplifier which applies to EER transmitter, the varactor diode has been used on output matching network. As envelope changes, it optimizes constitution of harmonic trap that is short circuit in 2nd-harmonic and is open circuit in 3rd-harmonic. When drain voltage changes from 25 V to 30 V, some percentage is improved in the PAE.put the abstract of paper here.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.107-111
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• 2009

In this paper, the power added efficiency(PAE) of a Doherty amplifier has been improved by applying Photonic Bandgap(PBG) characteristics on the output of amplifier. As a result of the high order harmonics termination, excellent improvement in PAE, maximum output power as well as linearity is obtained. The PAE is improved as much as relatively 35% compared with a conventional Doherty amplifier. Moreover, size of LPF is reduced by PBG characteristics. Therefore the whole amplifier circuit size is considerably reduced by diminishing in size of the LPF as compared with a Doherty amplifier using conventional LPFs.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.79-94
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• 2008

Although inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide(NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in host defense mechanism, these overproduction contributes to the pathogenesis of several diseases such as otitis media, hearing loss, periodontitis, bacterial sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. We investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of water extract from Ji-Pae-San(JPSWE) fomulated with Angelica dahurica plus Fritillaria Verticillata, Angelica dahurica(ADWE), and Fritillaria Verticillata(FUVE) in vitro and in vivo. Each extract inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators(NO, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and prostaglandin $E_2$) and the expression of inducible NO synthase(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. These inhibitory effects were synergistically increased by their combination. JPSWE also inhibited $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6. and $PGE_2$ production as well as COX activity in LPS-stimulated mice. Moreover, JPSWE significantly suppressed death by LPS-septic shock in mice(survival rate: 100%). These results suggest that Ji-Pae-San may be useful for therapeutic drugs against inflammatory immune diseases, probably by suppressing the production of inflammatory mediators.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2014

In this paper, a high-efficiency power amplifier is implemented using a gate and drain bias control circuit for WPT (Wireless Power Transmission). This control circuit has been employed to improve the PAE (Power Added Efficiency). The gate and drain bias control circuits consists of a directional coupler, power detector, and operation amplifier. A high gain two-stage amplifier using a drive amplifier is used for the low input stage of the power amplifier. The proposed power amplifier that uses a gate and drain bias control circuit can have high efficiency at a low and high power level. The PAE has been improved up to 80.5%.