• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 2003

Various physicochemical parameters for the active ingredients of 245 herbicides were calculated to develope a diagnosis and estimation system for utility as herbicide. The range of physico-chemical parameters for each inhibitors of photo system II (H1), acetolactate synthase (ALS) (H2) and herbicides were confirmed. The distribution ranges of 85% dependence for each physicochemical parameters were Obs.logP :$-0.90\sim4.50$, dipol moment: $1.80\sim12.22$ (debye), molecular refractivity: $53.0\sim104.0(cm^3/mol)$, polarizability: $19.0\sim37.0(\AA^3)$, HOMO energy: $-9.98\sim-7.34$ (eV), LUMO energy:$-2.76\sim0.40$ (eV), Van der Waals molecular volumes: $558.0\sim995.0(cm^3)$, molecular weight: $202.0\sim430.0$ (amu) and surface areas (Grids): $194.0\sim356.0(\AA^2)$, hydration energy: $-10.16\sim114.7$ Kcal/mol, respectively. It is suggested that MR and polarizability constants will be able to distinguish between herbicides and medicinal drugs. Results revealed that various compounds based on the range of physicochemical parameters of herbicides could be diagnosed and estimated.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.190-194
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• 2002

Expression of Bacillus subtilis glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS) in Escherichia coli is lethal for the host, probably because this enzyme misaminoacylates ${tRNA_l}^{Gln}$ with glutamate in vivo. In order to overexpress B. subtilis GluRS, encoded by the gltX gene, in E. coli, this gene was amplified from B. subtilis 168 chromosomal DNA using PCR method and the entire coding region was cloned into a pET11a expression vector so that it was expressed under the control or the T7 Promoter. The resulting recombinant pEBER plasmid was transformed into E. coli Novablue (DE3) bearing the T7 RNA polymerase gene for expression. After IPTG treatment, the overproduced enzyme was purified using ammonium sulfate fractionation, Source Q anion exchange chromatography, Superdex-200 gel filtration, and Mono Q anion exchange chromatography. The purified enzyme yielded 18-fold increase in specific activity over the crude cell extract and its molecular weight was approximately 55 kDa on SDS-PAGE.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 2014

This study investigated the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of corn stover in three maize-planting regions in Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang Province, China. The whole stover was separated into seven morphological fractions, i.e., leaf blade, leaf sheath, stem rind, stem pith, stem node, ear husk, and corn tassel. The assessment of nutritive value of corn stover and its fractions was performed based on laboratory assays of the morphological proportions, chemical composition, and in situ degradability of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). The chemical composition of corn stover was significantly different from plant top to bottom (p<0.05). Among the whole corn stover and seven morphological fractions, leaf blade had the highest crude protein (CP) content and the lowest NDF and ADF contents (p<0.05), whereas stem rind had the lowest CP content and the highest ADF and acid detergent lignin (ADL) contents (p<0.05). Ear husk had significantly higher NDF content and relatively lower ADL content than other corn stover fractions. Overall, the effective degradability of DM, NDF, and ADF in rumen was the highest in leaf blade and stem pith, followed by ear husk. The results indicate that leaf blade, ear husk, and stem pith potentially have higher nutritive values than the other fractions of corn stover. This study provides reference data for high-efficiency use of corn stover in feeding ruminants.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.2 s.30
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• pp.194-200
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• 1990

The paraoxonase (E. C. 3.1.1.2) is a major enzyme to detoxicate the organophosphorus and carbamate which are the most widely used as the agricultural spraying insecticides. To investgate the distributions of plasma paraoxonase activity and the factors affecting the enzyme activity, the plasmas of 945 Korean rural population were analysed with the modified Krisch's direct sphectrphotometry method. Three indices of the enzyme activity - basal activity, stimulated activity (by NaCl), % stimulation - were obtained from the analysis. Three indicies suggested unimodal distributions, so we couldn't identify the low activity group risk group to organophosphorus & carbamate insecticides poisoning. There is no significant relation between 3 actvity indicies and sex, age, or history of insecticide use (p>0.05). The basal activity and the stimulated activity have significant relationship and high coefficient of determination with the activities of their parents ($r^2$=0.30, 0.24 ; p<0.05), but the % stimulation does not ($r^2$=0.02 ; p<0.05). These results suggest that the activity of paraoxonase is determined mainly by the genetic factor.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.227-238
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine physical activities and health belief in order to provide basic data on obesity prevention and management among elementary school students based on the health belief model. Methods: Participants included 194 fifth grade students in an elementary school located in Seoul. Data were collected by questionnaires and physical measurement, including weight and height. The SPSS Win 17.0 program using descriptive statistics, ANOVA with Scheff$\acute{e}$ post hoc tests, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients was used in data analysis. Results: Significant differences were observed in physical activity according to perceived severity (F=3.444, p=.034), perceived benefit (F=7.674, p=.001), perceived barrier (F=21.014, p<.001), and self-efficacy (F=22.098, p<.001). A significant difference in physical activity (t=4.502, p<.001) and perceived severity (t=-2.278, p=.024) was observed according to gender. Significant differences in physical activity (t=7.633, p=.006), perceived barrier (t=10.826, p=.001), and self-efficacy (t=5.928, p=.016) were observed according to obesity status. Significant differences were observed in physical activity (F=7.503, p=.001), perceived susceptibility (F=37.904, p<.001), and perceived barrier (F=3.425, p=.035) depending on level of satisfaction with body image. Conclusions: In order to promote physical activity among children with low physical activity, development of program with an emphasis on the benefits of physical activity and physical activity self-efficacy, and to decrease the barriers to physical activity is needed.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.190-194
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• 2011

After the first report that electrons with sub-ionization energy of DNA could cause single strand breaks or double strand breaks to DNA, there have been various studies to investigate the mechanisms of DNA damage by low-energy electrons. In this paper, we examined the possibility of using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to analyze the dissociation patterns of the molecular bonds by electron irradiation on DNA thin films and tried to establish the method as a general tool for studying the radiation damage of biomolecules by low energ yelectrons. For the experiment, pBR322 plasmid DNA solution was formed into the films on tantalum plates by lyophilization and was irradiated by 5-eV electrons. Un-irradiated and irradiated DNA films were compared and analyzed using the XPS technique.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.188-194
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• 2001

Increasing the user's need in the building facilities, the architects, engineers, and building managers must consider the user's opinion when they plan and construct the buildings. When planning and managing of the buildings, accepting the user's opinion is desirable and indispensible to solve the Problems about the architectural facilities between suppliers and users. To supply the efficient working environments, use the check listing tools and operate the post occupancy evaluation. The real estate and development company is selected for the evaluation. It is renovated in 2000 to fit in its working environment. The process of the evaluation is proceeded both private and group working spaces and facility and management of the buildings with 10 categories. Following the result of Post occupancy evaluation, the users of the building are mostly satisfied with their working environments after the renovation. However, the categories in thermal environment and indoor air and supply for office work need to be improved in advance.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.1077-1085
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• 2010

With an emphasis on its thermal behavior with different pHs and salts, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the purified polygalacturonase (PG) from E. carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc) BR1 were studied, as the characterization of an enzyme is significant in the context of burgeoning biotechnological applications. The thermodynamic parameters for polygalacturonic acid hydrolysis by the purified PG were ${\Delta}H^*$=7.98 kJ/mol, ${\Delta}G^*$=68.86 kJ/mol, ${\Delta}S^*$=-194.48 J/mol/K, ${\Delta}G_{E-S}$=-1.04 kJ/mol, and ${\Delta}G_{E-T}$=-8.96 kJ/mol. In addition, its turnover number ($k_{cat}$) was 21/sec. The purified PG was stable within a temperature range of $20-50^{\circ}C$ and was deactivated at $60^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$. The thermodynamic parameters (${\Delta}H^*$, ${\Delta}G^*$, ${\Delta}S^*$) for the irreversible inactivation of the PG at different temperatures ($30-60^{\circ}C$) were determined, where the effectiveness of various salts and different pHs (4-8) for the thermal stability of the PG were also characterized. The efficacy of various salts for the thermal stability of the PG was in the following order: $MgCl_2$ > $BaCl_2$ > KCl > $CaCl_2$ >NaCl. Therefore, the present work presents the biochemical, substrate hydrolysis thermodynamics and the thermal stabilization parameters of the PG from Ecc.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2018

Electrochemical reduction of nitrate was studied using Zn, Cu and (Ir+Ru)-Ti cathodes and Pt/Ti anode in a cell divided by an ion exchange membrane. During electrolysis, effects of the different cathode types on operating parameters (i.e., voltage, temperature and pH), nitrate removal efficiency and by-products (i.e., nitrite and ammonia) formation were investigated. Ammonia oxidation rate in the presence of NaCl was also determined using the different ratios of hypochlorous acid to ammonia. The operating parameter values were similar for all types of cathode materials and were maintained relatively constant. Nitrate was well reduced and converted mostly to ammonia using Zn and Cu cathodes. Ammonia, produced as a by-product of nitrate reduction, was oxidized in the presence of NaCl in the electrochemical process and the oxidation performance was enhanced upon increasing the hypochlorous acid-to-ammonia ratio to 1.09:1. Zn and Cu cathodes promoted the nitrate reduction to ammonia and the produced ammonia was finally removed from solution by reacting with hypochlorite ions. Using Zn or Cu cathodes, instead of noble metal cathodes, in the electrochemical process can be an alternative technology for nitrate-containing wastewater treatment.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2009

Purpose: Chronic abdominal pain is a common complaint encountered in pediatric clinics. This study aimed to investigate chronic functional abdominal pain in Korean children and adolescents by applying the Rome III criteria. Methods: A prospective study on chronic abdominal pain in 194 patients was conducted between July 2006 and August 2007. The parents of the subjects were asked to respond to a questionnaire based on the Rome III criteria. These responses were evaluated by pediatricians, and subsequently, the patients were clinically evaluated. Results: On the basis of the results of the medical evaluation, 167 of the 194 patients (86.1%) were diagnosed with functional gastrointestinal disorders, i.e., no organic causes of chronic abdominal pain were detected during the medical evaluation. Of these 167 patients, 89.8% of the patients satisfied one of the Rome III criteria, while 10.2% of the patients did not satisfy any of the Rome III criteria for chronic abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders (functional dyspepsia, 29.3%; irritable bowel syndrome, 25.7%; abdominal migraine, 7.8%; childhood functional abdominal pain, 27.0%; and childhood functional abdominal pain syndrome, 12.6%). Compared to other symptom subtypes, children with childhood functional abdominal pain experienced an earlier onset and a shorter duration of symptoms. Conclusion: The Rome III criteria are more comprehensive; the use of these criteria will provide more accurate information and better diagnoses for children and adolescents with chronic abdominal pain.