• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 1995

This experiment was attempted to improve ethanol productivity by immobilization of Kluyveromyces marxianus FO43 using Jerusalem artichoke powder. Sucrose medium was used to determine optimum conditions for cell immobilization. The optimum conditions were alginate concentration of 2%, bead size of 2 mm, a particle input ratio of 30 : 100, cultivation period of 24 hours, and substrate concentration of 10%(w/v). The immobilized cells produced the high concentrations of ethanol at pH $4.5{\sim}6.5$ and $30{\sim}45^{\circ}C$, broader ranges of pH and temperatures than those of free cells. Under optimum conditions the immobilized cells showed ethanol concentration of 46.4 g/L and productivity of 1.93 g/L.h. The microphotograph using a two phase contrast microscope showed that immobilized cells cultivated under the optimum conditions were densely populated toward the surface area of beads.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.13-19
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• 2015

This study was performed to test the combustive properties of Pinus rigida specimens treated with phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) additives. Each Pinus rigida specimen was painted three times with 15 wt% P-N additive solutions at room temperature. After drying the treated specimens, the combustion properties were examined using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). The time to ignition (TTI) for the treated specimens was 90 to 148 s except for the specimen treated with PP/$4NH_4^+$, and the time to flameout (TF) was 556 to 633 s, which was longer than that of virgin plate. While the The specimens treated with P-N additives showed 12.5 to 43.4% higher mean heat release rate ($HRR_{mean}$) and 11.8 to 43.1% higher total heat release (THR) than virgin plate. The effective heat of combustion (EHC) was by 2.9 to 17.5% lower than that of virgin plate. It can thus be concluded that the combustion-retardation properties were partially improved compared to those of virgin plate.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.188-192
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• 2010

Inflammatory reactology has become increasingly important in diabetic kidney disease. In this study, we estabilished STZ-induced diabetic rat model to investigate whether dendritic cells (DCs) mediated tubulointerstitial damages, and whether the effects by DCs were mediated by P-selectin expression and can be inhibited by atorvastatin. The study demonstrated that there was an accumulation of DCs in diabetic rats mediated by P-selectin. It also showed the accumulation of DCs and expression of P-selectin was closely correlated with the degree of renal tubulointerstitial injury. These effects were markedly attenuated by atorvastatin. Thus, DCs play a role in tubulointerstitial damages, atorvasttin can prevent renal tubulointerstitium from damage by inhibiting the P-selectin expression and DCs migration.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1990

The present study was conducted to investigate the incidence of pasteurella multocida infection in kyungbuk swine herds during the period from July 1989 to November 1989 and some properties of the isolated organisms. P. multocida was isolated from lungs of 155 slaughtered pigs, 43(27.7%) pigs were culture positive. The majority of biochemical and cultural properties of the P. multocida isolates were identical to those of the standard strains. The capsular serogroups and drug susceptibility of 43 isolates of P. multocida from pigs with pneumonic lesions were investigated. P. multocida isolates were typed for capsular serogroupes A by hyaluronidase inhibition of capsule and D by acriflavin auto agglutination. Most isolates(60.4%) were type A, 18.6% were type D, and the remaining 21.0% were untypable. In antimicrobial susceptibility test these isolates of P. multocida were susceptible in order of ampicillin (86.0%), trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole(83.7%), colistin(81.4%), chloramphenicol(79.1%), but the majority of them were resistant in order of streptomycin(30.2%), triple sulfa (4.6%).

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.201-207
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• 2018

Porphyromonas gingivalis is among the major etiological pathogens of chronic periodontitis. The virulence mechanisms of P. gingivalis is yet to be identified as its activity is largely unknown in actual disease process. The purpose of this study is to identify antigens of P. gingivalis expressed only in patients with chronic periodontitis using a unique immunoscreening technique. Change Mediated Antigen Technology (CMAT), an antibody-based screening technique, was used to identify virulence-associated proteins of P. gingivalis that are expressed only during infection stage in patients having chronic periodontitis. Out of 13,000 recombinant clones screened, 22 tested positive for reproducible reactivity with rabbit hyperimmune anti-sera prepared against dental plaque samples acquired from periodontitis patients. The DNA sequences of these 18 genes were determined. CMAT-identified protein antigens of P. gingivalis included proteins involved in energy metabolism and biosynthesis, heme and iron binding, drug resistance, specific enzyme activities, and unknown functions. Further analysis of these genes could result in a novel insight into the virulence mechanisms of P. gingivalis.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2010

In this study, thermal stability of the mechanical properties of Ni-P-B and Ni-P-Fe layers electroplated on Alloy 600 material was evaluated by measuring their microhardness, tensile strength, and elongation after heat treatment at $325^{\circ}C$ and $400^{\circ}C$. According to the results, there was no noticeable change in microhardness of the two electrodeposits before and after heat treatment at the temperatures for 30 days. In the case of a Ni-P-B electrodeposit, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) slightly increases with heat treatment time, while its elongation decreases, showing good thermal stability in the mechanical properties at high temperature. On the other hand, UTS and elongation of Ni-P-Fe decrease with heat treatment time, which is very unusual observation. This result was attributed to the bad microstructure of Ni-P-Fe having many defects in the deposit formed early stage of an electroplating process and their redistribution to link to become large ones during heat treatment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.887-892
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• 2015

Uricase is an important microbial enzyme that can be used in the clinical treatment of gout, hyperuricemia, and tumor lysis syndrome. A total of 127 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested for uricase production. A Pseudomonas strain named Ps43 showed the highest level of native uricase enzyme expression. The open reading frame of the uricase enzyme was amplified from Ps43 and cloned into the expression vector pRSET-B. Uricase was expressed using E. coli BL21 (DE3). The ORF was sequenced and assigned GenBank Accession No. KJ718888. The nucleotide sequence analysis was identical to the coding sequence of uricase gene puuDof P. aeruginosa PAO1. We report the successful expression of P. aeruginosa uricase in Escherichia coli. E. coli showed an induced protein with a molecular mass of about 58 kDa that was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. We also established efficient protein purification using the Ni-Sepharose column with activity of the purified enzyme of 2.16 IU and a 2-fold increase in the specific activity of the pure enzyme compared with the crude enzyme.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate attitudes and preventive practice of pressure ulcer among hospital nurses and identify factors affecting their preventive practice of pressure ulcer. Methods: Data were collected at April, 2011 in a university hospital in Korea. A total of 140 hospital nurses completed a questionnaire including attitudes and preventive practice of pressure ulcer. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Spearmans rho, and stepwise multiple regression via SPSS/WIN 20.0. Results: Levels of attitudes and preventive practice of pressure ulcer were average 3.65 out of 5 and 2.19 out of 3 respectively. There was significant difference in preventive practice of pressure ulcer by area of practice ($x^2$= 43.35, p<.001), frequency of pressure ulcer care ($x^2$=10.72, p=.013), and experience of wound care education (Ζ=4.73, p=.030). The attitudes toward pressure ulcer prevention were positive correlated to preventive practice among nurses (rho=.190, p=.049). Area of practice, attitude toward pressure ulcer prevention and experience of wound care education explained 48% of variance in preventive practice of pressure ulcer. Conclusion: For improving quality of care, it is important to provide educations to change nurses attitudes toward preventive practice of pressure ulcer.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2001

Staphylokinase (SAK) was produced in B. subtilis using two different promoter systems, i.e. the P43 and sacB promoters. To maximize SAK expression in B. subtilis, fermentation control strategies for each promoter were examined. SAK, under P43, a vegetative promoter transcribed mainly by $\sigma$(sup)B containing RNA polymerase, was overexpressed at low dissolved oxygen (D.O.) levels, suggesting that the sigB operon is somewhat affected by the energy charge of the cells. The expression of SAK at the 10% D.O. level was three times higher than that at the 50% D.O. level. In the case of sacB, a sucrose-inducible promoter, sucrose feeding was used to control the induction period and induction strength. Since sucrose is hydrolyzed by two sucrose hydrolyzing enzymes in the cell and culture broth, the control strategy was based on replenishing the loss of sucrose in the culture. With continuous feeding of sucrose, WB700 (pSAKBQ), which contains the SAK gene under sacB promoter, yielded ca. 35% more SAK than the batch culture. These results present efficient promoter-dependent control strategies in B. subtilis host system for foreign protein expression.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.5 s.88
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• pp.525-534
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• 2001

Bone remodeling in response to force requires coordinated actions of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and periodontal ligament cells. Coordination among these cells may be mediated, in part, by cell-to-cell communication via gap junctions. This study was designed to evaluate the expression of gap junction, connection 43 In periodontal tissue during the experimental movement of rat's incisors, by LSAB(labelled streptavidine biotin) immunohistochemical staining for connexin 43. Twenty seven Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group(3 rats), and 6 experimental groups(24 rats) where 75g of force was applied from helical springs across the maxillary incisors. Rats of experimental groups were sacrificed at 12 hours, 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days after force application, respectively. And the tissues of a control group and experimental groups were studied immunohistochemically. The results were as follows : 1. In control group, the expression of connexin 43 was rare in gingiva, dentin, cementum, periodontal ligament, and bone cells. 2. In experimental group, the expression of connexin 43 was increased in pulp, periodontal ligament, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, comparing to that in control. And it was rare in gingiva, dentin, and odontoblasts regardless of the duration of force application, which was not different from that of control group. 3. The expression of connexin 43 in pulp of experimental group began to increase in 4-day after force application and got to the highest degree at 7-day. And it decreased after 14-day to be similar to that of control group at 28-day. 4. The expression of connexin 43 in periodontal ligament was noted in small capillaries adjacent to alveolar bone, showing higher intensity of immunolabelling after 4-day And it was stronger in the pressure side than in tension side of periodontal ligament. After 7-day, decrease in connexin 43 expression was observed. 5. The expression of connexin 43 in alveolar bone began to increase 1-day, reached to the highest degree at 4-day, and decreased at 7-day. And the expression in osteoclasts was more than that in osteoblasts or osteocyte at 7-day.