• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.2741-2746
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• 2013

The immobilization of enzyme is one of the key issues both in the field of enzymatic research and industrialization. In this work, we reported a facile method to immobilize Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB) in alginate carrier. In the presence of calcium cation, the enzyme-alginate suspension could be cross-linked to form beads with porous structure at room temperature, and the enzyme CALB was dispersed in the beads. Activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was verified by enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of p-nitrophenol butyrate in aqueous phase. The effects of reaction parameters such as temperature, pH, embedding and lyophilized time on the reactive behavior were discussed. Reuse cycle experiments for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenol butyrate demonstrated that activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was maintained without marked deactivation up to 6 repeated cycles.

• Carbon letters
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.55-61
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• 2004

Adsorption isotherms of p-nitrophenol from its aqueous solutions on two samples of activated carbon fibres and two samples of granulated activated carbons have been determined in the concentration range 40~800 mg/L (ppm). The surface of these carbons was modified by oxidation with nitric acid and oxygen gas, and by degassing the carbon surface under vacuum at temperatures of $400^{\circ}C$, $650^{\circ}C$ and $950^{\circ}C$. The oxidation of carbon enhances the amount of carbon-oxygen surface groups, while degassing decreases the amount of these surface groups. The adsorption of p-nitrophenol does not depend upon the surface area alone but appears to be influenced by the presence of oxygen groups on the carbon surface. The adsorption decreases on oxidation while the degassing of the carbon surface enhances the adsorption. The decrease in adsorption depends upon the strength of the oxidative treatment being much larger in case of the oxidation with nitric acid, while the decrease in adsorption on degassing depends upon the temperature of degassing. The results show that while the presence of acidic surface groups which are evolved as $CO_2$ on degassing suppress the adsorption of p-nitrophenol, the presence of non acidic surface groups which are evolved as CO on degassing tend to enhance the adsorption. Suitable mechanisms compatible with the results have been presented.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.165-168
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• 1987

The effect of scoparone on UDP glucuronyltransfearase in mouse hepatic microsomes was studied. After transment with scoparone, hepatic microsomal UDP glucuronyltransferase activity was increased with dose-dependent manner as compared to control. The V$_max$ value (control = 23.2 n moles/mg protein/min, scoparone = 31.2 n moles/ mg protein /min) without affecting the $K_m$ value (414 $\mu$M) for p-nitrophenol was increased by the scoparone treatment, and the pattern of kinetic studies for UDP-glucuronic acid was also similar to those of p-nitrophenol. Whereas, the hepatic microsomal UDP glucuronyl-transferase was not changed by the addition of scoparone in vitro. The results obtained suggest that the characteristics of increase in the enzyme activity may include induction of enzyme proteins.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.23-23
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• 1992

횐 쥐에서 sulfotransferase 양성균주를 검색한 결과 호기성 조건보다는 혐기성 조건의 균이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 곁과는 장내미생물의 대부분이 혐기성균이라는 것과도 일치하는 것이다. 검색용 배지에서 형광을 나타내는 Sulfotransferase를 생산하는 4개 균주에서 가장 활성이 높은 k-36균주에 대하여 동정하였다. K-36 균주는 혐기적 및 호기적 양조건에서 잘 자라는 통성혐기성균이고, Gas를 생산하며 포자를 생성하지 않는 Gram음성의 간균이었다. 이것으로 보아 이균은 Enterobacteriacease의 Klebsiella oxytoca 로 동정했다. K-36에서 분리한 Sulfotransferase의 반응양식은 p-nitrophenylsulfate와 p-nitrophenol이 반응시간과 함께 동량씩 감소하여 반응 생성물인 phenylsulfate와 p-nitrophenol을 생성시켰으며 sulfatase 반응은 진행되지 않았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.136-139
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• 2000

Fenton-like oxidation of para-nitrophenol(PNP) was studied using hydrogen peroxide iii combination with steeler's dust substituted for ferrous iron in Fenton's reaction. Various factors critical in the degradation of PNP were studied, including hydrogen peroxide dosage, concentration of steeler's dust. and initial pH. Experimental results showed that 1,000mg/L PNP and its oxidation intermediate could be mostly decomposed within 30m1n by 10g/L steeler's dust, 0.25% hydrogen peroxide, and initila pH of 3.0. The reaction rate constant (k) of CODcr concentration were calculated with the addition of steeler's dust(0.0059 min$^{-1}$ (g/L)$^{-1}$ ) and hydrogen peroxide(0.2965 min$^{-1}$ (%)$^{-1}$ ), respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.523-530
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• 2010

This study was conducted to analyze and determine formation potentials for chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs) from 14 synthetic nitrogen compounds with or without $Br^-$. 5 of 14 compounds were 3-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminophenol, aniline, anthranilic acid and 4-nitroaniline that were relatively shown high for formation of THMs/DOC whether or not $Br^-$ presented. 6 compounds that were p-nitrophenol, 3-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminophenol, aniline, anthranilic acid and 4-nitroaniline were shown high for formation of haloacetic acids (HAAs)/DOC whether or not $Br^-$ presented. Trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) was dominated in 6 compounds. The formation of haloacetonitriles (HANs)/DOC whether or not $Br^-$ presented was high in 3-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminophenol, aniline and anthranilic acid. Specially, aniline was detected 14.6∼16.1 ${\mu}g/mg$. The formation of chloral hydrate (CH)/DOC and chloropicrin (CP)/DOC were shown high in 3-aminobenzoic acid and 2-aminophenol in 14 compounds. 6 compounds (3-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminophenol, aniline, anthranilic acid, 4-nitroaniline, p-nitrophenol) and a commercial humic acid were tested for the formation of DBPs/DOC whether or not $Br^-$ presented. When $Br^-$ was added, the DBPs/DOC was higher for the order of aniline> anthranilic acid> 3-aminobenzoic acid> 4-nitroaniline> humic acid> p-nitrophenol> 2-aminophenol. And when $Br^-$ was not added, the DBPs/DOC was higher for the order of anthranilic acid> aniline> p-nitrophenol> humic acid> 4-nitroaniline> 3-aminobenzoic acid> 2-aminophenol.

• Nano
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1850123.1-1850123.9
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• 2018

The cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified montmorillonite (MMT) was synthesized via a novel "dissolution and reassembly" method. To determine the optimal formula, the adsorption of C.I. Reactive Red 2 (X3B) with CTAB/MMT was investigated. The optimal CTAB/MMT nanocomposite was used to remove 2,6-dichlorophenol and p-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions. The adsorption results can be described by Langmuir isotherm, and the adsorption capacities were 200 mg/g and 125 mg/g for 2,6-dichlorophenol and p-nitrophenol, respectively. To realize the quick separation and recycle, the magnetic CTAB/MMT was further strategized and synthesized. The adsorption equilibrium time was 15 min for both contaminants; the ions' strength showed a little bit of influence on the adsorption performance. In addition, compared with acidic condition, neutral condition was more beneficial to the adsorption reaction. Due to the addition of $Fe_3O_4$, the adsorption capacities of this magnetic nanocomposite for 2,6-dichlorophenol and p-nitrophenol were a little bit decreased, which were 170 mg/g and 91 mg/g, respectively. However, the magnetic nanocomposite can be separated within 30 s under an external magnetic field, which would be useful in the practical application.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.449-455
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• 1996

Betaine is one of the major water-soluble components in Lycii Fructus. In the present study the effect of repeated betaine treatment on the hepatotoxicity and the cytochrome P-4 50-dependent enzyme system was examined in adult female rats. Administrations of betaine (100 or 1,000mg/kg/day, ip) to rats repeatedly for 4 or 9 days did not evoke hepatotoxic response as determined by increases in glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) activities measured 24 hours following the final dose of betaine. The activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and p-nitrophenol hydroxylase as well as the contents of cytochrome P-450 were determined in hepatic microsomes of rats treated with betaine(1,000mg/kg/day, ip) for 4 or 9 days. Repeated treatment of rats with betaine for a period of 4 days induced a marginal decrease in the contents of cytochrome P-450, but did not influence the activities of p-nitrophenol hydroxylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase, or aminopyrine N-demethylase. Extension of the betaine treatment to 9 consecutive days failed to alter the parameters for hepatic drug metabolizing activity determined in the present study. Since repeated large doses of betaine were demonstrated to be tolerated by rats without showing any toxicity or changes in drug metabolizing enzyme activities in the liver, this compound appears to be relatively safe to animals upon long-term ingestion.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.278-285
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• 1999

In order to use heat shock promoter for the detection of toxic substances, dnaK promoter was amplified from E. coli genomic DNA by using a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) followed by sequencing and sub-cloning into the multi-cloning site of the plasmid, pUCD615. The pUCD615 is a broad-host-range vector containing promoterless lux operon originated from V.fischeri. The recombinant plasmid was transfered to E. coli DH5$\alpha$ through electroporation. The recombinant E. coli showed several patterns of bioluminescent responses to ethanol stress. The bioluminescent E. coli also showed responses to other toxic substances including FeK3(CN)6, CdCl2, p-nitrophenol and HgCl2. The increases of RLU(Relative Light Unit) were observed at 100ppm of FeK3(CN)6, 10ppm and 100ppm and 100ppm of CdCl2, 1ppm of 10ppm of p-nitrophenol and at 1ppm of HgCl2.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.105-106
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• 2001