• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.156-164
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess changes in remineralization by stimulated human saliva over a short period of 48 hours with quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technology. Materials and Methods: Bovine incisor surfaces were demineralized for 10 days. Two types of stimulated saliva were collected from 7 healthy persons. 24 hours after tooth brushing (Stimulated saliva group) and immediately after tooth brushing with 1,000 ppm NaF dentifrice (Dentifrice saliva group). The specimens were immersed in saliva and fluorescence images were obtained by QLF-digital (QLF-D $biluminator^{TM}$,) at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours fluorescence loss (${\Delta}F%$) of the lesions. A paired t-test was performed to assess fluorescence differences between before (${\Delta}F_{baseline}$) and after (${\Delta}F_{treatment\;time}$) the remineralization process. Results: Before the remineralization, the mean ${\Delta}F_{baseline}$ of the initial demineralized specimens was $-18.42{\pm}0.15$ (%). In both groups, the ${\Delta}F$ values obtained at baseline and after 2 hours were statistically significant (P < 0.001), indicating recovery of the lesions by approximately 40% after 2 hours. After 48 hours, remineralization rates were slightly higher (49%) for the stimulated saliva group than for the dentifrice saliva group (41%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: With QLF minute degrees of remineralization by saliva can be measured in periods as short as 2 hours. Additionally no significantly higher effects of remineralization were observed in the dentifrice saliva group when compared to the stimulated saliva group.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2008

The objective of the study which utilised population based data was to determine the respiratory condition of elementary school children in Gangneung. From October 9th to December 14th, 2006, Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) including Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratoy Volume in I Second $(FEV_1)$ were conducted on the target group of children using a spirometer. The prevalence of asthmatic symptoms was 29.8% among boys and 39.6% among girls. By using logistic regression, we found that family history of allergic rhinitis (OR=3.90, CI=1.05-14.51), experience of allergic conjunctivitis (OR=4.67, CI=1.54-14.16) and atopic dermatitis (OR=2.86, CI=1.17-7.05) significantly increased the asthmatic symptoms. Also, a family history of asthma and food allergy were associated with asthmatic symptoms. In relation to housing and environmental risk factors, residences under the ground (OR=3.59, CI=1.35-9.51) and big-size dolls (OR=2.71, CI=0.86-8.53) significantly increased the prevalence of asthmatic symptoms. For PFT, above four families, exposure of passive smoking and pets significantly reduced FVC in both groups (p<0.05). In girls, a big-size doll was significantly associated with decreased lung function (FVC and $FEV_1$). In boys, using bed significantly reduced $FEV_1$. Also, the risk of asthmatic symptoms was found to increase when the house has been built for 5 years or more, the house is close to a road $({\leq}100m)$, a gas/Kerosene heater or carpet is utilized within the house. However, their differences were not significant. It is concluded that genetic factor such as a family history of respiratory disease, allergic symptoms and housing risk factor are related to asthmatic symptoms. These results were worth noting because the findings will help address risk factors related respiratory symptoms especially in relation to housing and environment.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.542-550
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• 2016

굴 가수분해물의 이취 제거를 위한 가수분해 및 발효의 최적 조건과 이의 항산화 효과를 검토하였다. 이취 제거를 위한 굴 가수분해물의 최적 추출 조건은 Neutrase를 이용하여 E/S 3.3%, $50^{\circ}C$, 8.3시간이었으며, 발효 공정은 $24^{\circ}C$에서 glucose 0.5%와 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 5% 접종하였다. 굴 가수분해 발효물의 구성 아미노산은 25.7%에 해당하였으며, Glu, Asp, Lys, Leu, Arg, Gly 및 Ala이 전체의 61.2%를 차지하였다. 유리 아미노산 조성의 경우 Leu, Ala, Phe, Val 및 Tau의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 또한 무기질 함량은 Na, P, K, Zn, Fe이 높게 나타났으며, 정상 간세포주인 Chang cell에 대한 독성은 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 S. cerevisiae에 의해 수산물의 이미취를 masking 할 수 있으나, 기능성 원료로 사용하기 위해 최종 제품의 카드뮴 함량을 저감시킬 대책이 필요하다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제109권2호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 대도시공원 내 소나무군락의 토양권의 유기탄소 배출량을 정량화하여 기후요인과의 관계를 분석하고 이를 통해 토양호흡량 배출을 감축하기 위한 관리방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울시 남산에 위치하고 있는 소나무군락의 토양호흡량의 유기탄소량을 조사하고 환경요인과 연결시켜 관련성을 알아보았다. 그 결과 남산 소나무군락의 토양호흡량의 평균 유기탄소량은 7.978 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1로 2011년에 6.893 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1에서 2018년에 8.660 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1로 약 0.682 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1 만큼 증가하였다. 또한, 봄철(3월-5월)의 강수량은 토양호흡의 증감을 설명하는 환경요인 중 하나였다. 이는 도시림의 생태적 관리를 위해서는 토양함수량이 높아지지 않도록 배수관리가 중요함을 시사한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.602-607
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• 2018

Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays important roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the expression and biological role of miR-301b in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unclear. Here we aimed to evaluate the roles and mechanisms of miR-301b in TNBC cells. miR-301b expression was assessed in TNBC specimens and cell lines by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). TNBC cells were transfected with miR-301b mimics, inhibitors or Cylindromatosis (CYLD) small interfering RNA (siRNA) using Lipofectamine 2000. The functional roles of miR-301b were determined by cell proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis assays. Western blots and qRT-PCR were used to measure the expression of mRNAs and proteins in the cells. We found that miR-301b was upregulated in TNBC specimens and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-301b promoted cell proliferation in TNBC cells, while inhibited the apoptosis induced by 5-FU. CYLD was downregulated by miR-301b at both mRNA and protein levels in TNBC cells. Dual-luciferase report assay confirmed that miR-301b downregulated CYLD by direct interaction with the 3'-untranslated region(3'-UTR) of CYLD mRNA. $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation was mechanistically associated with miR-301b-mediated downregulation of CYLD. However, inhibition of miR-301b reversed all the effects of miR-301b. In conclusion, miR-301b plays an oncogenic role in TNBC possibly by downregulating CYLD and subsequently activating $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65, and this may provide a novel therapeutic approach for TNBC.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.638-646
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• 2014

Background The combination of polycaprolactone and hyaluronic acid creates an ideal environment for wound healing. Hyaluronic acid maintains a moist wound environment and accelerates the in-growth of granulation tissue. Polycaprolactone has excellent mechanical strength, limits inflammation and is biocompatible. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of bio-conjugated polycaprolactone membranes (BPM) as a wound dressing. Methods 16 New Zealand white rabbits were sedated and local anaesthesia was administered. Two $3.0{\times}3.0cm$ full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsum of each rabbit, between the lowest rib and the pelvic bone. The wounds were dressed with either BPM (n=12) or Mepitel (n=12) (control), a polyamide-silicon wound dressing. These were evaluated macroscopically on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days for granulation, re-epithelialization, infection, and wound size, and histologically for epidermal and dermal regeneration. Results Both groups showed a comparable extent of granulation and re-epithelialization. No signs of infection were observed. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in wound size between the two groups. BPM (n=6): $8.33cm^2$, $4.90cm^2$, $3.12cm^2$, $1.84cm^2$; Mepitel (n=6): $10.29cm^2$, $5.53cm^2$, $3.63cm^2$, $2.02cm^2$; at the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days. The extents of epidermal and dermal regeneration were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions BPM is comparable to Mepitel as a safe and efficacious wound dressing.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.416-430
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• 2017

The kenaf plant is used widely as food and in traditional folk medicine. This study evaluated the morphological characteristics, functional compounds, and genetic diversity of 32 kenaf cultivars from a worldwide collection. We found significant differences in the functional compounds of leaves from all cultivars, including differences in levels of chlorogenic acid isomer (CAI), chlorogenic acid (CA), kaempferol glucosyl rhamnoside isomer (KGRI), kaempferol rhamnosyl xyloside (KRX), kaemperitrin (KAPT) and total phenols (TPC). The highest TPC, KAPT, CA, and KRX contents were observed in the C22 cultivars. A significant correlation was observed between flowering time and DM yield, seed yield, and four phenolic compounds (KGRI, KRX, CAI, and TPC) (P < 0.01). To assess genetic diversity, we used 80 simple sequence repeats (SSR) primer sets and identified 225 polymorphic loci in the kenaf cultivars. The polymorphism information content and genetic diversity values ranged from 0.11 to 0.79 and 12 to 0.83, with average values of 0.39 and 0.43, respectively. The cluster analysis of the SSR markers showed that the kenaf genotypes could be clearly divided into three clusters based on flowering time. Correlations analysis was conducted for the 80 SSR markers; morphological, chemical and growth traits were found for 15 marker traits (corolla, vein, petal, leaf, stem color, leaf shape, and KGRI content) with significant marker-trait correlations. These results could be used for the selection of kenaf cultivars with improved yield and functional compounds.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2007

Olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus is one of the most important cultured fish in Korea, its farming has been negatively impacted by viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases. Streptococcal infection was considered as a serious problem because of significant economic losses in olive flounder farm industry. The development and evaluation of vaccine for protection against infection by this agent were required. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of ${\beta}$-hemolytic Streptococcus (S.) iniae vaccine on olive flounder Three hundreds of flounders (weight $119.8{\pm}20.7g$, body length $22.6{\pm}1.4cm$) were reared in 0.5 tons aquaria in land-marine tank system. Seawater was provided from the sea of Inchon in Korea, and water temperature was set to $22^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ in the vaccination and challenge test, respectively. We used the formalin-inactivated ${\beta}$-hemolytic S. iniae (F2K) vaccine (M VAC INIAE; Kyoritsu seiyaku, Japan) originated in Japan. The vaccine was intraperitoneally administered to fish. Both of vaccinated group and control group were challenged with intraperitoneally injection by virulent S. iniae SI-36 isolates with $1.0{\times}10^7CFU/fish$ at 3 weeks after vaccination. Difference on mortality of control and vaccinated group (90.0 and 15.0%, 76.5 and 8.0% respectively) at two trials were found significant (p<0.05), and relative percent survival were 83.4% and 89.5%, respectively. The dead fishes were showed dark pigmentation of skin, abdominal extension, hemorrhagic ascites, and liver necrosis, and isolated the S. iniae strain from ascites, liver and kidney. We confirmed the safety and efficacy of ${\beta}$-hemolytic S. iniae vaccine by determinations of the optimal management condition and artificial challenge test in olive flounder.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.229-235
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• 1997

국내산 밀(그루, 수원 257, 은파, 조광, 탑동)과 수입 밀(ASW, DNS)을 70% 제분수율로 제분한 밀가루와 통밀의 단백질, 아미노산, 구성당 및 무기질 조성을 살펴본 결과 다음과 같다. 국내산 통밀중 은파와 탑동의 경우 단백질 함량이 약 15%을 나타내었고, 제분한 밀가루는 약 1% 가량 낮은 함량을 보였다. 국내산 밀가루에 있어서 아미노산 조성은 점탄성에 영향을 주는 것으로 알려진 글루탐산과 프롤린의 함량이 높았고, 제한 아미노산은 국내산이 ASW 보다는 높고 DNS 보다는 낮게 나타났는데 특히, 수원 257과 탑동의 제한 아미노산 함량이 높았다. 제분 전후의 아미노산 함량에 있어서 글루탐산과 프롤린은 증가하나 리진과 트레오닌 등의 제한 아미노산 양은 감소하였다. 구성당의 조성은 통밀의 경우 밀가루 보다 아라비노스와 자일로스의 함량이 높았으며 글루코스의 함량이 낮게 나타났다. 한편, 국내산 밀은 외국산 밀에 비하여 아라비노스와 자일로스의 함량이 높게 나타났다. 국내산 밀가루와 통밀에 있어서 무기질 함량 중 인, 칼륨, 칼슘의 함량은 ASW와 DNS에 비하여 모두 높게 나타났으며, 알루미늄과 실리카의 함량은 비슷하거나 소량 증가하였다.

• 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2002

본 실험은 $\beta$-cyclodextrin을 사용하여 cholesterol을 제거한 균질우유로부터 cholesterol이 제거된 치즈 제조의 조건을 규명하고, 그 조건에 따라 제조된 Cheddar cheese의 특성 및 관능 검사를 함으로써 cholesterol이 제거된 Cheddar cheese의 개발 가능성을 조사하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 따라서 균질온도는 $70^{\circ}$로 정하고, 균질압력을 750, 1000, 13009si(52.5, 70, 91kg/$cm^2$)로, $\beta$-cyclodextrin 첨가량을 1과 2%로 처리하여 제조한 6가지의 Cheddar cheese와 균질을 하지 않고 $\beta$-cyclodextrin의 처리를 하지 알은 control 치즈간의 수율, cholesterol 제거율, 용해성, 팽창성, 지방축소, 조직검사, 관능검사 등의 실험을 실시하여 control 치즈와 가장 유사한 cholesterol이 제거된 Cheddar cheese 개발의 가능성을 시도하였고, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Cholesterol을 제거한 Cheddar cheese의 제조에서 최적조건은 균질압력 1000psi (70kg/$cm^2$), 균질온도 $70^{\circ}$, $\beta$-cyclodextrin 침가량 1.5%였으며, 이때 우유의 cholesterol의 제거율이 86.05%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 2. 유지방 함량 23.80%인 control 치즈의 cholesterol 함량은 81.4 Cheddar cheese에서는 cholesterol 함량이 20.15mg/100g으로 cholesterol 제거율이 75.27%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 3. 용해성은 균질압력 1300psi(91kg/$cm^2$)에 $\beta$-cyclodextrin 1과 2%로 처리한 치즈에서 2.25cm(control 3.34cm)로 가장 낮았으며, 균질압력이 증가할수록 용해성이 감소하여 치즈의 품질을 저하시켰다. 4. Hardness, gumminess, chewiness는 균질압력 1200psi(91kg/$cm^2$)에 $\beta$-cyclodextrin 1%로 처리한 치즈에서 각각 가장 낮은 2.03kg/c$m^2$, 2.18kg, 2.24kg/cm(control 5.46kg/$cm^2$, 5.24kg, 4.87kg/cm)를 나타내었으며, control과 cholesterol을 제거한 치즈들 사이에 유의적(p<0.05) 차이를 보이며 큰 감소를 나타내었다. 5. 이 실험결과, 균질압력 1300psi(91kg/$cm^2$)에 $\beta$-cyclodextrin 1.5% 첨가한 Cheddar cheese에서 cholesterol 축소율이 75.27%로 가장 높았으며, 균질 처리가 Cheddar cheese의 수율, oiling off, appearance score, flavor scope 등을 향상시켰고, 용해성과 팽창성이 hardness, gumminess, chewiness, texture score를 저하시키는 것으로 나타나 cholesterol이 상당부분 축소 제거된Cheddar cheese의 개발 가능성이 관찰되었다.