• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 1999

The effects of scald bum Injury ($40-45\%$ of total body surface area), there were not inhalation and secondary infection, on the histological changes and the levels of oxygen free radical generating and scavenging enzymes have been determined in liver tissue of rat models. It was found that dermal epithelium was left out with edema of dermis layer and hydorpic swelling of hepatocytes, Burn injury increased liver weight (L.W./B.W.) and serum aspartate aminotransferase content (pThe data of this study suggest that liver damage Induced by scald burn injury leads to dysbalance of oxygen free radical generating and scavenging enzymes.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative effects of the extract of Scolopendra subspinipes which has been used mainly for detoxication in the oriental medicine and reported to have sedative action, antiinflammatory effect, antihypertensive property and immunity enhancing activity. Method: Inhibitory activities on oxygen radical generating enzymes (aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase) and increasing activities on oxygen radical scavenging enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase) were investigated. Furthermore, the content of glutathione in the mouse brain, DPPH radical scavenging activity and also anti-lipid peroxidative effects in vivo and in vitro were estimated. Results: The extract showed weak inhibitory effects on the activities of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase which are oxygen radical generating enzymes. The extract inhibited lipid peroxidation with 26.1% against control group at 500 mg/kg in vivo and with 11.2% against control group at 10 mg/kg in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, which means this drug may protect radical-induced cell damages. The extract showed dose-dependently the scavenging effect on DPPH radical with 24.8% activity at 10 mg/ml in vitro. The extract enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase, which are oxygen radical scavenging enzymes, with 28.9%, 22.3% and 23.1%, respectively at 500mg/kg in vivo. Finally, this extract strongly increased the glutathione content in the mouse barin. Conclusion: Above results indicated that Scolopendra subspinipes can be useful for the protection or treatment of some diseases caused by reactive oxygen species.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2002

Recently, we reported (korean J. Biomed. Lab. Sci., 6(4): 245-251, 2000) that cyclohexane (l.56 g/kg of body wt., i.p.) administration led to lung injury in rats. However the detailed mechanism remain to be elucidated. This study was designed to clarify the mechanism of lung damage induced by cyclohexane in rats. First, lung damage was assessed by quantifying bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) protein content as well us by histopathological examination. Second, activities of serum xanthine oxidase (XO), pulmonary XO and oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes. XO tope conversion (O/D + O, %) ratio and content of reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined. In the histopathological findings, the vasodilation, local edema and hemorrhage were demonstrated in alveoli of lung. And vascular lumens filled with lipid droplets, increased macrophages in luminal margin and increased fibroblast-like interstitial cells in interstitial space were observed in electron micrographs. The introperitoneal treatment of cyclohexane dramatically increased BAL protein by 21-fold compared with control. Cyclohexane administration to rats led to a significant rise of serum and pulmonary XO activities and O/D + O ratio by 47%,30% and 24%, respectively, compared witれ control. Furthermore, activities of pulmonary oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase, and GSH content were not found to be statistically different between control and cyclohexane-treated rats. These results indicate that intraperitoneal injection of cyclohexane to rats may induce the lipid embolism in pulmonary blood vessel and lead to the hypoxia with the ensuing of oxygen free radical generation, and which may be responsible for the pulmonary injury.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.362-366
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• 2001

To show the effects of metallothionein (MT) on the activity of enzymes involved in the removal of reactive oxygen species, MT has been added to the assay systems of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and peroxidase. We have used assay systems of SOD based on NADPH oxidation and nitrite formation from hydroxylammonium chloride as an assay of superoxide breakdown rate. The two assay systems showed different results at the high concentration of MT. MT showed the scavenging of superoxide in the SOD assay system in the presence and absence of SOD. MT added to the SOD assay system behaved as an activator of SOD, but apo-MT behaved as an inhibitor. When MT was added to the assay system in the presence of a fixed amount of SOD, the breakdown rate of superoxide increased. The effects of MT on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and the activity of catalase and peroxidase decomposing hydrogen peroxide were evaluated. MT decreased the activities of catalase and peroxidase. We have concluded that the function of MT as an antioxidant might effect the level of superoxide scavenging and not the level of hydrogen peroxide.

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 2001년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.61-73
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• 2001

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1999

실험동물에 있어서 $CCl_4$에 의한 급성 간손상시 피부조직의 oxygen free radical 대사효소 활성 변동을 검토하기 위해 흰쥐에 $CCl_4$와 olive oil의 동량 혼합액을 체중 100g당 0.1 ml씩 복강으로 투여하여 처치하였다. $CCl_4$ 투여로 인한 혈청 alanine aminotransferase 및 xanthine oxidase (XO) 활성은 현저히 증가되었으며 체중당 간무게 (%)및 간조직의 malondialdehyde함량 역시 유의하게 증가되었다. 그리고 병리조직 검사에서도 $CCl_4$투여군에서 간조직의 괴사성 병변이 관찰되었다. 따라서 $CCl_4$를 투여한 실험동물이 급성 간손상 모델로 확인되었다. 이와 같은 간손상 실험동물의 피부조직중 oxygen free radical의 생성 효소인 XO 활성은 대조군과 별다른 차이를 볼 수 없었으나 oxygen free radical의 scavenging 효소인 superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase 및 catalase 활성은 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 감소되었다. 또한 세포화학적 검사에서 cerrous perhydroxide과립이 간손상 실험동물의 피부조직에서 많이 나타났다. 이상 실험결과는 $CCl_4$에 의한 급성 간손상 유도 실험동물의 피부조직에 $H_2O$$_2$의 축적이 나타나는 현상을 시사해주고 있다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.355-365
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to examine the effect of Cheongahwan(CAH), being known to reinforce Kidney-yang, on the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and the production of oxygen free radicals in the kidney tissues. Alterations in enzyme activities were observed after in vivo treatment in rats. CAH caused a significant increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase. But catalase activity was not significantly altered by CAH. Treatment in vitro of CAH decreased the production of oxygen free radicals in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that CAH stimulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes and inhibit directly the production of oxygen free radicals. These effects of CAH may contribute to prevent the oxygen free radical-induced impairment of cell function.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1993

This study was intended to clarify the protective mechanism of diallyl disulfide on the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. It was observed that a powerfully increment of serum alanine aminotransferase activity and hepatic lipid peroxide content after carbon tetrachloride injection were markedly inhibited by the pretreatment of diallyl disulfide (20mg/kg) for 5 days. It was also observed that hepatic aminopyrine demethylase and xanthine ocidase as free radical generating enzymes as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as free frdical scavenging enzymes and hepatic glutathione content were not changed by the pretreatment with diallyl disulfide. But, treatment with diallyl disulfide did signifiantly increase cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity. However, glutathione S-transferase activity in the presence of diallyl disulfide was not affected in vitro. Therefore, it is concluded that mechanism for the observed preventive effect ofdiallyl disulfide against the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity can be due to the engancement of glutathione S-transferase activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2013

Atherosclerotic vascular dysfunction is a chronic inflammatory process that spreads from the fatty streak and foam cells through lesion progression. Therefore, its early diagnosis and prevention is unfeasible. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Intracellular redox status is tightly regulated by oxidant and antioxidant systems. Imbalance in these systems causes oxidative or reductive stress which triggers cellular damage or aberrant signaling, and leads to dysregulation. Paradoxically, large clinical trials have shown that non-specific ROS scavenging by antioxidant vitamins is ineffective or sometimes harmful. ROS production can be locally regulated by cellular antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidases and peroxiredoxins. Therapeutic approach targeting these antioxidant enzymes might prove beneficial for prevention of ROS-related atherosclerotic vascular disease. Conversely, the development of specific antioxidant enzyme-mimetics could contribute to the clinical effectiveness.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.355-358
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• 1992

Oxygen radical은 생물체의 산소대사 과정의 부산물로 생성되어 세포내 여러 성분을 불환성화시키거나 미생물에 대한 방어기전으로 작용한다. 기생충에 존재하는 antioxidant enzyme은 숙주의 방어기전에서 유리하는 oxygen radical의 독성을 제거하므로 이 효소의 활성도는 기생충의 생존에 영향을 미친다고 생각하고 있다. 폐흡충은 피낭유충이 종숙주에 침입한 다음 숙주내 조직이행 시기를 거쳐서 폐에 도달하여 성충이 되므로 이 과정에서 각 시기별 산소독성과 이에 대항하는 효소의 환성이 다를 것으로 추정하였다. 폐흡충의 피낭유충과 감염후 4주, 8주, 12주에 얻은 충체의 추출물을 조효소(조효소)로 하여 SOD, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase의 활성도를 측정하였다. 각 효소의 비환성도(specific activity) 중 catalase는 피낭유충에서 최고치였으며, SOD 와 peroxidase는 4주 충체에서 가장 높았고, glutathione peroxidase는 8주 충체에서 높았다. 이들 4가지 antioxidant효소의 비환성도는 감염 12주인 성충에서 모두 낮게 측정되어 조직 이행시기의 충체에서 더 높은 효 소 활성도를 지니고 있음을 알 수 있었다.