• 혜화의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2010

These days, traditional and complementary/alternative medicine (TM/CAM) becomes more upsurging topics of increasing importance and the use and popularity of TM/CAM is rapidly expanding, Since the tradition and situation on TM/CAM of each country is quite different, the concept and system of TM/CAM expressed by different countries shows the variety of range. Some countries recognize TM/CAM as one part of two branches of medical science and have integrated into national health care system. In these countries, education systems for TM/CAM are also well organized formal education systems, such as the Republic of Korea, DPR Korea, China (including Hong Kong and Macao), and Viet Nam. However, other countries in Asia and the Pacific. still do not have formal and/or informal education system and do not recognize TM/CAM as a kind of health care systems. This paper reviews the current situation of education and training on TM/CAM in the Asia and the Pacific. As a result, fifteen countries (31.3%) of 48 member countries in Asia and the Pacific have formal education systems for TM/CAM, twelve countries (25.0%) do not have formal education system and twenty one countries (43.7%) do not have available information. At least six countries are allocating the curriculum of medical school to the education of both allopathic and traditional medicine. For the proper use and development of TM/CAM, the development of formal education system as well as the integration into the national health care system are needed.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2015

The KOTRON-13 cyclotron was manufactured by Samyoung Unitech as the second generation of the KIRAMS-13 cyclotron after its technology was transferred from the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences in South Korea. Its prototype was installed at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital as part of a distributed network of regional cyclotrons with the support of a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea. However, its initial condition has limited capacity to extract a relatively low beam current and to produce carbon-11. In this review, we provide an introduction and overview of the current state of the KOTRON-13 cyclotron, which was successfully upgraded by carrying out various modifications and optimizing the carbon-11 target system.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.244-249
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• 2017

Shoulder kinematics is important, as it is associated with shoulder arthropathy and pain mechanisms. Various static and dynamic analysis methods are prevalent for shoulder kinematics. These include 2-dimensional plane x-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, cadaver study, electromagnetic motion analysis, transcortical bone pins technique, and in vivo 3-dimensional motion analysis. Although these methods provide the value of the shoulder kinematics angle, they are unable to explain why such changes occur. Since each method has its pros and cons, it is important to understand all factors accurately, and to choose a method that best meets the purpose of the researcher.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.373-378
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• 2005

Influenza virus has a unique characteristics of annual epidemics of acute respiratory disease with attack rate of 10%-30% of the population. It is also the classical emerging infectious disease causing global pandemics when new antigenic shift occur. This antigenic shift is the key to its ability to evoke periodic pandemics, and it has caused at least 3 pandemics in 20th century. I reviewed these 3 pandemics in their natural courses and the epidemiology of the recent emerging influenza A viruses, especially the H5 and H7 subtypes. I descr ibed the epidemics of these vi ruses in human population and why we should be prepared to these viruses.

• BMB Reports
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.545-553
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• 2012

Determination of the type and origin of the body fluids found at a crime scene can give important insights into crime scene reconstruction by supporting a link between sample donors and actual criminal acts. For more than a century, numerous types of body fluid identification methods have been developed, such as chemical tests, immunological tests, protein catalytic activity tests, spectroscopic methods and microscopy. However, these conventional body fluid identification methods are mostly presumptive, and are carried out for only one body fluid at a time. Therefore, the use of a molecular genetics-based approach using RNA profiling or DNA methylation detection has been recently proposed to supplant conventional body fluid identification methods. Several RNA markers and tDMRs (tissue-specific differentially methylated regions) which are specific to forensically relevant body fluids have been identified, and their specificities and sensitivities have been tested using various samples. In this review, we provide an overview of the present knowledge and the most recent developments in forensic body fluid identification and discuss its possible practical application to forensic casework.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2013

Obesity during childhood is a dominant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and is itself considered a disease that needs to be treated. Recently, the growth in childhood obesity in Korea has become stagnant; however, two in every ten children are still overweight. In addition, 60% or more of overweight children have at least one metabolic syndrome risk factor. Thus, childhood obesity should be controlled through lifestyle modification. This paper reviews studies of the modifiable risk factors of obesity in Korean children. According to the life-course approach, preschool-aged children (<5 years) are influenced by their parents rather than individual habits because they are under mostly parental care. Elementary school-aged children (6 to 11 years) are affected by overlapping individual and parental effects. This may mean that the establishment of individual behavior patterns begins during this period. The conditions of poor eating habits such as skipping meals, eating out, and high fat intake, along with low physical activity, facilitate increased obesity among adolescents (12 to 18 years). Notably, adolescent girls show high rates of both underweight and obesity, which may lead to the development of NCDs in their offspring. Therefore, the problem of NCDs is no longer limited to adults, but is also prevalent among children. In addition, early intervention offers cost-effective opportunities for preventing NCDs. Thus, children need primary consideration, adequate monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment to reduce the burden of NCDs later in adulthood.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2011

Objectives: To examine the overview of fatigue-related health conditions in the Korean general population. Methods: Data were collected from 2,203 adults (1,126 men and 1,077 women) via a self-reporting questionnaire and their sleeping, exercise, stress, physical problems, use of functional food, and fatigue status were analyzed. Results: The average sleeping hours was about $6.6{\pm}2.0$ hrs per day, and 24.3% of subjects didn't exercise (over 30 min) in a week. Around 16.5% of subjects were under severe stress, and 46.1% (36.9% male vs. 55.6% female) had had trouble with at least one form of physical distress including dyspepsia, headache or muscular pain. 45.4% (37.2% male vs. 53.9% female) of subjects used functional supplements. 46.3% (42.8% male vs. 50.0% female) of subjects complained of chronic fatigue, and they were significantly different compared with no-fatigue subjects regarding severe stress status (8.6% vs. 24.0%), frequency of physical distress (33.2% vs. 69.9%), and use of functional supplements (41.6% vs. 49.8%). Conclusion: This result first reports the features of fatigue-related health conditions including prevalence of chronic fatigue in the Korean population. This data could be helpful to develop fatigue-focused traditional Korean medicine in the future.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.160-171
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• 2012

Background and Objective : Warfarin is the standard anticoagulation treatment for atrial fibrillation, venous thromboembolism (VTE), and mechanical heart valves. Close monitoring of the International Normalized Ratio (INR) is required due to the drug's very narrow therapeutic window. Many factors can affect INR levels. Drug and food interactions are frequently cited as causes of adverse events with warfarin. We discussed interactions between herbs and warfarin studied in this research. Methods : In this review, PubMed was used to search medical journals. Keywords "warfarin AND interaction" were applied. Results : 55 articles were included. The possibility of correlation between warfarin and single herbal medicines such as Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Ginseng Radix Alba, Lycii Fructus, Ginkgo Folium, Menthae Herba, Trigonellae semen was suggested. Furthermore, some herbal compounds interacting with warfarin were reported. The conclusion of studies reporting the effect of herbal medicine on warfarin were controversial due to small size or quality of research. Conculsions : We suggest that we should prescribe therapeutic herbal medicines to patients using warfarin more carefully and do INR follow-up regularly.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2009

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the current status of treatments and patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and then map out of a strategy for development of generalized-treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Traditional Korean Medicine. Methods: We selected research materials from various databases such as PubMed, Google, KStudy, KoreanTK, OIM, KOMS and books. Also, to understand current tendencies of medical examination and treatment related with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we requested Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service clinical data from 2003 to 2007. Results: It is reported that the incidence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is increasing in an aging society. The medical fees of National Health Insurance related with diabetic peripheral neuropathy show a year-on-year increase. There are no particularly effective therapies for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Western medicine, and in some papers, it was reported that treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy using Traditional Korean Medicine was effective. However, patients usually visit on Western medical center rather than seek Traditional Korean Medicine. To take charge of clinical fields related with diabetic peripheral neuropathy by Traditional Korean Medicine, we need more studies and experiments of diabetic peripheral neuropathy using Traditional Korean Medicine and should make a standardized protocol. Conclusion: Various studies related with diabetic peripheral neuropathy using Traditional Korean Medicine will have to be undertaken hereafter. We expect that Traditional Korean Medicine will play a vital role in treating of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the previously published research articles related to puffer fish toxin focusing on tumor. Method: Literatures were searched in PubMed database, published since 2000, using the keyword; Puffer fish, Fugu and tetrodotoxin (TTX) with cancer or tumor. Research papers were classified by year, country, study model, used material, kind of tumor and study subject. Finally, a total of 41 studies were analyzed in this study. Results: From 2000 to 2018, the most abundant papers were published in 2009 (6 studies) and almost half of the papers were studied in United Kingdom (20 studies). The 39 studies used TTX purified from puffer fish while 2 studies used crude extract of skin and gonad of puffer fish. The most used target cell line was prostate cancer (15 studies), and the next was breast cancer (14 studies). The study methods were classified into 4 clinical studies, 2 animal studies and 35 cell-based studies. Conclusions: Our results show that the overview of cancer-related studies using puffer fish poison. This information would be helpful for the puffer fish-derived drug researches in the future.