• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.162-168
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• 1991

Iterbicide resduc. cauicd ~rljul-y to ovcrsown pasture grasses \\hen herbicide appliccl for use in pasturc est;~blish~nt~nt lo gro~vth contro! ol n;rtivc ~r ~:cds and shrubs. 'l'hih L~sperirnel~t was conducted to cv;lluati. (he herbicidr residue anti its ph!:totosical ~riiiuence on the growth of introtluccd pasturts species. Esperimcmtal soils was treated with buthitlazolc, ~ o d l ~ l m chlorate, glyphosatc. U-46 anti paraquat each at twt) applici~tion rates. Lhcf~1i.s glowl~mlc~ including othrr pasture grasses and le~urnes were evaluatrd for tolerance to herbicide. IIerbicide residue in the amount ot injury caused to introduced pasture grasses was found in order of buthidazole, sodium chlorate, U-46 and glyphosate. Euthidazole was not available for use in pasture establishment because of their long persist of toxic herbicide residues. A great stand redl~ction of subseq ~ ~ c n t oversown pastures was also observed In sodium chlorate treatment. However, normal vegetative stand and grass production was obtained, when thc pasture grasses seeded 45-60 days later herbicide treatments. Glyphosate did not affect subsequent oversown pasture species in both grasses and legumes. fistuccr arundinc~cea and Pou pratensis were the most tolerant pasture species to herbicide residue while 7'rzfi,lium pyatense and Medicugo suti~u showed a wsceptible response regardless of herbicide.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 1983

This experiment was performed in order to investigate the effect of the early grazing management on the forage yield and sward composition of oversown pasture. Two levels of the grazing intensity were treated when the grasses were 15cm, 25cm, and 35cm high. It was observed that the treatment C (light grazing intensity at the 25cm grass height) increased the dry matter yield and the botanical composition of the introduced grasses and legumes. From these facts it is suggested that the early grazing management contribute to the high forage yield and good sward composition of the oversown mountainous pasture and can take the place of cutting or other methods economically.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 1988

The botanical, chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of collected herbage samples from sheep fitted esophageal fistula were compared to those of offered herbage samples by the sown pasture, oversown pasture and forest pasture at the 3rd flush stage (25cm grass height). Experimental fields was treated by one plot design and lasted from Aug. 1987 to Oct. 1987 at Chungnam National University, Daejon. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The botanical composition of collected herbage samples was different from offered herbage samples and this difference seemed to depend on diet selection. 2. The sheep consistantly selected more ladino clover than orchardgrass and tall fescue. 3. Crude protein content of collected herbage samples was high (P<0.01) and NDF content was low (P<0.01) on the sown and oversown pastures but forest diets contained more crude fat content (P<0.05) and less crude protein and NDF content (P<0.01) than offered herbage samples. 4. Dry matter digestibility of collected herbage samples was higher than offered herbage samples (P<0.0 1) and this difference was found out among pasture types.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.222-229
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of improvement of oversown pastures, treated with four nitrogen(N) application levels(0, 100, 200, 300 kg/ha) and three species mixtures (A: orchardgrass+ladino clover; B: orchardgrass+ladino clover+perennial ryegrass; C: orchardgrass+ladino clover+perennial ryegrass+Italian ryegrass). The establishment of perennial ryegrass, Italian ryegrass, and ladino clover were increased with increased N applications, but the ryegrass mixed with orchardgrass and ladino clover decreased the establishment of ladino clover. With the increase of N application levels, orchardgrass, perennial ryegrass and Italian ryegrass in comparison on botanical composition were getting better, while the native plants established already were decreased. The botanical composition of newly sown pasture plants was increased as cutting times progressed. The dry matter(DM) yield of pasture species increased significantly with N application up to 300 kg/ha. There was no significance among mixture treatments, although the DM yield of basic treatment(orchardgrass+ladino clover) was higher than other treatments. However, when compared DM yields on each cutting times, newly oversown pastures in A treatment was shown to be significantly higher only on 2nd cutting time than other treatments(P<0.05). The DM yield of native plants survived in basic species mixture was significantly less than those of other mixtures(P<0.05). Results of this study indicate that for improving oversown pastures, at least 300 kg/ha N application should be applied, and basic mixture (orchardgrass+ladino clover) has more advantage than treatments mixed with ryegrass.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 1983

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of existing vegetation on seedling establishment and herbage production of oversown grasses in the Pinus rigida forest. The dominant existing vegetations were Miscanthus sinensis, Festuca ovina, and Lycopodium serratum. In establishment year, seedling stands and herbage production were not affected in Miscanthus sinensis and Festuca ovina, while in Lycopodium serratum it was affected relatively seriously. The pattern of sown species response to the existing vegetations was trend to toward simplified two or three species as Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, and Trifolium repens to advancing the time. Among sown species, Dactylis glomerata was a major dominant species in all existing vegetation area. The content of sown pasture grasses in the sward increased markedly, while the existing vegetations before seeding seriously decreased to advancing the cutting time. The above results shown that the improvement of forest pasture with a surface seeding was better in Miscanthus sinensis and Festuca ovina, but in Lycopodium serratum was found very difficult to improvement of pasture without surface treatment, also establishment method must favor the low herbage production potential.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of seeding dates on grassland productivity and botanical composition in oversown pasture located in Cheonan of South Korea. Four treatment groups were established based on the seeding dates: 18th August, 1st September, 15th September and 29th September. Evaluation of seasonal changes in botanical composition of pasture showed that the highest ratios of grass in 18th August and 1st September (pasture species 93% and weeds 7%) and the lowest in 15th September (pasture species 75% and weeds 25%). In the plant length, there is no significantly different in 5% probability level. In the total dry matter yield of grass, 18th August ($13,362kg\;ha^{-1}$) and 1st September ($13,988kg\;ha^{-1}$) were higher than 15th September ($11,883kg\;ha^{-1}$) and 29th September ($11,459kg\;ha^{-1}$). The findings of the this study suggest that seeding by early September the most desirable results for botanical composition and grassland productivity in oversown pasture, Cheonan of South Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 1987

This experiment was carried out in laboratory to find out the effect of coating materials, minerals and insecticides on germination of pasture seed. Seed coating was made by specially made machine and seed germination in petridishes was also determined from Sep. 1986 to May 1987. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Coating seed gave bad germination compared with the control. There were significant difference between treatment, coating materials and adhesives in white and red clover while Phleum pratense germination was improved by coating materials. 2. In mineral coating treatments, on Mg alone or Mg mixed treatment, germination was deepressed. Generally germination was lowed by mineral treatment, but the difference was small. 3. Uncoating treatment with insecticide was superior to coating treatment in terms of germination. Among the insecticide Ballen gave more serious effect to seed germination.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2020

This study was conducted to find out the effects of seed mixture using new domestic grass varieties orchardgrass 'Onnuri' and tall fescue 'Greenmaster' on botanical composition and dry matter productivity from 2015 to 2018 in oversown hilly pasture, the central northern area of Korea. This experiment was consisted of 4 mixed grasses (Treatment 1 : tall fescue oriented mixture with imported varieties; Treatment 2 : orchardgrass oriented mixture with imported varieties; Treatment 3 : orchardgrass oriented mixture with domestic varieties, Treatment 4 : tall fescue oriented mixture with domestic varieties). Evaluation of seasonal changes in botanical composition of pasture showed that orchardgrass was the highest in all treatments, ranging from 46 to 89% and Kentucky bluegrass was the second highest in all treatments. Treatment 3 (7,633 kg ha^-1) and Treatment 4 (7,570 kg ha^-1), mixed grasses using domestic varieties, were showed the highest dry matter yield than Treatment 1(6,950 kg ha^-1) and Treatment 2 (6,934 kg ha^-1), which were mixed grasses using introduced varieties. Therefore, these results showed that the orchard grass oriented grasses mixture with domestic varieties was good for grassland vegetation and productivity in oversown hilly pasture, the central northern area of Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.217-223
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of seeding dates on grassland productivity and botanical composition in oversown hilly pasture located in Pyeongchang of South Korea. Four treatment groups were established based on the seeding dates of grass mixture: T1, August 13; T2, August 27; T3, September 10; and T4, September 24. Evaluation of seasonal changes in grass botanical composition revealed the highest ratios of grass in T1 and T2 (81-100% grass) and the lowest in T4 (46-90 % grass). In the plant length, the first harvest time was longer than other cutting times and last harvest time was the lowest. The total dry matter yield of grass was highest in T2 ($9,042kg\;ha^{-1}$) and T1 ($8,845kg\;ha^{-1}$) and lowest in T4 ($5,086kg\;ha^{-1}$). The findings of the present study suggest that seeding by late August provide the most desirable results for vegetation and grassland productivity in oversown hilly pasture, Pyeongchang of South Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.138-144
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• 1986

This trial was carried out to find out the methods of improvement of natural pasture by PK-fertilization and sheep grazing. The experimental area covered with the community of Carex ferruginea-dominated and located at the Bavarian Alps in the southern part of Germany. As measuring the changes of the vegetation, the Releve-method, the Point-Intercept-method and the Quadrat-Charting-method were applied. Changes in the ecological evidence of the vegetation were studied during the period from April 1980 to the end of growing season in 1983. 1. The fodder value at the oversown pasture we slightly increased by PK-fertilization with sheep grazing, byt that gradually decreased by grazing without fertilization. 2. The pasture quality at the secondary vegetation was greatly improved as well as that of the oversown pasture in Autumn of the second experimental year by sheep grazing with PK-fertilization, but the fodder value was not like that by grazing without fertilization at the natural pasture. 3. The influence of phosphorus/ potassium-fertilization was much more serious than that of sheep grazing. Sedges almost disappeared due to fertilization, on the other hand grasses and legumes increased distinctly. Sheep grazing without fertilization led to a gradual decrease of legumes. The enormous biomass difference in sedges between the June and October analyses was due to a lack of regenerative capacity. 4. The plant community of Carex ferruginea-dominated before the experiment was successived into Alchemillo-Cynosuretum by PK-fertilization with sheep grazing.