• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.711-717
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• 2006

In order to study gas hydrate, potential future energy resources, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources has conducted seismic reflection survey in the East Sea since 1997. one of evidence for presence of gas hydrate in seismic reflection data is a bottom simulating reflector (BSR). The BSR occurs at the interface between overlaying higher velocity, hydrate-bearing sediment and underlying lower velocity, free gas-bearing sediment. That is often characterized by large reflection coefficient and reflection polarity reverse to that of seafloor reflection. In order to apply depth migration to seismic reflection data. we need high performance computers and a parallelizing technique because of huge data volume and computation. Phase shift plus interpolation (PSPI) is a useful method for migration due to less computing time and computational efficiency. PSPI is intrinsically parallelizing characteristic in the frequency domain. We conducted conventional data processing for the gas hydrate data of the Ease Sea and then applied prestack depth migration using message-passing-interface PSPI (MPI_PSPI) that was parallelized by MPI local-area-multi-computer (MPI_LAM). Velocity model was made using the stack velocities after we had picked horizons on the stack image with in-house processing tool, Geobit. We could find the BSRs on the migrated stack section were about at SP 3555-4162 and two way travel time around 2,950 ms in time domain. In depth domain such BSRs appear at 6-17 km distance and 2.1 km depth from the seafloor. Since energy concentrated subsurface was well imaged we have to choose acquisition parameters suited for transmitting seismic energy to target area.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2006

The partitioning level of a catchment becomes an issue if the calculated results from different levels show the same performance regardless of the levels. This study aims to identify the proper processing level of spatial resolution for the SWMM model application in an urban area. Using GIS overlaying technique, the division of subcatchments as a hydrologic similarity unit (HSU) is achieved with a comprehensive consideration of surface slope conditions, flow directions of storm sewers, and current land cover situation. Three surface-sewer alternatives are made on the basis of three different levels of surface divisions as well as the number of sewer connections and used as runoff simulation fields for the application of SWMM. As the result, it is found that the effect of a spatial resolution on the surface runoff results is not significant. On the other hand, the accumulated pollution load from an unit subcatchment, which is built by aggregation of several unit subcatchments consisting of various land cover conditions is reduced through the deterioration of surface spatial resolution. Although overall runoff pattern and accumulated runoff are little affected by spatial resolution, the simulated runoff from sewer outlet shows slight difference at the peak appearance time. The gap between surface pollution load accumulated and it discharged from the sewer outlet in a surface-sewer alternative during runoff period is monitored but the level of error is less than 5-10% except the lowest spatial resolution case.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2002

The author argues that the current Government Information System for river water quality appears to be non-user friendly due to lack of the cartographic representation for the field monitoring data. Acknowledging these constraints, an operational, user-friendly information system has been developed by combining Internet technology with GIS. A digital map for water quality has been generated by overlaying monitoring data on existing cartographic data such as road, topography and administrative boundary etc. A user interface was designed to address the need to querry the large spatial databases by non-GIS and non-environmental experts. The system has been checked experimentally and enabled the users to querry data required simply. And detailed visual maps for water quality can be generated over large areas quickly and easily. A visual mapping system for water quality was developed by reframing the monitoring data as graphic symbols and it was ideally suited to exploring area-wide water quality at a user-friendly manner due to extensibility and scalability along the various survey points. This system based on Web GIS could be accessed anywhere if internet is available. It would play a crucial role in improving the quality of public information service if it is operationally introduced into the Government since the highly user-friendly interface provides a completely new means for disseminating information far water pollution in a visual and interactive manner to the general public.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• 제99권1호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2010

This study has intended to develop an evaluation model to select suitable locations of recreation forests in accordance with their types, and to apply the models to the feasibility study of selecting suitable recreation forest locations of candidate sites. To reach this goal, this study employed a Delphi expert survey method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for the whole process of model building. And the followings are what this study has found during model building and application process. First, the assessment criteria for classifying recreation forests and selecting suitable locations were initially identified through justification process with two rounds of expert review, after broken down into 2 categories, and then further divided into 6 items and 12 indicators accompanying with hierarchical structure. Second, in the third phase of Delphi expert survey, the relative weights of the assessment criteria were derived by employing AHP. Through overlaying two evaluation categories including resource and usability, 4 types of recreation forest were presented. In the forth phase of the Delphi survey, this study has developed an evaluation model to select suitable locations of recreation forests in accordance with their types using relative weights of the selected indicators through. This study has applied the models to the feasibility study of selecting suitable recreation forest locations of candidate sites, and found that the usability of recreation forest was severely affected by the distance from the capital region, that the closer the locations of natural recreation forests from the capital region, the more advantageous. The developed model can be used to designate recreation forests in accordance with their types.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.307-316
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• 1993

The potential of using GIS in analyzing pest surveillance data was explored. The Spatial Analysis System (SPANS) was used to construct a spatial data base to study pest distributions using pest surveillance data collected from 152 stations in South Korea. The annual spatIal distributions of the striped rice borer(SRB), Chdo suppressalis, showed that high densities started to expand in the early 1980s, reaching a peak in 1988. The pattern change appears to be related to cultivation of japonica and indica-japonica hybrid varieties in South Korea. Japo7l!ca varieties have longer duration resulting in the SRB haVlng more time to mature and hibernate in wmter. The locus of SRB spread appears to be located in the mid-west region near lri, Chun~ Buk Province. High brown planthopper (BPH) populations in South Korea are often related to the early immigration and temperature. The simulated distribution of PPH densities in September using these two factors was compared with the actual distribution obtained using 1990 data. The two density maps corresponded closely excepL for differences in the south eastern valley. By overlaying the simulated map layer with the elevation and rice area maps, more specific BPH risk zones could be identified.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 1996

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Korea has worked toward environmental conservation and decision making since the Environmental Impact Statement of 1981. In order to implement the EIA process effectively, we have developed a system for and various methods of EIA. Among these methods, the Geographic Information System (GIS), which was introduced recently in Korea, can be used to integrate geographic and attribute data effectively. So GIS begins to increase the necessity of the application in EIA process. This study includes the integration method of the GIS and air dispersion model on the odor impact assessment of $NH_3$ emission in landfill sites. First, it computes surface values by grids using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Second, it presents predicted data considering topography and climate by grids. Third, it shows the overlaying analysis of the administrative map including population and odor predictive data. The results could systematically analyze impact areas, and assess residential impact by alternatives. Integration analysis of the air predictive model and GIS as a residential area assessment can support negotiations of public and proponent in EIA.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 1986

Protoplasts of P. cornucopiae were reverted to normal hyphal growth and reversion frequency was $0.04{\sim}19%$. The complete medium stabilized with 0.6 M sucrose was most effective for regeneration of protoplasts. When hypertonic mushroom complete medium not containing agar was overlaid, regeneration frequency of protoplasts was the highest rate among the others of topagar. The protoplast reversion frequency and mycelial growth of P. cornucopiae were increased when various amino acids, nucleic acid components and vitamin compound were added to the hypertonic minimal medium. The relation between sources increasing reversion frequency and sources accelerating mycelial growth was similar in amino acids and nucleic acid components but it was different in vitamins. The protoplast reversion frequency showed the highest rate when all sources were added to the regeneration minimal medium. Microscopically, regeneration patterns of protoplasts showed formation of a bud-like structure, direct germination, yeast-like cell chain of the protoplast, and the production of both direct germ tube and yeast-like cell chain from a protoplast.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.318-325
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• 1993

The optima] conditions for the formation, the regeneration. and the spheroplast fusion of Flavimonas aryz/habitans spheroplasts were investigated. Cells were transformed to spherop]asts effectively by treatment of 0.5% volume (v/v) of 0.] M EDTA and ]00 flg/ml lysozyme at $37^{\circ}C$ for 30 min without shaking. Magnesium chloride and calcium chloride were effective on the stabilization of spheroplasts. and 20 mM calcium chloride in the rich regeneration medium improve the yield of regenerants as much as 3.5-fo]d. Addition of 0.8% bovine serium albumine (BSA) in dilution buffer for spheroplast formation improved the stabilization of spheroplasts over extended periods (4-6 hr) at room temperature. and thus increased the yield of recombinants to 4.5-fold. The spheroplast formation frequency and regeneration frequency of F aryzihabitans strain was 90.10% and 3.800/." respectively. The first regenerated cell of F. aryzihabitans spheroplasts were appeared 6 hours after plating. By I I hours after plating, 80% of spheroplasts were regenerated on thc rich regeneration medium containing 0.5 M sucrose. The intraspeci11c spheroplast fusion of F urvz/habitans was carried out and the properties of obtained fusants were investigated. Formation of fusion products was effective when the Flav/munas spheroplast mixture was treated with 40%(w/v) PEG6000 and 20 mM CaCl, for 10 min at room temperature. and thc formation of frequency of recombinants were $2.0{\times}10^{-5}~3.6{\times}10^{-5}$. All tested recombinant clones were very stable on further propagation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2009

In the paper, we propose the methodology to extract training dataset automatically for supervised classification of road networks. For the preprocessing, we co-register the airborne photos, LIDAR data and large-scale digital maps and then, create orthophotos and intensity images. By overlaying the large-scale digital maps onto generated images, we can extract the initial training dataset for the supervised classification of road networks. However, the initial training information is distorted because there are errors propagated from registration process and, also, there are generally various objects in the road networks such as asphalt, road marks, vegetation, cars and so on. As such, to generate the training information only for the road surface, we apply the Expectation Maximization technique and finally, extract the training dataset of the road surface. For the accuracy test, we compare the training dataset with manually extracted ones. Through the statistical tests, we can identify that the developed method is valid.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the garden details of Carla Scarpa in order to understand his selection and composition of materials, detailing style and symbolism of the spaces. Literature review and a field trip were conducted for the study and the results are as follows. First, Scarpa used vernacular materials such as Murano glass and Istrian limestone, and juxtaposed various materials using contrast of color and texture. His mixed uses of traditional and modern materials shows the passage of time. Second, he create his own detail style such as ziggurat and geometric motif, which make the garden space to look more interesting and rich. Scarpa respected local craftsmanship like glass design and used textile design style such as overlaying. Third, symbolic uses of water features help make narrative and poetic gardens. Scarpa's unique detail style and respects for traditional craftsmanship provide lessons on how to interpretate traditional design style in modern garden.