• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2022

지난 40년동안 한국산 채소의 영양성분에 변화가 있었는지, 있다면 그 변화의 특수성을 파악하고자 농촌진흥청의 영양성분 분석 자료를 바탕으로 1981년부터 2021년까지 40년간 채소의 주요 영양소 변화를 조사했다. 과채류에서 조사기간 동안 감소 경향을 보인 영양소는 단백질, 지질, 칼슘, 철분, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 아스코르브산 이었다. 뿌리채소에서는 에너지, 단백질, 지질, 회분, 칼슘, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 니아신, 아스코르브산이 감소하는 경향이 있었다. 잎채소에서는 에너지, 단백질, 지질, 인, 철, 니아신, 아스코르브산이 감소하는 경향이 있었다. 잎과 줄기 채소에서는 에너지, 단백질, 지질, 당류, 회분, 인, 철, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 니아신, 아스코르브산이 감소하는 경향이 있었다. 특히 식물성 섭취에서 중요한 의미를 갖는 티아민, 리보플라빈, 니아신, 아스코르브산 등의 비타민 감소가 지난 40년간 채소류에서 발생하였음이 확인됐다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1971

To evaluate the results of nutrition education in high school, the contents of the lunch box of senior high school girls were surveyed. Among 540 students in Attached Senior High School, College of Education, Seoul National University, 403 girls who had carried a lunch box were selected as a subject. All the nutrients except vitamin D given in Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances were calculated for the foods in lunch box and compared with the Recommended Allowances for Korean people, and foods in lunch box were also considered as a food groups. To see how many students had an interest about their own nutrition, people who packed lunch box were also checked. Results are as follows 1) all the nutrients except iron and niacin of lunch box were low when compared with Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances for Korean people 2) Over 50% of calorie, protein, vitamin $B_1$, and niacin were provided by main food-rice, although other nutrients were principally from side dish. 3) Side dishes were few in kinds and chiefly salty foods such as preserved and processed foods were in the lunch box. There was no consideration in cooking method. 4) There may be a fault in nutrition education in high school because, there were only few students who had an interest in their own nutrition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2005

This study was performed to examine the change of lipid metabolism and immune function caused by antioxidant material in hypercholesterolemic elderly women (serum total cholesterol $\geq$200 mg/dI). The subjects were 51 elderly women aged over 60 yrs. They were divided into antioxidant nutrients complex group (n = 25) and spirulina group (n= 26). Antioxidant nutrients complex (1 capsule/day) and spirulina (7.5 mg/day) were used for intervention for 8weeks. All the subjects were fully informed the purpose of study and gave written consents to participate in this study. Dietary intakes, anthropometric indices and blood assessment for lipid, immune function and antioxidant status were measured before and after supplementation. Either antioxidant nutrients complex or spirulina supplementation for 8weeks resulted in improved antioxidant status evidence by increased TAS (total antioxidant status) and decreased TB-ARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) . This intervention led to decreased serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, oxLDL, apolipoprotein B, IL-6 and IL-6 production by peripheral blood lymphocyte. In conclusion, the lipid profiles, immune function and antioxidant capacity were improved after either antioxidant nutrient complex or spirulina supplementation for hypercholesterolemic women. Therefore, improving antioxidant status using supplemen-tation could provide means of controlling cardiovascular disease in Korean elderly people.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.77-84
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• 1999

Most river quality problems are generated by pollutants which are discharged into the river as a consequence of human activities. And eutrophication occurs when water is over enriched with nutrients, principally nitrate and phosphate. Both these nutrients are found in many waste products, especially sewage even when the waste is treated. Eutrophication is concerned in lakes, but it also causes problems in river. Wide growth of Phytoplankton in rivers, leads to blockage of channels, but the main concern is deoxygenation because of the increase in plant life's demand for oxygen in revers. Fish, plant and animals die due to lack of oxygen. The increase of algae floating on the tops of water looks ugly and has attracted public attention and concern in recent years. One way of controlling eutrophication is to restrict the amount of waste carrying nitrate or phosphate from entering the water in the first place. another way is to remove it from the water after it has been entered. This study was carried out to investigate on the trophic state, nutrients and Chlorophyll-a concentration in the Han River. The results were as follows:1. Concentrations of total nitrogen were 2.208~9.221(5.133)mg/$\ell$2. Concentrations of total phosphate were 0.045~0.614(0.195)mg/$\ell$3. Chlorophyll-a concentration were $0.0-25.3(9.6)mg/m^3$.4. The correlation coefficient between T-P and Chlorophyll-a concentration was r=-0.856 at Sungsan sampling site.5. The correlation coefficient was r=-0.578~-0.767, between Paldang Dam outflow and Chlorophyll-a concentration at all sampling sites.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2005

Nutrients removal performance of a contact oxidation reactor covered with soil was investigated when basalt rubble was used as a contact medium under various operating conditions. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effectiveness of the system by measuring the removal efficiencies of nutrients from a technical and economical viewpoint. Under the ranges of HRT(20 and 40 hrs) in the experiment, the removal rates of organic matter were as high as 97.5% by showing an effluent $BOD_5$ of less than 10 mg/L. The test of nitrogen removal when the turf was planted on the top soil showed that the average removal rate increased as much as 25% as compared to that without planting. It was suggested that the construction and maintenance cost could be reduced over 20% when the HRT of the system was decreased from 72 to 40 hrs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.231-242
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• 1990

A study is reported which investigated the additive nature of digestible energy (DE) from dietary nutrients and to estimate the relative energy values of different energy-yielding nutrients in practical trout diets. A growth study was conducted over 12 weeks with 6 diets. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed diets once a day ad libitum. Digestible energy values determined and calculated had direct relationship indicating additive nature of such values for feed ingredients. Overall growth performance was best in a diet containing 33% digestible protein (DP) with a DP/DE ratio of 18.6. A reduction in digestible protein level with the same DP/DE rat io led to a significant decrease in growth and feed efficiency. The increase of 7% of lipid with concomitant decrease in protein resulted in the relative gain of 130% in growth and nutrient retention, suggesting that 1 g of lipid is equal to about 1.3 g of proteins in terms of net energetic value. Replacement of 10% of dietary lipid by carbohydrates led to a slight decrease in energy retention efficiency but to a great increase in lipid retention efficiency (130%) showing that dietary carbohydrates led to increased lipogenesis.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.2-9
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• 1978

A review of factors influencing grass and clover establishment, survival and yield at oversowing was made from the experimental results of home and abroad. The following conclusions are considered: (1) The existing vegetation present at oversowing appeared to be the most critical factor reducing establishment and survival of grass. Therefore, it is essential to check competition from the native vegetation before oversowing. (2) Although lime had comparatively little effect on yield of grassland, the general effect of lime should be more emphasized under our acid soil conditions to promote the availability of all the essential elements and the growth of microorganisms, and to reduce the toxic effects of nutrients. One to two tons of lime per ha at oversowing would be useful. (3) Phosphorus is one of the nutrients most generally deficient in grassland soils of Korea, consequently, this nutrients applied at oversowing is very effective. Application as much as 200kg of phosphorus per ha would be essential. (4) The effect of nitrogen on the establishment and survival of grass depends on the amount and density of the herbage present. The use of nitrogen in dense herbage adversely affected grass establishment and survival, possible because the fertilizer stimulated the growth of the eisting herbage. Around 40kg of nitrogen per ha may be enough at oversowing (5) Potassium is not as universally deficient in soils of native grassland as phosphorus. Therefore, it cannot be over-emphasized at oversowing. Studies determinig the optimum amount of potassium at of oersowing are needed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.71-74
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• 1979

To evaluate the results of nutritional education in junior college, the content of lunch box of junior college students were surveyed. Among 749 students in Gunsan Fisheries Junior College, 325 men who had carried a lunch box were selected as subject. All the nutrients except vitamin D given in Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances for Korean people, and foods in lunch box were also considered as a food groups. To see how many students had interests about their own nutrition, people who packed lunch box were also checked. The results obtained from this survey were: 1. All the nutrients except calcium and iron of lunch box were low when compared with Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances of Korean people. 2. Vitamin A was approximately similar to the Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances for Korean people. 3. Over 50% of calorie, protein and niacin were provided by main food, although other nutrients were principally from supplemental foods. 4. Supplemental foods were few in kinds and chiefly salty foods such as preserved and processed foods in the lunch box. 5. There may be a fault in nutritional education in junior college because there were few students who had an interest in their own nutrition.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.161-173
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• 2002

Recently, absorbent biofilters, which are inexpensive and easy to manacle, have been supplied to the rural areas, but have limitations in removing the nutrients effectively. Accordingly, as an alternative plan. natural zeolites were arranged in front or at the rear of the absorbent biofilters, and their removal efficiency for nitrogen and, ultimately, their applicability to the on-site wastewater treatment system were studied. Furthermore, the same experiments were carried out on artificial zeolites, made from coal ashes at National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station, to compare natural zeolites with artificial ones. Treated wastewater through the Absorbent Biofilter showed 22.6% nitrogen removal efficiency, while 64.6% was attained when natural Zeolites were placed in front of the absorbent biofilters (Zeolite-Aerobic process). As an addition, phosphorus was also efficiently removed. On the other hand, Aerobic-Zeolite process, which arranged natural zeolites at the rear of the biofilters, did not have significantly higher nitrogen removal as compared to the treatment using only the absorbent biofilters. Furthermore, upon regeneration of the natural zeolite, the ion exchange rate was fecund to increase over 10% as compared to before regeneration. Our results show that natural zeolites, applied to the on-site wastewater treatment system through the Zeolite-Aerobic process, not only increase the removal efficiency of nutrients, but, by choosing the appropriate regeneration time, can also be cast-effective. Artificial zeolites, on the other hand, though more efficient in removing nutrients, cannot be regenerated and, therefore, are not cost-effective.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.941-947
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• 2013

To understand the relationship between various oceanographic factors and seaweed production, we examined the annual accumulated aquaculture production of Undaria pinnatifida with respect to water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, current patterns and nutrients over 21 years (1990-2010) (this date range does not add up to over 21 years) along the coast of Busan, Korea. According to the results of the cross-correlation function, annual production of U. pinnatifida was closely related to the following conditions: low water temperature, low salinity, strong Tsushima Warm Current, and high concentrations of dissolved oxygen and nutrients. In this study, we also considered the Index of Oceanographic factors for U. pinnatifida (IOU) by computation of a simple equation. This index will be used for the prediction of U. pinnatifida aquaculture production off the coast of Busan.