• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.937-945
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• 2014

This paper presents an optimized space vector pulse-width modulation (OSVPWM) technique for a five-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter. The space vector diagram of the five-level CHB inverter is optimized by resolving it into inner and outer two-level space vector hexagons. Unlike conventional space vector topology, the proposed technique significantly reduces the involved computational time and efforts without compromising the performance of the five-level CHB inverter. A further optimized (FOSVPWM) technique is also presented in this paper, which significantly reduces the complexity and computational efforts. The developed techniques are verified through MATLAB/SIMULINK. Results are compared with sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM) to prove the validity of the proposed technique. The proposed simulation system is realized by using an XC3S400 field-programmable gate array from Xilinx, Inc. The experiment results are then presented for verification.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.513-515
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• 2015

We investigate $H\small{I}$ data for a pair of blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs), ESO 435-IG20 and ESO 435-IG16, obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The outer $H\small{I}$ disk is highly disturbed and asymmetric in both galaxies showing a gas tail and/or a broad/extended gas disk on only one side. Based on their low-density surroundings and small projected distance (<80 kpc) at a similar redshift, we conclude that tidal interaction between these two BCDs is responsible for the morphological and kinematical peculiarities in $H\small{I}$. We also investigate their star formation rates using $H{\alpha}$ and UV imaging data to probe their interaction history.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 1997

We have investigated Pi 2 pulsations which were observed both on ground magnetometer array and by satellites. On November 9th in 1994, Pi 2 pulsations appeared globally on the 190/210 magnetometer chain and Hermanus station when two satellites(EXOS-D and ETS-VI) were located near the magnetic meridian of the 210 array. The local time of measurements covers from morning(LT=8.47hr) to afternoon(LT=20.3hr) and the bandwidth of peak frequency is found relatively small. The signals of the electric field are highly coherent with ground-based observations with the out of phase oscillations. However, the magnetic field measurement on the ETS-VI in the outer magnetosphere(L=6.60) shows no signature of Pi 2 pulsations over the same time interval and the correlation with any of the ground-based stations is found to be very weak, even through both satellites and magnetometer chain are located close to each other in local time. We suggest that this event may be a direct evidence of Pi 2 pulsations as virtual resonant modes which are localized in the plasmasphere(Lee 1996). The results show that the cavity mode oscillations can occur in the inner magnetosphere with less spectral noise compared to the outer magnetospheric case.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.368-375
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• 2013

Failure of small bore piping welds is a recurring problem at nuclear power plants. And the socket weld cracking in small bore piping has caused unplanned plant shutdowns for repair and high economic impact on the plants. Consequently, early crack detection, including the detection of manufacturing defects, is of the utmost importance. Until now, the surface inspection methods has been applied according to ASME Section XI requirements. But the ultrasonic inspection as a volumetric method is also applying to enforce the inspection requirement. However, the conventional manual ultrasonic inspection techniques are used to detect service induced fatigue cracks. And there was uncertainty on manual ultrasonic inspection because of limited access to the welds and difficulties with contact between the ultrasonic probe and the OD(outer diameter) surface of small bore piping. In this study, phased array ultrasonic inspection technique is applied to increase inspection speed and reliability. To achieve this object, the 3.5 MHz phased array ultrasonic transducer are designed and fabricated. The manually encoded scanner was also developed to enhance contact conditions and maintain constant signal quality. Additionally inspection system is configured and inspection procedure is developed.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.515-523
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• 2001

In this paper results of a linear structural analysis for design and dimensioning of disposal containers for spent pressurized water reactor nuclear fuel and spent Canadian deuterium and uranium reactor nuclear fuel are presented. The container structure studied here is a solid structure with a cast insert and a corrosion resistant outer shell, which is designed for the spent nuclear fuel disposal in a deep repository. An evenly distributed load of hydrostatic pressure from the groundwater and large swelling pressure from the bentonite buffer are applied on the container. Hence, the container must be designed to endure these large pressure loads. In this study, the array type of inner baskets and thicknesses of outer shell and lid/bottom are attempted to be determined through a linear static structural analysis.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

Conthocamptus mirabilis Sterba is redescribed on the basis of the material newly collected from the type locality near Bekijing, China, with an evaluation of the variability of several characters. C. mirabilis possesses the plesiomorphic characters of the round and narrow hyaline membrane and the unmodified outer terminal furcal setae, while it also bears the apomorphic ones of the male-type caudal rami in females and the modified outer terminal setae of male leg 4 exopod. the peculiar dorsal keel ornamented with spinule array on the female's caudal rami is the most significant feature differentiating this species from its relatives of the mirabilis group, which turned out to be a species group of closely related and largely allopatric or parapatric species. Affinities with the allies of the species group are discussed, and the morphological discrepancies differentiating the Japanese population are enumerated.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.761-768
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• 1999

This paper is studied to find the optimum condition of double-inlet Sirocco fan installed in an indoor PAC for low noise operation by the Taguchi method. The goal of this study is to obtain the best combination of each control factor which results in a desired flowrate of Sirocco fan with minimum variability. In this study, the parameter design of the Taguchi method is adopted for robust design by the dynamic characteristic analysis using orthogonal arrays and S/N ratios. The flowrate measurements are conducted by using a multiple-nozzle-type fan tester according to the orthogonal array L9($3^4$). The results of this study can be summarized as follows ; (i) The optimum condition of control factor is a set of where A is an inner to outer diameter ratio($D_1/D_2$), B is a width to outer diameter ratio($L/D_2$), C is a blade attachment angle(${\theta}$) and D is a number of blade(Z), (ii) The flowrate under the optimum condition satisfies the equation $y=0.0384{\cdot}M$ where M is a signal factor, namely number of revolution. The flowrate performance improves about 7.3% more largely as compared with the current condition, which results in about 35RPM reduction of number of revolution for the target flowrate $18.5m^3/min$, and (iii) The sensitivity analysis shows that the major factors in contribution to flowrate performance are A, B, and D ; the percentage contributions of each control factor are 44.01%(Z), 26.77%($D_1/D_2$) and 20.42%($L/D_2$).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.913-919
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• 2008

A new design and its experimental results of a microstrip-fed ultra-wideband tapered slot antenna(TSA) for millimeter-wave systems are presented. By utilizing the ultra-wideband microstrip-to-CPS transition(balun), ultra-wideband characteristics of the inherent TSA are retrieved. Also, the design procedure of the TSA is simplified by performing simple impedance matching between balun and antenna. The proposed TSA is shaped by using the Fermi-Dirac tapering function and corrugated at the outer edge. The implemented antenna demonstrates ultra-wideband performance for frequency ranges from 23 to over 58 GHz with the relatively high and flat antenna gain of 12 to 14 dBi and low sidelobe levels. In addition, a 4-element linear antenna array for phased-array systems and mm-wave sensor applications is also presented.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.775-782
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a dual-band GPS antenna using a single-layer coupled-feed structure for improvement of isolation and design complexity. The proposed antenna consists of a central feed patch and outer dual loops, and the loops are electromagnetically fed by the feed patch to induce currents. This feeding network can improve the isolation between antenna elements arranged in small arrays because the magnetic field strength near the antenna is minimized by confining the fields around the dual loops. The isolation characteristics of the proposed antenna are compared with those of the conventional multi-layer patch antenna, and the average field strength and the isolation are improved by 3 dB and 2 dB, respectively, which verifies that the antenna is suitable for small CRPA arrays.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2009

Thermo-mechanical behaviors of wire-bond plastic ball grid array (WB-PBGA) package assemblies are characterized by high-sensitivity moire interferometry. Using the real-time moire setup, fringe patterns are recorded and analyzed for several temperatures. Experiments are conducted for three types of WB-PBGA package that have full grid pattern and perimeter pattern with/without central connections. Bending deformations of the assemblies and average strains of the solder balls are investigated, with an emphasis on the effect of solder interconnection grid patterns, Thermal strain distributions and the location of the critical solder ball in package assemblies are quite different with the form of solder ball grid pattern. For the WB-PBGA-PC, The largest of effective strain occurred in the inner solder ball of perimeter closest to the chip solder balls. The critical solder ball is located at the edge of the chip for the WB-PBGA-FG, at the most outer solder ball of central connections for the WB-PBGA-P/C, and at the inner solder ball closest to the chip for the WB-PBGA-P.