• 한국동물학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.13-19
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• 1961

Free amino acids at five different developemntal stages (Gastrulation-Hatching -out stage) of Hynobius leechi BOULENGER were analyzed qualitatively by the use of paper paitition chromatography. It was found that the number of free amino acids increased as the development proceeded. The free amino acids identified at each stages are as follows : Gastrulation stage : Alaninie, Aspartic acid, Glutamin acid, Histidine, Methionine. Neural plate formation stage : Alanine , Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Histidine, MEthionine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Trypotophan. Middle tail-bud stage : Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine,Aspartic acid, Citrulline, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Histidie,Hydroxyproline, Proline, Leucine, Methionine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan. Late tail-bud stage : Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Citrulline, Glutamic acid. Glycine, Histidine, Hydroxyproline, Leucine, Methionine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine. Hatching -out stage : the same with the late tail-bud stage. It seems probable that the metabolic systems of amino acids before and after the middle tail-bud stage are quite different from each other. Before the middle tail=-bud stage, the reaction system of amino acids is thought not to be completed while after that stage the system has been completed , because in the former period of the development , the number of freeamino acids increased rapidly with the development , and after that stage, there is practically no change in the number of free amino acids.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.209-212
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• 2006

We investigated the effect of protein extract of Asterina pectinifera on the activity of 4 enzymes that may playa role in adenocarcinoma of the colon: quinone reductase (QR), glutathione Stransferase (GST), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. QR and GST activity increased in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells increased that had been exposed to 4 concentrations of the protein extract (80, 160, 200, and $240{\mu}g/mL$). Additionally, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ODC activity decreased significantly in cells exposed to the extract in concentrations of $160{\mu}g/mL$ (p<0.05), $200{\mu}g/mL$ (p<0.005), and $240{\mu}g/mL$ (p<0.005). TPA-induced COX-2 activity also decreased in cells exposed to extract concentrations of 10, 20, 40, and $60{\mu}g/mL$. COX-2 expression was also inhibited in cells exposed to this extract. These results suggest that this protein extract of A pectinifera has chemopreventive activity in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells, and therefore, may have the potential to function as a chemopreventive agent in human colorectal cancer.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2007

Ethanol extract from Salvia miltiorrhiza (SME) was tested for breast cancer chemoprevention and metastasis by measuring the activites of cytochrome P45O 1A1, aromatase, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9. SME significantly inhibited cytochrome P45O 1A1-mediated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in a dose-dependent manner in a concentration range of 100${\sim}$l,200 ${\mu}g/ml$ (p<0.01). Microsomal aromatase (estrogen synthase) activity was suppressed 54.9%${\sim}$77.5% by the SME at concentration of 600${\sim}$l,200 ${\mu}g/ml$. ODC activity induced by 12-O-tet-radecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was significantly reduced by the SME 900 and 1,200 ${\mu}g/ml$ (p<0.05) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In addition, SME (900 and 1,200 ${\mu}g/ml$) markedly inhibited MMP-9 activity, a key role in cancer metastasis. Therefore, SME is worth further investigation with respect to breast cancer chemoprevention or therapy.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.277-280
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• 2009

We examined the effects of polysaccharides extracted from Asterina pectinifera on the activities of quinone reductase (QR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and glutathione (GSH) levels in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. We found that the polysaccharides extract induced QR activity in a dose-dependent manner over a concentration range of $20-60\;{\mu}g/ml$ and increased GST activity as much as 1.4-fold over controls. GSH levels were increased 1.3- and 1.5-fold with the extract at 40 and $60\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The activity and protein expression of ODC in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced colon cancer cells was inhibited by the extract. The polysaccharides suppressed TPA-induced prostaglandin (PG) production. These data indicate that polysaccharides from A. pectinifera increase phase II detoxification enzyme activity and inhibit ODC and COX-2 activities in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Consequently, this effect may contribute to the protective effect of polysaccharides from A. pectinifera against colon cancer.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.573-581
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• 2016

Bacterial decarboxylation of amino acids in food leads to the production of biogenic amines, which can cause reactions in human that include headaches, nausea, palpitations, chills, and severe respiratory distress. The amine putrescine is an especially effective inhibitor of metabolizing enzymes and amplifies histamine intoxication and tyramine poisoning. Using an L-ornithine decarboxylating medium, we isolated 14 putrescine-producing bacteria from sand lance, Ammodytes personatus, sauces. The isolates were identified, using an API kit and 16S rRNA analysis, as Lysinibacillus fusiformis (1 strain), Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus (6 strains), Lysinibacillus macroides (1 strain), Lysinibacillus sphaericus (3 strains), Bacillus fusiformis (1 strain), Paenibacillus favisporus (1 strain), and Staphylococcus caprae (1 strain). These strains produced between 1.66 to 236.97 μg/mL of putrescine after 48 h incubation. Lysinibacillus spp. were the dominant putrescine-producing bacteria in sand lance sauces, which produced 236.97 μg/mL of putrescine from a culture broth containing 0.5% L-ornithine. This is the first report on the isolation and identification of putrescine-producing bacteria from sand lance sauces.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1546-1549
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• 2007

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS, 3 kDa

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.844-851
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• 2004

Efficient mammalian erythropoietin (EPO)-expression systems are required for therapeutic applications. The accumulation of ammonia is a major problem in the production of recombinant proteins in cultured animal cells. To counter this problem we introduced the first two genes of the urea cycle, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPSI) and ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), into IBE Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells by stable transfection. The resulting cell line, CO5, had a higher growth rate and accumulated less ammonia per cell than the parental cell line, IBE. In addition, it produced 2 times more EPO than the parent, and the purified EPO contained a higher proportion of acidic isoforms with approximately 15% more sialic acid.

• 생약학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.261-268
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• 1999

Lonicerae flos aqua-acupuncture solution (LFAS) and Lonicerae flos water-extracted solution (LFWS) were prepared and tested for chemopreventive potentials. Three biomarkers [quinone reductase (QR), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), glutathione(GSH)] were used to test chemopreventive potential of LFAS. LFAS was potent inducer of QR activity in Hepa1c1c7 murine hepatoma cells, whereas LFWS is less potent. LFAS and LFWS were also induced QR activities in cultured human hepatoma Hep3B cells. The effect of LFAS and LFWS were tested on the growth of Acanthamoeba castellanii. Proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii was inhibited by LFAS and LFWS at concentrations of $0.1{\times},\;0.5{\times}\;1{\times},\;and\;3{\times}.$ In addition, GSH levels were increased about 2-fold with LFAS and 1.5-fold with LFWS in cultured murine hepa1c1c7 cells. LFAS and LFWS were also shown to increase GSH levels in human Hep3B cells. These results suggest that LFAS has chemopreventive potential by inducing QR activity, inhibition of ODC activity and increasing GSH levels.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.126-130
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• 2008

Water extract from Prunella vulgaris L. (PVW) was tested for colon cancer chemopreventive activity by measuring the activities of cytochrome P450 1A1, phase Ⅱ detoxification enzyme [quinone reductase (QR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)] and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and glutathione (GSH) levels in cultured human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. PVW significantly inhibited 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced cytochrome P450 1A1 activity at 10 and 50 ${\mu}g/ml$. PVW induced QR activity in a dose-dependent manner over a concentration range of $1{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/ml$. GST activity was also induced with the treatment of PVW in HT-29 cells. In addition GSH levels were increased with PVW. PVW inhibited ODC activity, a key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, which is enhanced in tumor promotion. These results suggest that Prunella vulgaris L. has colon cancer chemopreventive activity by inhibiting cytochrome P450 1A1 and ODC activities and by increasing phase Ⅱ enzyme activity and GSH levels.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.321-329
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• 2005

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) antizyme is a key regulatory protein in the control of cellular polyamines. We have isolated two distinct ODC antizyme cDNA clones (AZS and AZL) from a flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) brain cDNA library. Their sequences revealed that both clones required translational frameshifting for expression. Taking + 1 frameshifting into account, AZS and AZL products were 221 and 218 amino acid residues long, respectively, and shared $83.3\%$ amino acid sequence identity. Comparison of the structure and nucleotide sequence of the antizyme genes showed that the genes were highly conserved in flounder, zebrafish, mouse, and human. A phylogenetic tree was constructed, based on the antizyme amino acid sequences from various species. The presence of the two types of antizyme mRNA species in brain, kidney, liver, and embryo was confirmed by using the reverse transcription­polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Northern blot analysis. Recombinant proteins of flounder ODC antizymes, containing His-Nus-S tag at the amino-terminus, were overexpressed as His-AZL and His-AZS fusion proteins in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLys by using the pET­44a(+) expression vector.