• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.261-266
• /
• 2011

During the process of screening for antioxidative effects of natural plants in Korea, by measuring the superoxide quenching activity, methanol extract of the whole plant, Galium verum var. asiaticum (Rubiaceae), was found to show potent antioxidant activity. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation of methanol extract of Galium verum var. asiaticum led to the isolation of five phenolic compounds. Using spectroscopic techniques, the chemical structures were elucidated as: caffeic acid (1), narcissin (2), rutin (3), luteolin-7-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 ${\rightarrow}$ 2)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (4), and luteolin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (5). These compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant. Among them, compound 1 showed the most significant riboflavin-originated superoxide and xanthine-originated superoxide quenching activities. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited mild superoxide quenching effects compared with vitamine C.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.230-235
• /
• 1993

The atmospheric aerosol samples during the Yellow Sand Phenomena in April 1993 were analyzed, and they were compared with those during the normal time. The conclusions are as follows: 1) TSP concentrations in the case of Yellow Sand Phenomena appeared to be 2.2times higher than those of normal conditions. 2) The concentration of aerosols; Inorganic components of soil-originated elements (Ca, Fe, Mn, Mg, K) during the Yellow Sand Phenomena were measured to be 1.9-2.1times higher than those during normal time. 3) During the Yellow Sand Phenomena the EF values of soil-originated metal contents except for elements Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn in the atmospheric aerosol were close to unity. 4) The concentrations of $Ca^{2+}, SO_4^{2-}, F^-$ in water soluble ionic components were higher than those during the normal time. 5) Washout factor by rain fall during the Yellow Sand Phenomena were estimated to 1268. 6) During the Yellow Sand Phenomina average deposition was 37.8ton/$km^2$.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2008

Spinal joint pain syndrome is composed of atlanto-occipital, atlanto-axial, facet, and sacro-iliac joints pain. The syndrome is characterized as referred pain which is originated from deep somatic tissues, which is quietly different from radicular pain with dermatomal distribution originated from nerve root ganglion. The prevalence of facet joint pain in patients with chronic spinal pain of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions has been known 56%, 42%, and 31% as in order. It is generally accepted in clinical practice that diagnostic blocks are the most reliable means for diagnosing spinal joints as pain generators. The sacroiliac joint has been shown to be a source of 10% to 27% of suspected cases with chronic low back pain utilizing controlled comparative local anesthetic blocks. The treatment of spinal joints ideally consists of a multimodal approach comprising conservative therapy, medical management, procedural interventions, and if indicated.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2006.10a
• /
• pp.166-166
• /
• 2006

The photoluminescence (PL) efficiency of $Ir(ppy)_{3}$:PVK is lower than $Ir(ppy)_{3}$:CBP for the whole range of doping concentration and this low PL efficiency can be a reason of the lower efficiency of PhPLED than PhOLED. The lower efficiency is originated from the large bi-excitonic quenching such as the triplet-triplet annihilation. The PhPLEDs showed very short lifetime. The short lifetime was found to be originated from the instability of the doubly reduced $Ir(ppy)_{3^{-2}}$. The double reduction takes place because of the low electron mobility of PVK and large energy difference of LUMO level between PVK and $Ir(ppy)_{3}$.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.358-366
• /
• 1987

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma [MFH] of left pulmonary artery was reported in the 27 year-old male. He was admitted because of hemoptysis for several times. Chest x-ray revealed nodular lesions in left hilar area and left upper lobe. A left thoracotomy was performed followed left upper lobectomy. The main tumor was originated from the pulmonary arterial bifurcation and proximal portion of the left pulmonary artery. By light microscopy, there were many pleomorphic giant cells, which displayed the storiform pattern. And in those area, dilated or compressed vascular channels were involved by tumor cells, suggesting origin of This tumor. Pulmonary artery angiography and chest CT revealed this tumor was originated from pulmonary artery. It would be the first reported primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pulmonary artery in our country. Postoperative prognosis was uneventful, but recently he was suffered from dyspnea, that was noticed by OVD follow-up for 1 month, probably the heart failure sign due to pulmonary arterial flow obstruction.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.151-162
• /
• 1989

Secretory ducts in the stem of Panax ginseng seedlings are observed with light and electron microscopes to clarify development of the epithelial cells of secretory ducts. Secretory duct initial cell is developed from procambial cell which originated from initial cell is differentiated into ipithelial cell ofsecretory ducts. Intercellular space between the epithelial cells are gradually expanded and differentiated into duct lumen. Disintegrations of epithelial cells occur throughout all the stages of development. The cytoplasm of epithelial cells darken and the epithelial cell wall are lysed, preceding their disintegraton. In the epithelial cell organelles are scattered in the cytoplasm. Development of vcuoles are sparse at the early stage. Starch grains decreased gradually, while lipid droplets increased. Free ribosomes are distributed throughout the cytoplasm and secretory vesicles which originated from rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex are fused with the plasmalemma. These suggest that the cellular metabolism is active. Microtubules and plasmodesmata are typically observed in the thickened epithelial cell wall. Secretions are accumulated in duct lumen.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.140-143
• /
• 2001

As global trade system transferred GATT into WTO, the harmonization of technological standards, certification, construction, testing is the trend of world. This drift is based on WTO / TBT agreement coming. In effect after 12th, April, 1979. For Korea, the distribution system has a strong resemblance to American system so that engineers are confused in adopting standards. IEC60364 and NEC are in part similar but unconvertible because IEC 60364 originated from Europe while NEC originated from USA. This thesis deals with the fundamental elements of electrical safety system with comparing IEC 60364 with NEC. It serves as a guide how to apply standards when engineers select electrical installations.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.17-20
• /
• 2007

Bovine lactoferricin(LFcin B) is a peptide of 25 amino acids that originated from the N terminus of bovine lactoferrin, and is characterized as having potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses. But, direct expression of Lfcin B is lethal to Escherichia coli. For the efficient production of Lfcin B in microorganism, we developed an expression system in which the gene for cationic Lfcin B was fused to an anionic peptide gene, and successfully expressed the concatemeric fusion gene in E. coli. The purified recombinant Lfcin B was found to have antimicrobial activity, as chemically synthesized Lfcin B peptide does.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.804-810
• /
• 1990

Pulmonary thromboembolism originated mostly from the venous thrombus, especially deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities, which migrated upward and lodged the pulmonary vasculatures, Massive pulmonary thromboembolism usually leads to in \ulcornerhospital mortality if the patient was not treated properly. Under the cardiopulmonary bypass, a 49-year old man was treated successfully by emergent pulmonary embolectomy of pulmonary thromboembolism, which originated from the deep vein thrombosis in the right leg. Ligation or filtering device insertion of the inferior vena cava was not performed. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful and discharged on postoperative 15th day He continued to receive oral anticoagulation with aspirin and persantin, which had been started on the third postoperative day. And he was well till recent days through the outpatient follow-up. The clinical courses of this patient are described, and massive pulmonary embolism and its management are discussed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 1974

52 cases of metastatic lung tumor, including 22 [42.3%] choriocarcinoma., 13[25%] liver cancer, 6 [7.5%] stomach cancer, 2 bone tumor, etc, were reviewed at Busan National University Hospital, during a 5 year period ending with 1974. The age distribution of metastatic lung tumor were same in second decade to 5th decade. The most common appearances of roentgenograms of metastatic lung tumor were that of multinodular [42.3%], diffuse acinar [21.1%],infiltrative or pneumonic[21.1%], solitary lesion [9.6%] and diffuse micronodular [5.7%]. The metastatic lesions originated from choriocarcinoma revealed multinodular and acinar in roentgenogram, and the lesions originated from liver and stomach cancer revealed infiltrative and acinar. In our series, the positive hilar lymph node enlargement was encountered in 12 cases, of which 4 were in liver cancer and 3 were in stomach cancer. Pleural effusion was also encountered in 5 cases, of which 3 were in liver cancer. The treatment of this series was almost conservative except of 2 cases of pulmonary resection, and the reason of this limited cases of surgical treatment was seemed due to the delayed direction of metastasis to lung beyond the proper indication of surgery.