• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.72-86
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• 2021

Objectives The aim of this study was to review the current clinical Sasang constitutions studies by using genetics and to provide basic data for developing in a better direction of research. Methods Research articles on genetics of the clinical Sasang constitutions studies were extracted from six databases. The articles were classified were published year, published journals, and the types of studies. Subjects of research and experimental methods for the genetic research were summarized. Results A total of 43 selected research articles were published from 1996 to 2020 and more than half of them were published in Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine and Journal of Korean Oriental Medicine. There were three main types of researches. The three types of researches were for investigating a genetic indicator for classification of Sasang constitutional type, confirming a relationship between pathological gene and Sasang constitutional type, and checking a hereditary of Sasang constitutional type. But these studies did not yield clear results illustrating a relationship between Genetics and Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Discussion In this study, the necessity of the follow up studies to demonstrate a relationship between Genetics and Sasang Constitutional Medicine was confirmed.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.16-28
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• 2021

Introduction The Sasang Urination Defecation Inventory was developed to analyze Sasang-type specific pathophysiological clinical symptoms, and its revised Sasang Urination Inventory (SUI) illustrated its clinical usefulness in Sasang type differentiation. However, the correlation with established clinical measures for its concurrent validity were not provided yet. Methods Total of 48 healthy university students were recruited to response Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) and Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) of Western medicine along with the SUI of traditional Korean medicine. The correlation coefficients between UDI-6 and OABSS and SUI were acquired with Pearson's correlation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Profile Analysis were used to analyze significant differences in SUI subscale profiles of each Sasang types. Results The SUI-HSS of urogenital hypersensitivity correlated positively with OABSS (r=0.442, p<0.01), and the SUI-DIS of urinary discomfort positively with UDI-6 (r=0.289, p<0.05). Interestingly, the SUI-total was correlated positively with age (r=0.326), height (r=0.318) and weight (r=0.304). The SUI-DIS for urinary discomfort of So-Yang (9.48±2.11) type was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of Tae-Eum (7.2±2.90) type. And SUI subscale profiles of each Sasang type were significantly (Wilks' Lambda=0.792, F=2.723, p=0.034) distinctive to each other. Discussion The acceptable convergent validity of SUI was shown using established measures of urogenital symptoms. The SUI might be used as an objective traditional Korean clinical measure for Sasang type differentiation and urological patients.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.605-621
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of Hwangryunhaedok-tang for type 2 diabetes without complications by systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: We searched the following up to March 31. 2021: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CiNii, KISS, KMBASE, OASIS, ScienceON. Data extraction and assessment of Cochrane's risk of bias (RoB) tool were performed by two independent authors, and if there was disagreement between two researchers, it was resolved through the intervention of a third researcher. Results: A total of seven trials are included in this systemic review. The treatment group (Hwangryunhaedok-tang plus conventional treatment) showed more statistically significant effects than did the control group (conventional treatment only) in fasting plasma glucose level, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose level, glycated hemoglobin A1c, fasting insulin level, and HOMA-IR. There was no significant difference between the treatment group (Hwangryunhaedok-tang alone) and the control group (metformin alone). Conclusion: Hwangryunhaedok-tang might have efficacy and safety in controlling blood sugar level and improving insulin-resistance. However, the number of studies included in the meta-analysis was insufficient, and the Hwangryunhaedok-tang used in the included studies was not standardized. Also, the quality of the involved studies was generally low. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of Hwangryunhaedok-tang treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.361-369
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to review the herbal medications of asthma through clinical studies in Korea and to be utilized in the treatment of asthma and in other clinical studies. All clinical researches about asthma published up to 13th February 2018 were found in two domestic electric databases, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System(OASIS) and National Discovery for Science Library(NDSL). Twenty-seven articles were selected and of these, there were 14 articles of before and after studies(BAS), 8 of case series(CS), 4 of case reports(CR) and 1 of the randomized controlled trial(RCT). The most frequently used prescription was "Cheongsangboha-tang(淸上補下湯)". There were various TCM patterns, and Tae-Eum-In(太陰人) was the most common Sasang constitution(四象體質). Frequently used evaluations to assess treatment effects were lung function tests such as Forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adult Korean Asthmatics(QLQAKA) questionnaire responses. We have found that herbal medicine treatment can be an effective treatment to improve the symptoms and the quality of life of asthmatic patients. But we consider that large-scale systematically designed clinical researches are needed additionally.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2018

Last year, the elderly population aged 65 years and over exceeded 14.2 percent of the total population, and Korea has entered the ageing society. At the same time, social interest in improving the health level and quality of life in the elderly has also increased. In particular, pain is one of the most common diseases experienced by middle-aged and elderly people and is one of the factors that closely affect the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the pain level and pain region of Korean medicine users and the use of Korean medicine in the Korean middle aged and elderly using the 6th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) panel. As a result, the main influencing factors of Korean medical care were subjective factors such as gender, subjective health status, and education level. In particular, half of the middle-aged and elderly who used Korean medicine experienced back and knee pain, and generally complained of low level of pain. This study suggests the need for research and development of Korean medicine that can control and relieve the pain of the middle-aged and elderly.

• Integrative Medicine Research
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.223-223
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• 2016

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng) has been shown to exert antihypertensive effects. In particular, ginsenoside Rg3 is thought to be a potent modulator of vascular function. The present study was performed to examine the antihypertensive efficacy of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) extract and Rg3-enriched KRG (REKRG) extract. Methods: Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) andWistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) were divided into six groups (WKY control, WKY-KRG, WKY-REKRG, SHR control, SHR-KRG, and SHRREKRG), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured at the carotid artery, followed by injection of 3mg/kg KRG or 3mg/kg REKRG. Results: REKRG treatment significantly decreased SBP and DBP 3hours post-treatment in the SHR group compared with SHR control group. However, SBP and DBP were not significantly different in KRG-treated SHRs compared with control SHRs. REKRG treatment did not significantly alter SBP or DBP 3hours post-treatment in the WKY group compared with WKY control group. Similarly, there were no differences in SBP or DBP with KRG treatment in the WKY group and WKY control group. Both KRG and REKRG increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation levels in the aorta, and the increases in endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation levels by REKRG treatment were higher than those with KRG treatment. Similarly, nitric oxide production in plasma from WKYs and SHRs was also increased by both KRG and REKRG. Conclusion: These results suggest that REKRG has a more beneficial effect on blood pressure control than KRG in SHRs.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2018

Objectives Bangpungtongsungsan is an herbal medicine that treats obesity and dampness-phlegm. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Bangpungtongsungsan on insulin resistance induced by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were divided into four groups: control group (Ctrl), high fat diet group (HFF), high fat diet with Bangpungtongsungsan extract administration group (BT1), and high fat diet with double concentration of Bangpungtongsungsan extract administration group (BT2). Each 10 mice were allocated to each group (total of 40 mice). All mice were allowed to eat fat rich diet freely throughout the experiment. To examine the effect of Bangpungtongsungsan, we observed weight changes, lipid blot distributions, PGC-1, $p-I{\kappa}B$, 8-OHdG, p-JNK, total cholesterol and glucose levels. Results Comparing of body weight measurements between 4 groups, weight gain was significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group than the HFF group. The distribution of lipid blots and positive reaction of PGC-1 were significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. The positive reaction of $p-I{\kappa}B$ and 8-OHdG in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. The positive reaction of p-JNK in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. Total cholesterol and glucose levels were significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. Conclusions Bangpungtongsungsan has the effect of improving non-alcoholic fatty liver induced insulin resistance through regulation of lipid metabolism.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.283-291
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of trunk stability training on static balance and game records among archers. Methods: The subjects comprised 24 voluntary archers in middle and high school (aged 14-19 years). All the subjects received trunk stability training for an hour per day 3 days a week for 4 weeks. The Tetrax balance system was used to measure the stability index of the subjects' static balance. The subjects' game records were scored using a single FITA round system. All the subjects were measured before the intervention, 2 weeks into the intervention, and 4 weeks after the intervention, with a follow-up measurement 2 weeks later. Results: The results of this study showed that the stability index was significantly different across all the measuring positions after the intervention (p<0.05). Furthermore, the results of the measurements of the standing position with eyes open and closed were significantly different before the intervention compared to 4 weeks after the intervention (p<0.05). The archery position with the head turned to the left and eyes closed was also significantly different pre-intervention compared to 2 weeks after the start of the intervention (p<0.05). Additionally, the archery records were significantly different after the intervention (p<0.05), as well as before the intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: Trunk stability training can improve static balance in archers. It may also be helpful in improving athletic performance and maintaining the life of the athlete. Accordingly, trunk stability training may prevent and resolve injuries through careful management when playing one-side sports.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.30-41
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• 2019

Objectives Development of objective clinical measure for analyzing pediatric weakness has been studied. However, there is no gold standard clinical measures with acceptable validity and reliability were not provided yet and these has been major issue for clinics. Methods Some Korean medicine hospital outpatients (n=324) were recruited as participants, and 55 preliminary questions were given. Pediatric Weakness Scale (PWS) with five subscales and thirty questions were developed using factor analysis and item analysis. The internal consistency of PWS subscales were examined with using Cronbach's alpha. The correlations between PWS subscales and physical characteristics of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Ponderal Index (PI) were attested using Pearson's correlation. The differences between PWS subscale scores and profiles among 3 to 13 years old children were examined using profile analysis and ANOVA by gender. Results PWS five subscales explained 49.1% of total variance, and the range of Cronbach's alpha was from 0.700 to 0.803. The range of correlation coefficient between PWS total score and five subscales was from 0.643 to 0.748, and the PWS total score was significantly (p<0.001) correlated positively with BMI (r=-0.237) and negatively with PI (r=-0.280). The scores and profiles of PWS five subscales, BMI and PI were found to be significantly different among the all age groups. Conclusions Objective and validated clinical measure for analyzing pediatric weakness with five subscales was developed in current study, and foundations for screening, managing and treating pediatric weakness during the development were established as well. This study would contribute to the integrative education and clinical practice of the Eastern and Western medicine.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2019

Objectives Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis are herbs that treat obesity and dampness-phlegm. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis on lipid deposition with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were divided into three groups: control group (Ctrl), high fat diet group (HFF), and high fat diet with Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis extract administration group (CGT). Each 10 mice were allocated to each group (total of 30 mice). All mice were allowed to eat fat rich diet freely throughout the experiment. To examine the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis, we observed weight changes, total cholesterol and glucose levels, lipid blot distributions, PGC-1, p-$I{\kappa}B$, and p-JNK. Results Body weights for all mice were measured and analyzed the difference between the groups. Weight gain was significantly lower in CGT group than the HFF group. Total cholesterol and glucose levels were significantly lower in CGT group. The distribution of lipid blots and positive reaction of PGC-1 were significantly lower in CGT group. The positive reaction of p-$I{\kappa}B$ in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in CGT group. The positive reaction of p-JNK in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in CGT group. Conclusions Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis have the effect of improving non - alcoholic fatty liver induced insulin resistance through regulation of lipid metabolism.