• 한국경제지리학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.388-405
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 덴마크 코펜하겐과 스웨덴 스케네 지방을 아우르는 초국경적 산업 클러스터를 형성하고 있는 외레순 지역 식품 클러스터의 성격을 트리플 힐릭스 혁신체계 관점에서 분석한 것이다. 외레순 식품 클러스터의 트리플 힐릭스 혁신체계는 3가지 차원의 트리플 힐릭스 공간을 통해 지속적인 혁신과 혁신 시너지를 창출하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 먼저 트리플 힐릭스 지식공간(knowledge spaces)은 지역 대학들의 연합 조직인 외레순 대학을 통해 식품산업과 관련된 교육 및 연구 협력 프로그램을 운영하고 있으며, 대학들이 생성해 내는 강력한 지식창출 체계와 자발적 및 정책적 노력에 의해 활성화된 산 학 협력을 통해 지식 이전과 활용 체계가 효율적으로 구축되어 있다. 둘째, 트리플 힐릭스 합의공간(consensus spaces)으로는 외레순 푸드 네트워크(Oresund Food Network)가 핵심 매개조직으로 기능하면서 식품 클러스터의 네트워크 조직자이자 비전 제시자 역할을 담당하고 있다. 마지막으로 트리플 힐릭스 혁신공간(innovation spaces)은 이데온 사이언스 파크를 비롯한 다수의 인큐베이터 및 비즈니스파크들이 단순한 물리적 컨테이너 역할을 벗어나 식품 클러스터의 공식적 및 비공식적 네트워크의 공간적 거점 역할을 수행하고 있다. 외레순 식품 클러스터는 이러한 3가지 층위의 트리플 힐릭스 공간을 통해 산 학 관이 역동적인 상호작용 네트워크 체계를 형성하면서 진화하고 있다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.178-199
• /
• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 페어팩스 카운티 IT서비스 산업의 발달과정에서 지역적 특수성이 끼친 영향을 확인하는 것이다. 페어팩스 카운티의 IT서비스 산업은 미국 내에서 가장 특화되고, 회복력이 높을 뿐만 아니라 독특한 산업 환경을 조성하였다. 이는 수도권 지역이라는 매우 특수한 입지적 조건을 바탕으로, 연방정부와 카운티 기관을 포함하는 공공부문이 장기적인 지역산업의 발달에서 상당한 역할을 담당하였다는 점에 기인한다. 연방정부는 기업의 유입과 확대, 소기업의 성장, 고숙련 인력풀의 조성, 정부조달시장 관련 IT서비스 산업의 성장에 영항을 끼쳤으며, 페어팩스 카운티의 지역 공공기관들은 기업 및 잠재적 기업가들을 위한 다양한 프로그램을 제공하고 있고, 네트워킹의 장을 제공함으로써 지역내 관계적 자산의 구축에 힘쓰고 있다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
• /
• 제9권
• /
• pp.445-488
• /
• 1997

In the forthcoming 21st century new technical and scientific developments in outer space demands new approaches towards the problems arising in several fields of the use and exploitation of outer space including practical applications. The main purposes of this study are to analyze the legal problems of geostationary orbital position, telecommunication, direct television broadcasting by uses of artificial satellites. Communication via artificial Earth satellites was one of the first applications of space technology and is now one of the most developed field. From the technical and economic standpoints the advantages of world-wide satellites communication system are too all obvious. However, as the practical uses of space technology become more freguent, the legal conflicts among nations have become more divisive. One of the problem grown in uses of artificial satellites is that of the increasing shortage of suitable orbital slot positions for satellites, especially in geostationary orbit. Legal status of geostationary orbit as a limited resourece have to be reviewed in consideration of the side effect of the "First use, first-served" principle. The geostationary orbit is to be used for the benifits of all mankind and to be guaranteed for each state institutionaly in order to have eguitable access to the use of the orbit. Rapid increase of satellites broadcasting system in not only developed countries but also in developing countries opened up new possibilities with one another's scientific and cultural achievements. But there is also a potential danger that this powerful new instrument of influencing public opinion will be abused. Such a danger incudes spill-over or harmful interference. This controversial issue brings about the question whether prior consent from the receiver nation is needed to broadcast across international boundaries. Some states have rejected prior consent because it interfere with the free flow of information. Many other countries have opposed that opinion as an invasion and violation of sovereignty and as a violation of the 1967 Treaty and the UN Charter. Since declaration of the First Year of Outer Space in 1985, our country have promoted the plan of launching communication and broadcasting satellites. With the Koreasat launched in 1995 as the start, a real satellite-telecommunication era was opened in korea. According to this new development of our country, there will also rise various legal problems related to satellite broadcasting and telecommunication such as the inflow of foreign programs, the permeation of culture and the infringement of program copyright. Consequently the effective reactions to these problems in satellite-communication era should be tried including international cooperation. It is therefore to take into careful consideration the legal issues which may arise in outer space activities and to formulate positive policy on international cooperation with surrounding or advanced countries and international organization concerned. For this purpose the United Nations also prepares the UNISPACE III in 1999, to enable the international community to meet a more promising 21st century.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.61-72
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine how the interface between "place of work" and "place of living" in the housing sphere has changed, and to understand its social background. During the korean modernization period, changes in economic structure toward industry has an influence on many aspects of modem life in addition to occupations. The traditional mixing of heterogeneous activities in the home-such as between reproduction and household affairs, first changed into a coexistence of two spaces with different functions within the boundaries of home, and finally into a spatial separation between functions in an urban dimension. As a result of this process, the primary role of the modem home is as a place for relaxation without work. One important kind of home, in which a retail shop is integrated with it, was researched as a transitional form. Its spatial layout showed a various combined usage of both spaces. In conclusion, changes in relevant macro-social aspects are very concretely reflected m the function and spatial organization of the home.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 2005

A goal of this research is to propose the remodeling possibility from deteriorated stock apartment housing, to three generation family living in a dwelling unit for low incomes. An apartment housing which was built from 1970s, is accumulated over $55\%$ of the stock housing in Korea, many of them are confront with a rebuilding in a short usage of twenty years below. They are small one, and many of the residence complain narrow and small space compare to economic growth and their needs. This article deals the reform of two to one dwelling units, that it can be use for three generation family living as a new residence, because its spatial character is more controled privacy condition as a four bay spatial organization in the dwelling. The reform simulated in a 10, 13, 14, 15, and 16 pyung, the remodeling size became from 20 to 30 pyung, and its reform can be apply to extend life cycle of a stock confront with redevelopment. The possibility of the reform houses have more intensive privacy in a house compare with same area of new apartment. It tells us that we can recycle the deteriorate apartment house into three generation family living use, and it will be clue to change slum clearance into reform and recycle of deteriorate apartment house.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.285-294
• /
• 2002

경제 성장에 따른 소득의 증가와 사회구조의 변화에 따른 자동화, 고속화, 여가화 등으로 1990년 이후 부부 동반, 가족 동반 여행이 급증하면서 이전의 패키지 여행이나 개별 여행에서 가족 여행의 추세로 변화하게 되어 크루즈 선박에도 많은 영향을 주었다. 최근에는 가족 단위의 공간이 필요하면서부터 객실의 호화 실내 의장을 한 크루즈 선들이 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 크루즈 선박의 선실 중 고급형 객실(Royal suite, Suite)의 실내 공간 특성을 파악하여 향후 크루즈 선박을 개발하는데 있어 기초자료를 구축하고자 한다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
• /
• 제4권
• /
• pp.7-35
• /
• 1992

The expansion of air transport on a global scale with ever increasing traffic densities has brought about problems that must be solved through new multilateral mechanisms. Looking to the immediate future, air transport will require new forms of international cooperation in technical and economic areas. Air transport by its very nature should have been a counterforce to nationalism. Yet, the regulatory system in civil aviation is still as firmly rooted in the principle of national sovereignty as when it was first proclaimed at t-11e Paris Convention of 1919 and reaffirmed in the Chicago Convention. Sovereignty over the airspace has remained the cornerstone of relations between states in all respects of air transport. The importance of sovereignty over air space embodied in article 1 of the Chicago Conrenton also is responsible for restricting the authority of ICAO as an intergovernmental regulatory agency. The Orgenization, for all its extensive efforts, has only limited authority. ICAO sets standards but cannot enforce them; it devises solutions but cannot impose them. To implement its rules ICAO most rely not so much on legal requirements as on the goodwill of states. It has been forty-eight years since international community set the foundations of the international system in civil aviation action. Profound political, economic and technological changes have taken place in air transport. The Chicago Convention is living proof that staes can work together to make air transport a safe mode of travel. The law governing international civil auiation is principally based on international treaties and on other regulation agreed to by governments, for the most part through the mechanism of ICAO. The role of ICAO international standards and recommended practices and procedures dealing with a broad range of technical matters could hardly be overestimated. The organization's ability to develop these standards and procedures, to adapt them continuously to the rapid sate of change and development of air transport, should be particularly stressed. The role of ICAO in the area of the development of multilateral conventions on international air law has been successful but to a certain degree. From the modest starting-point of the Tokyo Convention, we have seen more adequate international instruments prepared within the scope of ICAO activities, adopted: the Hague Convention of 1970 for the suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft and the Montreal Convention of 1971 for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation. The work of ICAO in the new domain of international law conventions concerning what has been loosely termed above as the criminal problems connected with international air transport, in particular the problem of armed aggression against aircraft, should be positively appreciated. But ICAO records in the domain of developing a uniform legal system of international carriage by air are rather disappointing. The problem of maintaining and developing the uniformity of this regulation exceeds the scope of interest and competence of governmental transport agencies. The expectations of mankind linked to it are too great to give up trying to restore the uniform legal system of international air carriage that would create proper conditions for its further growth. It appears that ICAO has, at present, a good opportunity for doing this. The hasty preparation of ICAO draft conventions should be definitely excluded. Every Preliminary draft convention ought to be sent to Governments of all member-States for consideration, So that they could in form ICAO in due time of their observation. The problom of harmonizing a uniform law of international air carriage with that of other branches of international transport should demand more and more of its attention. ICAO cooperation with other international arganization, especially these working in the field of international transport, should be strengthened. ICAO is supposed to act as a link and a mediator among, at times the conflicting interests of member States, serving the happiness and peace of all of the world. The transformation of the contemporary world of developing international relations, stimulated by steadily growing international cooperation in its various dimensions, political, economic, scientific, technological, social and cultural, continuously confronts ICAO with new task.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국주거학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.323-327
• /
• 2008

The population of the elderly and elderly living alone goes on increasing. Most elderly does not want to move into another place out of their present living environment. So it is essential to know their living conditions for the quality of living, especially the aged living alone out of their children' care. Unfortunately there is scarcely any house designed for the aged, especially elderly living alone until now. So this study investigated the living environment of the elderly living alone in gunsan city. The ratio of the female aged living alone is about 3 times than the male but the male population is increasing. Most of them are troubled with more than a disease and use aids and feel the necessity of the others' help. The ratio of the absolute poverty among the elderly living alone is about 30%. The majority of them are almost 65-84 years old with living detached house. Most of them own their house. They living in detached house are of a mind to remodel bath/toilet first of all and they living in apartment or row houses have a intention of remodeling an air conditioner and paper walls and ceiling and flooring of all things in house. As the bath and restroom have been pointed as a dangerous space for elderly, the elderly living alone pointed out them as to be remodeled. It seemed the air conditioner in house do not work well in view of their poor economic condition. For the elderly It is needed economic and institutional supports of private organization or government.

• 서비스연구
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 선행연구에서 정립된 신경영 프레임워크에 기반을 둔 신경영자 모델을 연구하기 위해 수행되었다. 경영 주체로서의 경영자 관점과 경영의 대상인 객체로서의 경영자 관점을 모두 포용하는 신경영자론을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 현대 경영자가 왜 기존 경영자와 달라져야 하는지 그 이유를 논리적으로 제시하였다. 현대경제사회가 기존 경제사회와 달라졌고, 경영의 대상인 현대 조직이 기존 조직과 달라졌으며, 경영자에게 요구되는 과업이 기존의 과업과 달라졌음을 논리적으로 설명하였다. 새로운 경영자에게 요구되는 경영자 모델을 현대경제철학인 서비스철학의 구조와 프로세스 모델에 기반하여 제시하였다. 제시된 경영자 모델에 따라, 새로운 경영자에게 요구되는 과업과 그 과업을 수행하기 위한 경영자로서의 필수 소양을 제시하였다. 또한 경영자에게 요구되는 소양을 가진 경영자가 수행해야하는 역할 모델을 제시하였다. 고객과 하나가 되는 경영자 역할, 자신의 비이성성까지도 통제하는 경영자 역할, 분별과 비분별을 병행하는 경영자 역할, 강한 카리스마와 물과 같은 부드러움을 겸비한 유연한 리더십 역할, 규정과 비규정을 포용하는 관리자 역할, 비전과 무비전 경영을 병행하는 경영자 역할, 경쟁과 비경쟁을 모두 활용하는 경영자 역할 모델 등을 도출하였다. 경영자는 두 개의 상반되는 역할을 태극식 모델로 포용하며 각 역할이 지닌 자체 모순을 시공간 차원에서 해결하면서 발전해가는 나선형 변증법적 사이클로 경영활동을 수행해야 함을 제시하였다. 대한민국 태극기에서 사용한 주역의 감괘와 리괘 모델을 차용하여 두 대립자를 내부 및 외부에 포용하는 방식과 시공간축의 변화에 따른 변증법적 경영 실행과정을 제시하였다. 향후 연구로는 신경영자 모델에 대한 실증적 분석적 연구들이 필요하다. 본 연구를 확장하여 실용적인 모델로 발전시키고, 이를 분석적 방법으로 검증하는 연구들이 필요하다.

• 대한지리학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.297-317
• /
• 1994

경부선 철도는 韓半島의 從貫鐵道로 1905년에 일본에 의하여 건설되었다. 일본은 경부선 노선을 당시에 우리 나라에 존재하였던 여러 교통로를 組合하여, 이 철도 하나로 한 반도 전체를 통제할 수 있도록 선정하였다. 따라서, 이 노선은 당시 한국의 주요 水運, 道路 交通, 市場地域 등이 횡단되도록 하였다. 또한, 鐵道驛은 기존의 취락에서 1km이상 떨어져 광범위한 부지상에 입지시켰다. 이와 같이 건설된 경부선 철도는 개통후 30년후에 한국의 空間組織을 크게 변화시켰다. 경부선 철도상의 주요 지점이 급성장하고 개통 전의 여러 상 업, 행정, 교통요지들이 쇠퇴하였다. 또한, 경부선 철도중심으로 모든 기능들이 집중되어 地 域經濟의 兩極化 現象이 나타나기 시작했고, 생태적 不均衡이 누적되어 왔다.