• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2024

Reduced-port gastrectomy (RPG) includes all procedures derived from various efforts to minimize surgical invasiveness, with single-incision laparoscopic gastrectomy (SILG) being the ultimate reduced-port technique. However, there are challenges related to its feasibility, oncological validity, training, and education. This review describes the current issues and challenges, as well as the future prospects of RPG for gastric cancer. Gastrectomy, which started as an open surgery, has evolved into a laparoscopic surgery. With the advancements in laparoscopic technology, SILG has been used to minimize surgical scarring. However, owing to the technical difficulties of SILG, cases involving the addition of 1 trocar or needle grasper alongside the multichannel port have also been reported. Additionally, 3-port laparoscopic gastrectomy (3PLG) using only 3 trocars is also being performed. RPG, as a concept, includes a range of approaches such as SILG, 2-port laparoscopic gastrectomy, and 3PLG. These techniques aimed to reduce the number of ports or incisions required for laparoscopic gastrectomy. Despite technical difficulties, RPGs offer numerous advantages, including minimal invasiveness, excellent cosmetic outcomes, and the potential for improved postoperative recovery, such as reduced length of hospital stay and post-operative pain. It could be considered similar to conventional laparoscopic gastrectomy, and may not be oncologically inferior. Ongoing studies, such as the KLASS 12, are required to gain further insights.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
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• pp.221-226
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• 2006

Around 2002, the United States Coast Guard (USCG) identified a need to re-capitalize their Reference Station (RS) and Integrity Monitor (IM) equipment used in the Nationwide Differential Global Position System (NDGPS). Commercially available off-the-shelf differential RS and IM equipment lacked the open architecture required to support long-term goals that include future system improvements such as use of new civil frequencies on L2 and L5 and realization of a higher rate NDGPS beacon data channel intended to support RTK. The first step in preparing for this future NDGPS was to port current RTCM SC-104 compatible RS and IM functionality onto an open architecture PC-based platform. Trimble's product Charisma is a PC-based RS and IM software designed to meet these USCG goals. In fact USCG engineers provided key designs and design insights throughout the development. We cannot overstate the contribution of the USCG engineers. Fundamental requirements for this effort were that it be sufficiently flexible in hardware and software design to support fluid growth and exploitation of new signals and technologies as they become available, yet remain backward compatible with legacy user receivers and existing site hardware and system architecture. These fundamental goals placed an implicit adaptability requirement on the design of the replacement RS and IM. Additionally, project engineers were to remain focused on sustaining the high level of differential GPS service that 1.5 million legacy users have come to depend on. This paper will present new hardware and software (i.e., Trimble's Charisma software) architecture for the next generation NDGPS RS and IM. This innovative approach to engineering on an open architecture PC-based platform allows the system to continue to fulfill legacy NDGPS system requirements and allows the USCG and others to pursue a scalable hardware re-capitalization strategy. We will use the USCG's recapitalization project to explain the essential role of the Charisma software.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.51-71
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• 2019

기억은 과거보다 미래를 위한 정신적 활동이고, 기억을 복원 재생해야 할 책임은 현대를 살아가는 지식인에 있다. 이러한 맥락에서 도서관이 사회와 동행하려면 기억을 복원하고 사회적 역할과 기능을 분석하여 지역발전에 어떻게 기여하는지를 논증해야 한다. 본 연구는 공공도서관 지역발전 기여 사례를 배경정보와 문헌 사례 연구, 현장조사, 담당자 인터뷰를 통하여 개항도시 부산 인천 공공도서관의 지역경제 발전, 지역문화 재생 및 진작, 지역공동체 형성 등을 중심으로 지역발전 기여에 대하여 논증하였다. 그럼에도 경제적, 문화적, 지역공동체 형성의 측면에서 지역발전 기여도는 완전체가 될 수 없다. 도서관 자체의 역사지리 및 건축예술 측면, 지역주민의 인식 및 이용가치 측면을 반영하는 후속연구가 필요하다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.15-33
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• 1990

In recent years, propellers with various blade configurations such as highly skewed propellers are often fitted to ships from the viewpoint of reduction of vibration and noise. In the design of such propellers, design charts based on methodical series tests are to be complemented by theoretical calculations for accurate estimation of propeller open-water characteristics. The author intended to develop a method to estimate propeller open-water characteristics based on Quasi -Vortex - Lattice Method originally developed by Lan for solving planar thin wings, The Quasi - Vortex - Lattice Method has the simplicity and flexibility of Vortex - Lattice Method. Its accuracy is comparable to that of the Vortex - Lattice Method. Converged solution can be obtained with a small number of control points and further, leading edge suction force can be calculated directly. In the present paper, a numerical method to estimate propeller open-water characteristics based on the Quasi - Vortex - Lattice Method is reviewed and its application to marine propellers is described in detail. Comparison of propeller open-water characteristics obtained by the present method with experimental data showed good agreement for a wide variety of propellers including highly skewed propellers.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.615-632
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• 2001

Ductility of open piled wharves under reversed cyclic loads has been investigated. Experimental testing of five wharf models having a scale of about 1:4 was conducted under the application of horizontal reversed cyclic loading. The experiments were designed to focus on the horizontal ultimate load, ductility and failure mode of the considered wharf models. Nonlinear numerical analyses using the finite element method were also performed on numerical models representing the experimentally tested wharves. The results of the experimental tests showed that open piled wharves possessed favourable ductile behaviour and that their load bearing capacity did not depreciate until a ductility factor of 3 to 4 was reached. The numerical analysis showed that the relative rotation that took place at the joints between the steel piles and the R.C. beam was responsible for a considerable portion of the total horizontal deformation of the wharves. Therefore, it was concluded that introducing the joint stiffness in calculating the deformations of open piled wharves was important to achieve reasonable accuracy.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.487-498
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• 2023

Purpose: Reduced port surgery (RPS) for gastric cancer has been frequently reported in distal gastrectomies but rarely in total gastrectomies. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of 3-port totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) with overlapping esophagojejunal (EJ) anastomosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 81 patients who underwent curative TLTG for gastric cancer (36 and 45 patients with 3-port and 5-port TLTG, respectively) were evaluated. All 3-port TLTG procedures were performed with the same method as 5-port TLTG, including EJ anastomosis with the intracorporeal overlap method using a linear stapler, except for the number of ports and assistants. Short-term outcomes, including the number of lymph nodes (LNs) harvested by station and postoperative complications, were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Clinical characteristics were not significantly different among the groups, except that the 3-port TLTG group was younger and had a lower rate of pulmonary comorbidity. There were no cases of open conversion or additional port placement. All operative details and the number of harvested LNs did not differ between the groups, but the rate of suprapancreatic LN harvest was higher in the 3-port TLTG group. No significant differences were observed in the overall complication rates between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Three-port TLTG with overlapping EJ anastomoses using a linear stapler is a feasible RPS procedure for total gastrectomy to treat gastric cancer.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2009

본 실험 연구는 공기분사공법의 오픈케이슨기초의 주면마찰력 저감효과에 대해 규명하기 위해 이루어졌다. 연육교 건설을 위해 기초로 사용된 공기구멍이 설치된 대구경 케이슨이 본 연구를 위해 이용되었다. 공기분사공법을 사용 시, 침하 시간을 줄일 수 있었으며 일반전인 방법으로 도달할 수 없는 깊이까지 침하를 시킬 수 있었다. 또한, 예상했던 것 보다 두 배 이상의 주면마찰저항력 저항 저감 효과를 얻었으며, 이런 장점 외 추가적인 외부의 재하하중 없이도 케이슨을 침하시킬 수 있음을 보여주었다. 그 외 오픈케이슨 침설 시 발파에 의한 케이슨 손상을 공기분사공법을 이용하면 방지할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.20-42
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 2013년 개장(1-1단계 완공 예정)하게 될 인천신항의 동북아시아 지역 내에서 환적기능을 가지는 항만으로 성장가능성을 확인해 보는 것을 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 연구 방법론은 신제품 도입 시 미래의 경쟁시장 및 경쟁상황을 예측하려고 할때 자주 사용되는 컨조인트 분석을 사용하여, 미주-북중국간, 유럽-북중국간 항로 운항시 주요 환적기지로 인천신항과 비교대상 항만들 간의 환적서비스 경쟁력을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 분석 결과 인천신항은 향후 국외 경쟁항만과의 환적물동량 유치를 위한 경쟁에서는 부산항과 상해항의 해상환적비용, 항만비용에 따라 유동적인 포지셔닝을 가짐을 확인 할 수 있다. 국내 경쟁항만간 환적물동량을 유치하기 위해서는 인천신항을 하드웨어와 소프트웨어 측면의 첨단자동화 항만으로 건설하고, 프로세스의 효율성을 높여 환적작업 시 체선율을 감소시켜 국내 타 경쟁항만 대비 환적서비스 경쟁력을 높여야 한다. 반면에 국외 경쟁항만간 환적항만으로서의 경쟁력 우위를 선점하기 위해서는 해상환적비용을 타 항만 대비 저렴한 수준을 유지하며, 효율적인 환적네트워크 뿐만 아니라 항만 인근 풍부한 배후단지를 통해 물동량 확보 및 접근이 용이하여 고객 수요를 충족 시켜줄 수 있는 환적 허브항만을 목표로 발전해야 할 것이다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.149-161
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• 2018

항만수변도시 재생계획에 스마트 성장원칙을 적용하기 위해 도시계획요소와 성장원칙에 대한 연관성을 분석한 결과 적용 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연관성 분석에서 도출된 스마트 성장원칙을 제주시 탑동 재생계획에 적용할 수 있는 디자인 가이드라인 요소는 ⯈ 걷기에 적합한 커뮤니티 조성, ⯈ 확실한 장소성을 가진 차별화되고 매력적인 커뮤니티 조성, ⯈ 오픈스페이스, 바닷가, 아름다운 자연경관, 환경적으로 중요한 지역보존, ⯈ 기존커뮤니티를 위한 개발 강화와 유도, ⯈ 교통수단선택의 다양성 제공 등이다. 이를 기반으로 제주항 재개발계획에는 ⯈ 복합적 토지 이용 ⯈ 고밀설계방식의 이점활용, ⯈ 다양한 주거기회와 선택권 제공 등을 실시 설계 시 적용할 것을 제안하였으며 통합적인 항만수변도시 재생계획 시 스마트 성장원칙을 적용할 필요성이 높은 것으로 조사되었다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.132-141
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• 2021

Purpose: Intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy during reduced-port gastrectomy for proximal gastric cancer is a technically challenging technique. No study has yet reported a robotic technique for anastomosis. Therefore, to address this gap, we describe our reduced-port technique and the short-term outcomes of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent a totally robotic reduced-port total or proximal gastrectomy between August 2016 and March 2020. We used an infra-umbilical Single-Site^® port with two additional ports on both sides of the abdomen. To transect the esophagus, a 45-mm endolinear stapler was inserted via the right abdominal port. The common channel of the esophagojejunostomy was created between the apertures in the esophagus and proximal jejunum using a 45-mm linear stapler. The entry hole was closed with a 45-mm linear stapler or robot-sewn continuous suture. All anastomoses were performed without the aid of an assistant or placement of stay sutures. Results: Among the 40 patients, there were no conversions to open, laparoscopic, or conventional 5-port robotic surgery. The median operation time and blood loss were 254 min and 50 mL, respectively. The median number of retrieved lymph nodes was 40.5. The median time to first flatus, soft diet intake, and length of hospital stay were 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively. Three (7.5%) major complications, including two anastomosis-related complications and a case of small bowel obstruction, were treated with an endoscopic procedure and re-operation, respectively. No mortality occurred during the study period. Conclusions: Intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy during reduced-port gastrectomy can be safely performed and is feasible with acceptable surgical outcomes.