• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.131-146
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the locational characteristics of cafes in Jeju Island and the changes. For the purpose, we identify the spatial distribution patterns of openings and closings by period from the first opening of cafes in Jeju Island to the present. In particular, we analyze the spatial distribution characteristics found in the locations of cafes that have been opened and closed after the outbreak of COVID-19, in which new stores have significantly increased. In addition, we identify the regional attributes and the influence of online that have affected the distribution of currently open cafes and cafes that have opened or closed during the COVID-19 outbreak. As a result of empirical analysis, Jeju Island is a tourist destination and island region with the characteristics of determining major destinations through information search, showing a different distribution form from the location of cafes in inland cities. In particular, as a result of frequency analysis by extracting keyword search volume for cafes in Jeju Island, online accessibility such as information search for new areas and places in Jeju Island has become more diversified and expanded after COVID-19. In addition, as a result of calculating the distance to cafes by road size, the relationship between physical location and road accessibility, which has traditionally been an important factor, was relatively low. This study is meaningful in that it revealed the distribution patterns and characteristics of cafe locations in Jeju Island by reflecting the influence of online and offline.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.400-414
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• 2021

Under high-level radioactive waste repository conditions, bentonite as an engineered barrier material undergoes thermal, hydrological, mechanical, and chemical processes. We report the applications of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) imaging technique on the characterization and analysis of bentonite over the past decade to provide a reference of the utilization of this technique and the recent research trends. This overview of the X-ray CT technique applications includes the characterization of the bentonite either in pellets or powder form. X-ray imaging has provided a means to extract grain information at the microscale and identify crack networks responsible for the pellets' heterogeneity. Regarding samples of pellets-powder mixtures under hydration, X-ray CT allowed the identification and monitoring of heterogeneous zones throughout the test. Some results showed how zones with pellets only swell faster compared to others composed of pellets and powder. Moreover, the behavior of fissures between grains and bentonite matrix was observed to change under drying and hydrating conditions, tending to close during the former and open during the latter. The development of specializing software has allowed obtaining strain fields from a sequence of images. In more recent works, X-ray CT technique has served to estimate the dry density, water content, and particle displacement at different testing times. Also, when temperature was added to the hydration process of a sample, CT technology offered a way to observe localized and global density changes over time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.429-437
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• 2022

Recently, the demand for a QA (Question Answering) system for human-machine communication has increased. Among the QA systems, a closed domain QA system that can handle spatial-related questions is called GeoQA. In this study, a new type of graph database, LPG (Labeled Property Graph) was used to overcome the limitations of the RDF (Resource Description Framework) based database, which was mainly used in the GeoQA field. In addition, GraphQL (Graph Query Language), an API-type query language, is introduced to address the fact that the LPG query language is not standardized and the GeoQA system may depend on specific products. In this study, database was built so that answers could be retrieved when spatial-related questions were entered. Each data was obtained from the national spatial information portal and local data open service. The spatial relationships between each spatial objects were calculated in advance and stored in edge form. The user's questions were first converted to GraphQL through FOL (First Order Logic) format and delivered to the database through the GraphQL server. The LPG used in the experiment is Neo4j, the graph database that currently has the highest market share, and some of the built-in functions and QGIS were used for spatial calculations. As a result of building the system, it was confirmed that the user's question could be transformed, processed through the Apollo GraphQL server, and an appropriate answer could be obtained from the database.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2022

Purpose: The study aims to identify the theme list and priority criteria of patient safety theme reports in South Korea. Methods: The survey was conducted twice, and the importance of each criterion and theme was measured on a nine-point scale using the Delphi technique by a panel of 19 patient safety experts. The criteria included severity, universality, preventability, and organizational-social impact. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median, and interval quartile range were used to analyze the data. Results: The parameters were assigned a weighted average of 35% for severity, 20% for universality, 30% for preventability, and 15% for organizational-social impact, respectively. The final top three rankings were surgery safety, blood transfusion safety, and medication safety. In addition to expert opinion, for the theme that is selected based on the priority ranking, one to five sub-topics can be derived from the theme based on the priority ranking, societal demands, or the yearly priority list of patient safety incidents. Conclusion: It is recommended that the official patient safety center distribute the report in the form of a summary that can be utilized nationwide at medical institutions, government institutions, and other places. Updates, as well as accumulated theme reports, will serve as the baseline data for the proposal of the system and for the policy designed to implement and improve institutions' safety practices as a standard of domestic patient safety practice guidelines.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.234-242
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• 2022

The study aimed to investigate the split casting method based on the recreation of the iron-seated Buddha (ISB) statue (number 1971) in the Chuncheon Museum. The statue was designed using three-dimensional scan data and reduced to half-size. Using the existing research results, the ISB statue was created by mold production and split casting. The mold was prepared by mixing sand and clay at a ratio of 3:4 and 1:3 on the outside and inside, respectively, and then casting was done. Various casting defects were observed in the ISB casting and similar shapes were seen. The casting defects included veining or finning, misrun, open or external shrinkage, surface or subsurface blowholes, surface pinholes, and shift. The microstructures were identified as branch-shaped dendrite and pearlite organizations, and black graphite was observed between the cementite organizations. The study findings may be relevant in exploring traditional casting and manufacturing techniques of ISB and may aid in the production of the original form of ISB.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.541-563
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• 2022

This study aimed to elucidate the distribution of vascular plants in Namhansanseong (Gwangju-si, Gyeonggi-do), Korea. The results of 30 field surveys from June 2019 to June 2020 identified 568 total taxa, representing 513 species, 10 subspecies, 40 varieties, 3 forms, and 2 hybrids in 335 genera and 107 families. Among them, 17 taxa were endemic plants to Korea, and one taxon were endangered plant and three taxa were red list plants. The floristic target plants amounted to 63 taxa, specifically one taxon of grade V, seven taxa of grade IV, 12 taxa of grade III, 14 taxa of grade II, and 29 taxa of grade I. And 66 taxa were northern lineage plants. Alien plants were recorded a total of 61 taxa with a Naturalized Index of 10.7%, the Urbanization Index was calculated to be 9.8%. As the result of comparison with previous studies, in this study a total of 213 taxa were newly identified representing 187 species, three subspecies, 19 varieties, one form, and two hybrids in 161 genera and 66 families.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 2023

The issue to be discussed is set as the relationship between urban fragmentation and urban heat phenomena. The fragmentation is recognized as a negative form that commonly occurs in the process of urbanization. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between urbanization entropy and heat phenomenon by looking at the five major cities in Korea. The employed methods are InVEST Urban Cooling Model and MSPA (Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis) by using the meteological data for the July 2018. The major results are as follows; First, a low rank correlation(rho=-0.3) is found in the relation between entropy and Cooling Capacity Index (CCi). Second, a very high level of rank correlation is observed between entropy and Average Temperature(℃)(rho=0.9). The implications are that 1) a city with a large degree of sprawling development can have a negative effect on urban heat phenomena; 2) the composition of land use including dispersion and concentration in non-urbanized areas, which has the characteristics of open space, can affect the urban thermal environment. Due to the limited number of case studies, it is appropriate to understand that a possibility, not generalization, is observed between entropy and heat phenomena in urbanized areas.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-65
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• 2021

This study is an exploratory study to investigate the concept of student success recognized by college students. In order to listen to students' free thoughts, an open questionnaire was conducted using an online questionnaire and 99 responses were analyzed. The response results were analyzed using CQR-M (Consensual Qualitative Research-Modified). As a result of the analysis, 25 categories were derived from three domains. The frist domain, 'meaning of student success' recognized by college students is with 9 categories: 'academic achievement', 'job competency improvement', 'gaining diverse experiences', 'satisfactory employment', 'setting of desired career path', 'relationship-building ability improvement', 'setting and achievement of own goals', 'self-development', and 'satisfactory college life'. The second domain, 'college environmental factors for student success' is with 7 categories: 'career development support', 'job competency improvement system', 'support for participation in college life', 'opportunities to form human networks', 'learning capability enhancement system', 'expansion of economic support', and 'environment for student convenience'. The third domain, 'psychological factors necessary for student success' is with 9 categories: 'learning ability', 'self-efficacy', 'interpersonal competence', 'self-awareness and improvement', 'job competency', 'self-regulation ability', 'rich experience', 'career awareness', and 'self-esteem'. The frequency and results of each domain were analyzed and presented, the significance and limitations of the study were discussed, and suggestions for subsequent studies were made.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.4571-4584
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• 2022

The analysis of rapid flow transients in Reactor Coolant Pumps (RCP) is essential for a reactor safety study. An accurate and precise analysis of the RCP coastdown is necessary for the reactor design. The coastdown of RCP affects the coolant temperature and the colloidal crud in the primary coolant. A realistic and kinetic model has been used to investigate the behavior of activated colloidal crud in the primary coolant and steam generator that solves the pump speed analytically. The analytic solution of the non-dimensional flow rate has been determined by the energy ratio β. The kinetic energy of the coolant fluid and the kinetic energy stored in the rotating parts of a pump are two essential parameters in the form of β. Under normal operation, the pump's speed and moment of inertia are constant. However, in a coastdown situation, kinetic damping in the interval has been implemented. A dynamic model ACCP-SMART has been developed for System Integrated Modular and Advanced Reactor (SMART) to investigate the corrosion due to activated colloidal crud. The Fickian diffusion model has been implemented as the reference corrosion model for the constituent component of the primary loop of the SMART reactor. The activated colloidal crud activity in the primary coolant and steam generator of the SMART reactor has been studied for different equilibrium corrosion rates, linear increase in corrosion rate, and dynamic RCP coastdown situation energy ratio b. The coolant specific activity of SMART reactor equilibrium corrosion (4.0 mg s^-1) has been found 9.63×10^-3 µCi cm^-3, 3.53×10^-3 µC cm^-3, 2.39×10^-2 µC cm^-3, 8.10×10^-3 µC cm^-3, 6.77× 10^-3 µC cm^-3, 4.95×10^-4 µC cm^-3, 1.19×10^-3 µC cm^-3, and 7.87×10^-4 µC cm^-3 for ²⁴Na, ⁵⁴Mn, ⁵⁶Mn, ⁵⁹Fe, ⁵⁸Co, ⁶⁰Co, ⁹⁹Mo, and ⁵¹Cr which are 14.95%, 5.48%, 37.08%, 12.57%, 10.51%, 0.77%, 18.50%, and 0.12% respectively. For linear and exponential coastdown with a constant corrosion rate, the total coolant and steam generator activity approaches a higher saturation value than the normal values. The coolant and steam generator activity changes considerably with kinetic corrosion rate, equilibrium corrosion, growth of corrosion rate (ΔC/Δt), and RCP coastdown situations. The effect of the RCP coastdown on the specific activity of the steam generators is smeared by linearly rising corrosion rates, equilibrium corrosion, and rapid coasting down of the RCP. However, the time taken to reach the saturation activity is also influenced by the slope of corrosion rate, coastdown situation, equilibrium corrosion rate, and energy ratio β.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.139-152
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• 2023

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the migration of young people to local areas. These young people are discovering and reinterpreting local resources to open local businesses while generating new value in local activities and businesses. This study was initiated with the recognition that fundamental solutions are needed for these young people to settle and sustain residence in the local area. Edward Relph stated that 'place' is a fundamental attribute that influences human existence in the world and is the source of stability and identity formation for individuals. This is deeply related to the psychology of young people who have migrated to local areas. These young people accept the unfamiliar 'space' as a 'place' to form stability and personal identity. Therefore, this study utilized PhotoVoice methodology to examine the process and key factors of place identity formation among migrant youths. As a result, the study identified factors that enable young people to settle in local areas and sustain residence while recognizing elements the local government should focus on to support and address the influx of young people. The results of this study can serve as a foundation for addressing the declining population in local areas through the formation of a relationship population and spur the inflow of young people to local cities in the future.