• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.59-78
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to clarify the value orientation about family life between the older generations and college student. For this purpose, questionnaire were distributed to the older generations and college students in Seoul. Among them 920 data were obtained To obtain the family value scale, item analysis through pearson's correlation and factor analysis were used in pretest, frequency distribution, percentile, mean , t-test , and step-wise multiple were used for data analysis. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Male college students show traditional tendency and female college students show modern tendency especially sex-role attitude, ancestor worship attitude, patriarchy attitude. 2) Male and female of the older generations how traditional tendency. 3) The older generations show traditional tendency, college students show modern tendency, especially sex-role attitude and kinship attitude. 4) Male adults and male college students show traditional tendency. 5) Female adults show traditional tendency , female college students show modern tendency. In female, generation gap is more serious than males. 6) the most influencial socio-demographic variables on family value consciousness of the older generations are the religion and education, In case of college students, sex, major, religion, family income grown-up area effect on their value consciousness about family life, Based on the above findings , we should develop school education and many social programs to reduce the generation gap.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.89-102
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• 1990

The research is a comparative study of death attitudes between male and female elderly people. There is no doubt as to the inevitability of death. And yet, there is a vast conspiracy involved in the word of dead or death. The aged are considered to be nearer death than are people in other age groups. Kalish(1976) emphasized that for the aged two meanings of death have significance for evaluating their life ; first, that older people are known to have a limited life time and face death ; second that older people are known to have suffered many death-imposed losses that are often associated with the dying process. In considering these implications, the level of anxiety regarding death and dying is a crucial factor in determining mental health. In the study, 152 male elderly and 145 female elderly residing in Seoul, Korea was compared on the four dimensions of death anxiety and assigned personal variables. Therefore, the purpose the research was (1) to examine the characteristics of subjects on the independent variables(age, marital status, family relationship, social activities, religiousity etc.) ; (2) to examine the relationship between the independent variables and each dimension of death axniety ; (3) to determine the proportion of variance in the respective of death anxiety which is accounted for by the respective independent variables ; (4) to examine whether a significant difference between the respective independent variables and each dimension of death anxiety has ; (5) to determine the combination of variables which is the most successful in explaining the variance in death anxiety. Finding from this study support the following conclusions; 1. There was a significant differences between the male and female subjects in the level of death anxiety. In turn, the male older adults had lower death anxiety than did the female elderly. This implies that male tend to look forward to death rather than deny it. 2. As there was evidences from several studies, this research found that fear of death decreases as age increases. 3. The following two variables that correlate best with dying anxiety of others in both male and female older adults : 'marriage life', 'social interaction'. 4. The variables 'age' and 'children' for both female and male elderly accounted for the most variance in death anxiety of self. The findings of the study lend this investigator several suggestions, implications and recommendations for future research. There can be no death without life, and conversely, no life without death. Psychologists and health-related professionals may be learn as much about death as they can in order to develop more healthy attitudes and in order to be able to better aid and comfort dying people and their familities. Perhaps most importantly, professionals may be help those who are not faced with death at present to develop an understanding of it and healthy attitudes toward it. The programs of death education are needed for dedication to the evitability of death and the preparation of life for the older adults. More seminars, symposiums and research on death attitudes are needed. Finally, study for female older adults has been negelected topic in the areas of women's study and health education. Future study, for female elderly, have to deeply investigate where those problems come from and how to cope with in order to the female elderly segment can live the rest of their lives in satisfaction with well-being.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2024

본 연구는 우리사회에서 가장 취약한 집단이라고 할 수 있는 여성 독거노인을 대상으로 이들의 우울이 시간의 흐름에 따라 어떠한 변화패턴을 갖는지 그리고 이러한 우울에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇인지를 규명하기 위한 종단연구이다. 동시에 본 연구에서는 동일한 노인일지라도 연령에 따른 차이가 크다는 점을 고려하여 여성 독거노인을 전기(the young-old)와 후기노인(the old-old)으로 구분하여 각 집단의 우울에 영향을 미치는 예측요인이 서로 어떠한 차이가 발생하는지를 확인하였다. 주요 분석결과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여성 독거노인의 우울은 시간이 지나면서 감소하는 패턴을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 조건적 모형에서 여성 독거노인의 우울궤적의 초기수준에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보면 그 외 도시보다는 대도시 지역에 사는 노인이, 주관적 건강상태가 좋을수록, 운동을 하지 않는 노인이 초기 우울값이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 여성 독거노인의 우울의 변화율(기울기)에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴본 결과, 연령이 높을수록, 대도시에 사는 노인이, 주관적 건강상태가 좋을수록, 친교활동이 적을수록, 사회활동을 많이 할수록 우울수준이 큰 폭으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 여성 독거노인의 우울의 초기값과 기울기에 영향을 미치는 경로에 전기노인과 후기노인 사이에 일부 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적인 내용을 살펴보면, 후기노인의 경우 초기에 사회활동 참여정도가 높을수록 우울의 변화폭은 커지는 반면 전기노인은 유의미한 영향관계가 없었다. 전기노인이 후기노인 보다 초기 주관적 건강상태가 양호할수록 우울의 변화폭이 컸다. 후기노인에게서만 초기에 주기적으로 운동을 하는 노인이 그렇지 않은 노인에 비해 초기 우울값이 높았다. 이상의 분석결과를 바탕으로 여성 독거노인의 우울을 감소시키기 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제29권
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• pp.391-411
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• 2012

Request expressions can be defined as expressions that demand or ask the other person to do certain movements. There are direct request expressions that ask the other person to do certain movements directly and indirect request expressions that ask the other person to do certain movements by describing the speaker's condition. The study analyzed gender and hierarchy of speakers and listeners who used 'tekure' and 'tekudasai' in dialog examples of the Meiji Period and the Taisho Period. In those periods, the modern Tokyo dialect was formed and established. "Toseishoseikatagi"in Meiji 10s,"Ukigumo""Natsukodachi""Tajotakon"in Meiji 20s,"Hakai""Botchan"in Meiji 30s,"Huton""Inakakyoshi" in Meiji 40s and "Aruonna"in the Taisho Period were analyzed for the study. 'kure' was used more by male speakers than female speakers. Examples by female speakers were shown on the novels after Meji 30s. In case of male speakers, they often used it to listeners with an equitable relationship at "Toseishoseikatagi"in Meiji 10s but they often used it to younger listeners at "Hakai"in Meiji 30s. 'okure' was used more by female speakers than male speakers. Listeners were varied from older ones to younger ones. In case of female speakers, 'okure' was used more often at "Aruonna"in the Taisho Period than the other novels. In case of male speakers, 'okure' was used only at "Ukigumo""Natsukodachi"and "Hakai". 'Okurenasai' was used outstandingly by female speakers on the form of 'okun_'. In case of 'kudasai', female speakers used it more than male speakers at "Toseishoseikatagi" and "Aruonna"but male speakers used it more than female speakers at "Tajotakon"and "Hakai". Listeners were varied from older ones to younger ones. 'o~kudasai' was not shown until Meiji 20s but shown after Meiji 30s among the analyzed novels. According to gender, it was used a little bit more often by female speakers than male speakers. According to hierarchy, listeners were usually older than speakers. 'o~nasatekudasai' was used more often by male speakers than female speakers. Listeners were also usually older than speakers.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.139-160
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• 2017

Despite widespread awareness of the importance of a middle-aging and older consumer market, it is surprising that very little research has been conducted on their in-home shopping behavior. Therefore, this study focused on middle-aging and older female television home shoppers and examined the effects of persuasive mentions of the show host and parasocial interaction on social involvement, perceived loneliness, mood, perceived risk and unplanned buying tendency. A total of 109 middleaged and older female television shoppers responded. Results of path analysis revealed that persuasive mentions did not influence parasocial interaction. However, as middle-aging and older consumers more para-socially interacted with the host, they were likely to use television shopping for alleviating loneliness. Practical and theoretical implications were discussed.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.103-117
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to identify dimensions of salesperson´s effort according to older female(55+) customer's and fashion store salesperson's perspective and to examine what kind of effort dimensions are assessed to be more important than others. As a method, both literature review and empirical research were made. This study was performed in three stage from December in 2001 to May in 2002. For exploratory step. In-depth interview and observation study were done for gathering responses related to salesperson´s effort. in pilot study, 83 older female customers were surveyed and the data was analyzed in order to develop questionnaire. In the main research. 202 older female customers and 103 fashion store salespersons were surveyed in order to identify the dimensions of salesperson's effort. Statistical analyses were performed with SAS program using factor analysis. cronbach´a mean, t-test. paired t-test and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows. First, 5 factors was selected for the dimensions of salesperson´s effort in customer´s perception; friendliness, attentiveness. product competence. effective access and special treatment. Second, 5 factors was selected for the dimensions of salesperson's effort in salesperson´s performance; friendliness/ attentiveness. product competence. effective access. communication, and purchase exaction. Third. dimensions of salesperson's effort were different according to customer and salesperson's characteristics. Last, there were significant differences in the salesperson's efforts between customers´perception and salespersons´Performance.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.675-684
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• 2003

The purposes of this study was to identify the dimensions of salesperson's effort and to examine the effect of salesperson's effort on relationship quality and customer intent to relationship continuity of middle upper class older female customers. The subjects used for the study were 202 middle upper class older female customers over 55 years living in Seoul. Factor analysis, paired t-test, multiple regression analysis and path analysis were used for statistics analysis. The results of this study were as follows. First, 5 factors were identified for the dimensions of salesperson's effort in older female customer's perception: attentiveness/product competence/effective access/friendliness/ special treatment. The salesperson's effort perceived most importantly was friendliness. Second, the salesperson's effort perceived by customer had direct and indirect effects on customer intent to relationship continuity; indirect effect mediated by relationship quality was larger than the direct one. Relationship quality was proved to have a crucial role in customer intent to relationship continuity. The influences of dimensions of salesperson's effort were also investigated. The effective access affected considerably on customer intent to relationship continuity.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the effectiveness of an active lifestyle on the HRV and fitness of the older female adults. METHODS: Eighty female older adults (72.68±3.78 years) were sampled from a senior wellness institute. Accelerometers were distributed to each participant to have the device attached to them for one week, and the physical activity data (Energy expenditure in Kcal) of each participant were analyzed. Participants were divided into 3 groups (<1,000 Kcal vs 1,000 to 1,500 Kcal vs ≥1,500 Kcal) based on the amount of weekly physical activity. Before and after data analysis, the HRV was measured at resting state and the Senior Fitness Test was performed. RESULTS: One way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the HRV between the three groups. Group A (≥ 1,500 Kcal) was superior in HF and HF/HF + LF whereas Group C (<1,000 Kcal) showed high level of LF, LF/HF, and LF/HF+LF. The same statistics revealed significant differences in fitness. Most of the fitness variables were superior in Group A and B compared to Group C. Significant correlations were observed between physical activity and both HRV and in fitness. CONCLUSION: Theses results suggest that an active lifestyle may be an effective intervention for the prevention of both cardiometabolic disorder and improvement of the fitness level in older female adults.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2001

Purpose of this study was to investigate the health status and life style of middle-aged people in Daejon. The subjects expressed more fear for disease as getting older(p<0.01). Sixty six percent of the subjects have suffered in the past or suffer at present certain kinds of disease. The older they are, the more disease they have. The alimentary disease, neuralgia, and arthritis were the most popular disease. The eye strain and exhaustion of body were indicated more frequently in fifties than in thirties or forties(p<0.01). They considered excercise as the most important factor to maintain health status, and then moderation in diet, relaxation, rest, decrease of alcohol intake, no smoking. Forty three percent of them were non-drinker. The number of drinker was four times more in male than female and increased as getting younger(p<0.01). Only male revealed smoker and 29% of them smoked 10-20 cigarettes per day. The number of smoker decreased as getting older(p<0.01). Male played exercise more regularly than female and subjects have better exercise habit as getting older(p<0.01). This study suggests that practical programs for self-health control should be developed for playing exercise regularly for female and for considering nutrition, no smoking, and no drinking in the daily life for male.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2015

Objectives: We tried to confirm physical activity of 1,000 Kcal per week was a meaningful point in controlling coronary artery disease risks in female older adults. Methods: Participants were 66 female older adults recruited from senior welfare center. Participants were provided with accelerometer (e-step, Kenz, Japan) for measuring daily energy expenditure. Graded exercise test was done for measuring aerobic fitness. Blood glucose and lipid were analyzed. Framingham risk score was calculated based on blood glucose, blood lipid, and smoking. These variables were compared between the group expended more than 1,000 Kcal/week and the group with energy expenditure below 1,000 Kcal/week. Results: The group expended over 1,000kcal/week showed to be superior to the counterpart group in following variables; AC(Abdominal Circumference), %BF, $HR_{rest}$(resting heart rate), $VO_{2peak}$, FBG, LDL-C, TG, BDI-II, QOL, AR(Absolute Risk), RR(Relative Risk). Conclusions: The group expended over 1,000 Kcal/week was likely to have less probability in CAD than group expended less than 1,000 Kcal/week. The result of this study suggests the important role of active daily life that can be replaced with that of regular exercise especially for those who are not available to do structured exercise.