• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2003

This paper studied the present condition of social welfare activities of Living Condition Improving Committee of Kimpo City in order to activate the social welfare services of women agricultural organizations. The main results are as follows; First, the general characteristics of the respondents in this study are forty or fifty years of age with above high school education with main income source of agriculture and middle class women living in agricultural communities more than 10 years. Second, considering the present and future planned activities of the Living Condition Improving Committee of Kimpo City this study finds that there is high expectation of helping poor people and joining voluntary services. Third, the members of the Living Condition Improving Committee of Kimpo City have actively participated in the local welfare service programs however, there is significant difference among people according to the age, living standard and joining period. Fourth, out of social welfare activities managed by the Living Condition Improving Committee of Kimpo City the welfare service activities for old people and local community are most active and the participants in the welfare service activities for women and the youngsters are small. Thus, according to this study the Living Condition Improving Committee of Kimpo City should consider the following three points in order to activate the social welfare service activities; First, as the members are expecting to expand the individual activities and to enhance the private improvement, the social welfare service activities should meet with the demands to improve self satisfaction of the participants. Second, new programs should be developed after reviewing the current programs in order to meet with the need of the members. Third, as the committee has not established a network system with government administrative organizations and relating institutions, and as its activities are concentrated in particular areas the committee should establish a new system to provide more efficient services in line with the cooperation with public organization and welfare resource suppliers.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.128-139
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• 2023

Urban forests serve multiple purposes by providing green resting spaces and environmental benefits for city residents. In the old city center, where parks are scarce, the campus of Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea, serves as an urban forest for students, faculty, and citizens. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the environmental functions of green spaces on campus, raising awareness about their importance among campus members. The total carbon storage of campus trees was estimated at 1,653,218 kg, including 1,512,586 kg in forest areas, 131,061 kg in planting spaces around buildings, and 9,571 kg in street spaces. The annual carbon uptake of campus trees was estimated to be 39,391 kg/year, with 30,144 kg/year in forest areas, 8,017 kg/year in planting spaces around buildings, and 1,230 kg/year in horizontal spaces. In addition, annual oxygen production was estimated to be 105,044 kg/year, with 80,385 kg/year in forest areas, 21,378 kg/year in planting spaces around buildings, and 3,281 kg/year in street spaces. Furthermore, we estimated carbon emissions from the use of on-campus facilities to be 4,856,182 kg/year, while oxygen consumption by members was estimated at 53,975 kg/year. However, the campus trees supplied a sufficient amount of oxygen, which was twice the amount required by school members. The carbon uptake amount was approximately 1% of the amount of carbon emissions, resulting in a modest contribution to improving the environmental conditions of the site.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2023

This paper proposes a novel frame element on Winkler-Pasternak foundation for analysis of a non-ductile reinforced concrete (RC) member resting on foundation. These structural members represent flexural-shear critical members, which are commonly found in existing buildings designed and constructed with the old seismic design standards (inadequately detailed transverse reinforcement). As a result, these structures always experience shear failure or flexure-shear failure under seismic loading. To predict the characteristics of these non-ductile structures, efficient numerical models are required. Therefore, the novel frame element on Winkler-Pasternak foundation with inclusion of the shear-flexure interaction effect is developed in this study. The proposed model is derived within the framework of a displacement-based formulation and fiber section model under Timoshenko beam theory. Uniaxial nonlinear material constitutive models are employed to represent the characteristics of non-ductile RC frame and the underlying foundation. The shear-flexure interaction effect is expressed within the shear constitutive model based on the UCSD shear-strength model as demonstrated in this paper. From several features of the presented model, the proposed model is simple but able to capture several salient characteristics of the non-ductile RC frame resting on foundation, such as failure behavior, soil-structure interaction, and shear-flexure interaction. This confirms through two numerical simulations.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to report the current trends in the management of diabetic foot over the last few decades through a survey of the Korean Foot and Ankle Society (KFAS) members. Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire containing 40 questions was sent to all KFAS members in September 2021. The questions were mainly related to the demographics of patients with diabetic foot, diagnostic tools, and multidisciplinary treatment. Answers with a prevalence of ≥50% of respondents were considered a tendency. Results: Seventy-eight of the 550 members (14.2%) responded to the survey. The most common demographic factors of diabetic foot patients were male dominance with a high percentage in the 60- to 70-year-old. Although the need for multidisciplinary treatment is highly recognized in the treatment of diabetic foot patients, the actual implementation rate is about 39%. The contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (88.5%) was reported to be the most used tool for the diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the diabetic foot. It was reported that the use of antibiotics was started empirically and then changed based on bacterial culture tests in 82.1% of patients. Simple wound dressing and antibiotic treatment were most frequently reported for mild ulcers. Conclusion: This study provides updated information on the current trends in the management of a diabetic foot in Korea. Both consensus and variations in the approach to patients with diabetic foot were identified by this survey study. Further efforts are required for better access to a multidisciplinary approach, such as appropriate insurance payment policies and patient education.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.114-127
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• 1999

In order to care the persons who are dying a nurse should first solve her / his own conflicts about death. and be aware of their own concepts of death and dying. In order to find out patient's spiritual needs and to give better spiritual nursing care. a nurse should know her / his own spiritual needs and be aware of their own concepts of spiritual nursing problems. To improve nurse's understanding towards death and dying and nurse's knowledge towards spiritual needs and spiritual nursing care. 14 weeks(two hours a week) spiritual nursing care education was given to 3th grade baccalaureate nursing college student. Before and after spiritual nursing care education. 30 items of prepared questionare focused on the attitudes toward death and dying was asked. Pre and post results are as follow ; 1. The dying patient's emotional and physical needs. There was no significant difference between pre and post educated groups. Both of the situations. they agreed upon$(69.64\%)$ that the dying patients have high emotional and physical needs to solve. 2. Telling the truth of dying process. There was no significant difference between pre educated group$(53.33\%)$ and post educated group$(55.95\%)$. 3. Attitudes of medical personnels. There was no significant difference between pre$(51.49\%)$ and post educated groups $(53.87\%)$. These responses indicate that nursing college student didn't have enough experiences on dying patients care. 4. General attitudes on death and dying. Number of nursing students who were thinking positively toward death and dying were Increased (pre $39.68\%$. post $45.44\%$) and who were thinking negatively toward death and dying were also decreased (pre $37.30\%$. post $33.93\%$). 5. Attitudes toward mechanical assistance for life-expanding of helpless patient. There was a significant difference between pre and post educated groups. About $34.13\%$ of them approved upon mechanical assistance for life and about $33.14\%$ of them disapproved. 6. Attitudes of family members of dying patient. There was no significant difference between pre and post educated groups. About $45.24\%$ of both groups, agreed upon that the family members feel annoyed with dying patients and about $22.42\%$ of both groups disagreed. Whether they received the spiritual nursing education or not, they were aware of that the family members feel annoyed with dying patients. 7. Special facility and educational preparation for dying patient. There was a significant difference between pre$(82.14\%)$ and post$(90.87\%)$ educated groups. These responses indicated that after they received the education, they felt more about the necessity of special facility and educational preparation for the death and dying patients. 8. Special facility and welfare system for the old. There was a significant difference between pre$(58.33\%)$ and post$70.64\%$ educated groups. There responses indicated that after they received the education, they felt more about the necessity of special facility and welfare systems for the old.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 음성의 청지각적 평가도구(GRBAS)와 음성관련 삶의 질(K-VRQOL) 척도를 통해 합창활동에 참여하는 여성 노인의 음성 특성과 음성관련 삶의 질을 비교하는 것이다. 연구 대상은 서울 및 부산 소재의 합창단에서 활동 중인 만 60세 이상의 여성 노인으로 총 77명이었다. 합창단은 참여 유형에 따라 합창단(Regular choir)과 찬양단(Church choir) 두 개의 집단으로 분류하였다. 청지각적 음성평가는 /a/ 모음을 발성하는 음성을 듣고 전문가가 청지각적 평가(GRBAS) 척도를 사용하여 평정하였다. 연구 결과, 합창활동 참여 유형에 따라 집단 간 차이를 비교했을 때 찬양단에서 활동하는 여성 노인에 비해 합창단에서 활동하는 여성 노인의 경우 주관적 음성 인식 수준에서 대화 시 음성 사용 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 음성관련 삶의 질(K-VRQOL) 척도의 신체 기능 영역에 해당하는 문항에서 만족도가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 합창활동이 노년기 음성기능의 개선뿐 아니라 음성사용의 주관적 인식 수준을 향상시키는데 긍정적인 결과를 기대할 수 있을 것이라는 점을 확인하였으며, 노인 음성개선을 위한 체계적인 음악 중재 프로그램의 필요성을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.323-334
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• 2011

본 연구는 노년기 사회적 배제의 실태를 파악하고, 사회적 배제 예측요인을 파악하는데 연구 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 한국노동연구원 2008년도 고령화연구패널(KLoSA) 2차 data 중 65세 이상 노인 4,040명을 대상으로, 노년기 사회적 배제에 관하여 살펴보았다. 첫째, 경제적 배제를 경험하는 노인이 45.4%, 근로배 제 78.7%, 주거배제 17.8%, 건강배제 43.8%, 교육배제 33.7%, 사회활동 배제 34.3%로 근로배제가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 경제적 배제의 경우 노인의 연령이 많을수록, 도시에 거주하지 않는 경우, 가구원수가 적을수록, 손자녀를 돌볼 경우 경제적으로 배제될 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 근로 배제는 노인이 여성인 경우, 연령이 많을수록, 종교가 기독교인 경우, 배우자가 없는 경우, 도시에 거주하는 경우, 빈곤가구일 경우, 아파트에 거주할 경우, 가구원수가 많을수록 근로에서 배제될 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 주거 배제의 경우, 노인의 배우자가 없는 경우, 도시에 거주하는 경우, 빈곤가구일 경우, 일반주택에 거주할 경우, 생존자녀수가 적을수록 주거에서 배제될 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 교육 배제의 경우, 노인이 여성인 경우, 연령이 많은 경우, 기독교가 아닌 경우, 배우자가 없는 경우, 도시에 거주하지 않는 경우, 빈곤가구일 경우, 생존자녀수가 많을 경우 교육에서 배제될 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 건강 배제의 경우, 노인이 여성인 경우에, 연령이 많을수록, 빈곤가구일 경우 건강에서 배제될 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 사회활동 배제의 경우, 노인이 여성일 경우, 연령이 많을수록, 기독교가 아닌 경우, 빈곤가구일 경우, 아파트에 거주하는 경우 사회활동에서 배제될 가능성이 컸다. 본 연구결과는 우리나라 노인의 노년기 사회적 배제의 기초적인 연구로 가치가 있다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.58-82
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• 1998

본고는 노동시장 현황에 기초하여 고령자 임금노동시장 분석틀을 제시한다. 그리고 그것이 정책차원에서 시사하는 바를 고령자 노동수요를 진작하는 정책, 노동공급자인 고령자의 의중임금을 낮출 수 있는 기반환경 조성, 그리고 임금노동 시장에서 노동공급을 줄일 수 있는 정책으로 나누어 검토한다. 제반 조세, 사회보험, 퇴직금 등에 적용되는 임금기준을 단순화하기 위한 관련 법령 정비, 제조업 위주로 되어 있는 유인제도들의 서비스업 고령자 고용으로의 확대, 퇴직 고령자를 옛 직장에서 계약직으로 재고용할 때 채용장려금이나 세제상의 유인 부여, 생애숙련형성 과정에서 전문성 강화를 위한 직업능력인증제도 확립 등은 고령자 노동수요를 진작하는 정부차원의 정책 이니셔티브가 될 것이다. 고령자의 의중임금을 낮추기 위해서는 적절한 사회보장제도의 확충과 함께 주택가격의 안정화와 장기안정형 주택상품의 보급, 학자금 장기저리 융자제도, 혼수문화의 정비, 지역탁아시설의 확충 등이 요구된다. 창업지원, 자원봉사, 노후생활설계 원조, 시민운동 및 봉사활동 참여시의 명예심 고양 등으로 비임금노동자 시장이나 비경제활동에서 고령기의 활로를 모색할 수 있도록 유인하는 정책 사고도 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2007

구 조선총독부 청사의 기초 말뚝으로 사용된 원주는 1916년 건물 기초를 다지기 위해 사용되었던 것으로 1996년 청사의 철거와 함께 건축 당시 사용되었던 만여 개 중 백여 개가 발굴되었다. 이 말뚝은 문서 및 수종 식별결과 잎갈나무(Larix gmelini var. principis-ruprechtii Pilger)로 확인되었으며 현재 남한에서는 축적량이 매우 적은 수종으로 청사 건립 당시 백두산 압록강변에서 벌채한 것으로 기록되어 있다. 발굴된 잎갈나무 말뚝에 대해서 만재율 분포와 강도 특성을 알아보기 위해 주사(scanning)에 의한 횡방향 만재율 분포와 압축, 전단, 휨, 인장 시험을 행하여 그 강도 성능을 검토하였다. 만재율은 수로부터 수피 방향으로 연륜의 증가에 따라 증가하다가 약 25연륜 이후에는 40% 정도로 안정적인 경향을 나타냈다. 그러나 현미경에 의한 관찰에서는 심재부, 심변재 경계부, 변재부로 수령이 증가되면서 만재율은 감소하였다. 종압축강도는 높게 나타났으나 휨강도는 오히려 다소 낮게 나타나 고부재의 경우처럼 열화, 손상 등에 의한 강도적 감소는 압축형 시험보다 인장형 시험에서 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 전단강도와 인장강도에 있어서는 접선단면 시험편의 변이계수가 높게 나타나 안정적인 강도 성능 비교를 위해서는 방사단면 시험편에 의한 강도 값이 채택되어야 할 것으로 검토되었다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.13-29
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• 1995

The purposes of this study are to investigate the characteristics of recognitions and attitudes of new generation family on the family life, and to help the family members of the new generation family to be able to adapt to the future family and society with the right senses and attitudes on the family life. Three-hundred married men and women who were less than 35 years old, and who continued marriage for less than five years were selected. The results of this study were as follow; 1) Types of family composition was mostly nuclear family, and got help from their parents in managing household work. 2) Most new generation family was more likely to share equal roles and rights in household affairs, decision making and ownership of real properties. 3) Most new generation family considered the personality and the sense of value as the most important conditions which their spouse must have. And they were affirmative to wives' employment. 4) Most new generation family wanted 2 children. And preferred showed that they did not care much about son preference. 5) Most new generation family showed strong sense of responsibility for taking care of their old parents. However, they showed independency of financial planning for later years. 6) In many ways of life, their recognitions and attitudes were progressive but their were conservative in practical life as the older generations did.