• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2000

Compared to other waste, waste tire has much discharge quantity and calorie. When we use waste heat from waste tire, it can be definitely better substitute energy than coal and anthracite in high oil price age. To use as a basic data for providing low cost and highly effective heating system, following conclusion was founded. Annual waste tire production was 19,596 million in 1999, Recycling ratio was almost 55% and more than 8.78 million was stored. Waste tire has lower than 1.5% sulfur contain ratio which is resource of an pollution, So it is a waste fuel which can be combustion based on current exhaust standard value without any extra SOx exclusion materials. Waste tire has 9,256Kcal/kg calorific value and it is higher than waste rubber, waste rubber, waste energy as same as B-C oil. When primary and second air quantity was 1.6, 8.0 Nm$^3$/min, dry gas production time was 270min and total combustion time was 360 min. In the SOx, NOx, HC of air pollution material density were lower than exhaust standard value at the back of cyclone and dusty than exhaust standard value without dust collector.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.893-898
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• 2009

The quantity of discharged oil from a compressor is one of the most important issues for proper operation of refrigeration system. If the oil is increased in the system not only pressure drop is increased in other components, such as evaporator and gas cooler but also heat transfer coefficient in the heat exchangers is decreased. In addition, the lack of oil in the compressor may cause a critical of the system failure. In this study, one stage single rotary compressor is used for measuring oil circulation ratio(OCR). Carbon dioxide and PAG oil are used as refrigerant and lubricant. Using a U-tube densimeter, mixture density is measured. Characteristics of oil circulation ratio have been investigated for $CO_2$ rotary compressor in the range of operation frequency 45 Hz to 63 Hz and the suction temperature range of $0^{\circ}C$ to $15^{\circ}C$. The results obtained indicate that the oil circulation ratio is increased as the suction temperature or compressor operating frequency is increased.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the effect of biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil on the spray behavior and macroscopic spray characteristics. To analyze quantitative characteristics of test fuels, injection quantity was measured at various injection pressures and the spray images of injected fuels in the pressurized chamber were obtained by using a high speed camera and image analysis system. Based on the measured spray images, the spray tip penetration and spray cone angle were investigated at various energizing timings and injection pressures. In this work, the experimental results showed that the injection quantity of waste cooking biodiesel indicated the higher quantities than diesel at high injection pressure. As the injection pressure was increased, the spray tip penetrations of biodiesel were higher value than diesel. The difference of penetration between biodiesel and conventional diesel fuel was reduced in accordance with the increase of injection pressure. Also, the spray angles of diesel were larger than that of biodiesel because diesel fuel has lower viscosity than biodiesel. In addition, the spray evolution processes of biodiesel fuel at various injection pressures and the elapsed time after the injection were compared to the conventional diesel fuel.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.227-233
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• 1983

Noticing that action of gaseous phase in insulating oil concerns to the discharging characteristics, I investigated the smalness pressure effects on quantity of the partial discharge and discharging pulse frequency. Tests are carried out between the niddle points in insulating oil at pressure being changed by gradual charge of inert gas Ar. At pressure as low as of 0.1-0.5 torr pulse frequency and maximum partial discharge reach peak while at pressure haigher than 20 torr no pulse is observed. The fact that pulse frequency has peak value at certain presure, which is changed either by charging Ar or by adding oil, implies that the action of gaseous phase depends on pressure. Test results are that partial discharge pulse are governed by pressure of Ar-charged oil, and less partial discharge pulses correspond to smaller bubbles whereas more partial descharge pulses correspond to larger bubbles.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.105-109
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• 1988

순수 참기름을 판정하기 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 사지별에 따른 5종류의 참기름 및 3종류의 채종유를 시료로 하여 TLC 에 의하여 triglyceride를 분획하고 HPLC에 의하여 PN별로 분획하였다. 이상의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 산지별에 따른 5종류의 참기름은 PN42, 44, 46, 48 및 50의 5획분으로 분획되었으며 그 조성이 동일하여 진위 판정의 자료로 이용 가능하였다. 2) 제주도산 및 전남 채종유의 triglyceride는 PN40~56 획분이 부리 동정되었으며 캐나다산 채종유에서는 PN 36~52의 9획분이 동정되었다. 3) 참기름의 PN별 획분과 비교하여 볼 때 전남 채조유 에서는 PN48, 52, 54 및 56 획분, 제주도 채종유에선 PN42, 52, 54 및 56획분이 유용한 자료가 되었다. 4) 캐나다산의 채종유에서는 PN42, 48 및 52획분의 조성이 특징적이었다. 5) 참기름에 채종유를 4% 혼합한 경우 PN 별 조성으로부터 순수 참기름의 판정이 가능하였지만 이들 data에서 통계적 처리등의 수단으로 더욱 상세히 검토되면 향상된 분석법이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2015

A novel process has successfully been developed by overcoming major difficulties through the elimination of number of process steps involved in the Classical Transesterification reaction during the preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl/Ethyl Ester (FAME.FAEE) called biodiesel. The Classical process with cost intensive process steps such as the utilization of excess alcohol, needing downstream distillation for the recovery and reutilization of excess alcohol/cosolvent, unrecoverable homogenous catalyst which consumes vast quantity of fresh distilled water during the purification of the product and downstream waste water treatment before its safe disposal to the surface water body. The Novel Process FAME/FAEE is produced from any vegetable oil irrespective of edible or inedible variety using sonication energy. The novelty of the finding is the use of only theoretical quantity of alcohol along with a co-solvent and reduced quantity of homogeneous catalyst. Under this condition neither the homogeneous catalyst goes to the FAME layer nor is the distillation needed. The same ester also has been prepared in high pressure high temperature reactor without using catalyst at sub critical temperature. The quality of prepared biodiesel without involving any purification step meets the ASTM standards. Blended Biodiesel with Common Diesel Fuel (CDF) and FAME is prepared, characterized and used as fuel in the Kirloskar make CI Engines. The evaluation of the engine performance result of pure CDF, B05 biodiesel, B10 biodiesel of all types of biodiesel prepared by using the feedstock of Soybean (Glycine max) and Karanja (Pongamia pinnate) oil along with their mixed oil provides useful information such as brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, etc, and established it as ideal fuel for unmodified CI engine.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제20권43호
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• pp.175-195
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• 1997

The learning curve has an important effect the growth of corporation. But, in Korea, the study and inference on the learning rate of each industry are unprepared, and so, Korean industires have difficult in productivity and cost. At this point, this study infers the learning rate of the oil industries and investigates the productivity and growth of them. In conclusion, this study presents the direction of the oil industries' development. With the intention of this objects, this study seizes the status which is concerned the total quantity, the operating rate, the plant capacity, the indicators concerning productivity, the investment of R & D and the scales, and then, infers and verifies the relevancy in connection with the learning rate. In the oil industry, the average rate of learning is 65.96% from 1982 to 1994 which the total quantity and the average operation time are used to infer the rate. To observe the low rate within a same period of time, this study takes the consequences that the learning rate is almost indentical with them each year. This steady state is caused by a difference between the employee and the decision maker about the acquirement and assimiliated of technology. When the high-quality technologies posses the environment to applicate in the scene of labor with them, this technology applies to the productivities. As the learning rate increases, the productivity has more effectiveness. The result of analysis about the effectiveness of the learning rate follows that the R & D unfoldes to exist and does not contribute to the growth of the oil industry. To analyze the variables of the growth, such as the learning rate, the investement of R & D, the operating rate and the gross value added to property, plant and equipment, the model is established and examined. The business strategy in the oil industry must be developed to achive the internal growth as well as the external.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2013

Since bio-diesel oil has a merit that it satisfies both demand of substitution for fossil fuel and reduction in carbon dioxide emission, it is widely used in diesel engines by blending in gas oil in small quantity. It is needed to reduce in NOx emission in some way or others if blending ratio of bio-diesel oil is going to increase, because it is demerit that bio-diesel oil emits more NOx emission than gas oil. In this study, it was accomplished to optimize 3 factors what effect on NOx emission as blending ratio of bio-diesel oil, injection timing and common rail pressure with an introduction of a design of experiments, in order to minimize a number of tests. It was cleared that to introduce the design of experiments was very available in NOx optimization.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.884-888
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• 2006

In this study, we have attempted to characterize the effects of encapsulated mustard oil with regard to the extension of the shelf life of kimchi. The quantity of mustard oil or encapsulated mustard oil added to the brined cabbage in this study was 0.05%(w/w). Overall, the fermentation processes in the encapsulated mustard oil-added kimchi (EMO) and mustard oil-added kimchi (MO) occurred at a slower rate than in the controls. The periods during which the MO and EMO kimchi samples were edible were prolonged for more than two weeks, according to measurements of pH, total acidity, and microbial changes. The overall acceptability of EMO was superior to MO throughout the entirety of the fermentation period. Sensory evaluation verified that EMO yielded a more favorable product than the MO and control varieties. Encapsulated mustard oil can be employed as a natural food additive to prolong the shelf life of kimchi, via an induced delay of the fermentation process.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.133-156
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• 2014

경제구조를 표현하는 식들로 구성된 모형을 이용하여 도출되는 정량적 분석결과는 성과의 크기를 제시하므로 정책을 평가할 때에 유용하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 해외석유 가스개발사업의 국민경제에 대한 효과를 정량적으로 측정하기 위하여 해외석유 가스개발사업을 반영한 거시경제모형을 구축하고, 이를 이용하여 해외석유 가스개발사업으로부터의 회수액이 GDP, 경상수지, 실업률, 소비자물가, 환율 등에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 해외석유 가스개발 사업의 회수액은 우리나라 기업이 해외석유 가스개발사업에 참여하여 획득한 석유 또는 가스를 달러 형태로 금액화한 것이다. 해외석유 가스개발사업을 반영한 거시경제모형은 한국은행의 모형(1997, 2004, 2012)을 이용하여 구축하였으며, 개별 행태방정식의 통계적 적합성과 historical simulation을 통해 모형 전체의 안정성을 확인하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 시간이 경과하면서 해외석유 가스개발사업 회수액의 규모가 커지면서 우리 나라의 거시경제 변수에 미치는 효과의 크기도 커졌다. 변수별로 보면 해외석유 가스개발사업은 경상수지, 실질 GDP, 실업률에 대해서 긍정적인 효과를 유도하였다. 이에 비해서 소비자물가에 대해서는 상승하는, 그리고 환율에 대해서는 하락(원화가치의 평가절상)하는 효과를 보였다. 매해마다 효과의 크기는 다르지만, 2011년 기준으로 해외석유 가스개발사업 회수액은 경상수지를 2.226%, 실질 GDP를 0.401% 증가시키고, 실업률을 0.489%p 감소시켰다. 소비자물가는 0.101% 증가시키고, 원/달러환율은 0.379% 낮추었다.