• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.1035-1045
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine whether spraying an anti-microbial agent into the slurry pit will reduce the noxious odor substances from piggery barns. For this, a total of 200 crossbred ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) growing pigs with an initial average body weight (BW) of 23.58 ± 1.47 kg were selected and housed in two different rooms, i.e. control (CON) and treatment (TRT). Each room has 100 pigs (60 gilts and 40 borrows). For a period of 42 days, all pigs were fed with corn-soybean meal-based basal diet. Later the noxious odor substances were measured by the following methods. First, fecal samples were randomly collected and stored in sealed and unsealed containers, and sprayed with the non-anti-microbial agent (NAMA) (saline water) and multi-bacterial spraying (MBS) agent (200 :1, mixing ratio-fecal sample : probiotic), Second, the slurry pit of CON and TRT rooms were directly sprayed with NAMA and MBS, respectively. The fecal sample that was stored in sealed and un-sealed containers and sprayed with MBS significantly reduced NH₃ and CO₂ concentration at the end of day 7. However, at the end of day 42, the fecal sample showed a lower H₂S, methyl mercaptans, acetic acid, and CO₂ concentration compared to the unsealed container. Moreover, at the end of days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 compared to the CON room and TRT room slurry pit emits lower concentrations of NH₃, acetic acid, H₂S, and methyl mercaptans, and CO₂ into the atmosphere. Based on the current findings, we infer that spraying anti-microbial agents on pig dung would be one of the better approaches to suppress the odor emission from the barn in the future.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1584-1595
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a low-protein diet on growth performance, carcass traits, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and odor emissions in growing-finishing pigs. Methods: A total of 126 crossbred pigs ([Yorkshire×Landrace]×Duroc) with an average body weight (BW) of 38.56±0.53 kg were used for a 14-week feeding trial. Experimental pigs were allotted to one of 6 treatments in 3 replicates of 7 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design. Pigs were fed each treatment diet with different levels of crude protein (CP). Phase 1 (early growing): 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%; phase 2 (late growing): 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%; phase 3 (early finishing): 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%; phase 4 (late finishing): 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%. All experimental diets in each phase were contained the same concentration of lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), threonine (Thr), and tryptophan (Trp). Results: Over the entire experimental period, there was no significant difference in BW, average daily feed intake, and gain-to-feed ratio among all treatments (p>0.05), but a quadratic effect (p = 0.04) was observed in average daily gain (ADG) during the late finishing phase with higher ADG in Group D. Blood urea nitrogen concentration linearly increased with an increase in dietary CP levels (p<0.01). Regarding nutrient digestibility, excreted nitrogen in urine and feces and nitrogen retention linearly increased as the CP level increased (p<0.01). A linear effect was observed with increasing CP levels in amines, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide in odor emissions (p<0.01). No significant effects were observed in the measurements of carcass traits and meat characteristics (p>0.05). Conclusion: In phase feeding, reducing the CP level to 14% in early-growing pigs, 13% in late-growing pigs, 12% in early-finishing pigs, and 11% in late-finishing pigs is recommended.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2017

Excessive amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odorants discharged into the environment are highly dangerous to human health as well as to ecological systems. Biological treatments of waste gas streams, called biofiltration, containing VOCs and odorous compounds has gained much attention because biofilters are more cost effective and environmentally friendly than conventional air pollution control technologies. This review provides an overview of biotrickling filtration, which is a type of biofiltration including continuous trickled-water flow inside filter media, for VOC and odor abatement. The configuration, design, cost effectiveness, removal capacity and environmental impact of this techniques and the future research and development needs in this area are all considered.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2011

La을 기반으로 하는 다양한 페롭스카이트 촉매를 페치니(Pechini)법에 따라 제조하고, 이 촉매를 음식물 처리 과정에서 발생하는 악취 성분의 저온 산화 반응에 적용하여 효과적인 탈취가 이루어지도록 하였다. 배출 가스의 정량 및 정성 분석을 통하여 음식물 처리 시간에 따른 주요 악취 성분의 양을 조사하였다. 그리고 주요 악취 성분들로 구성된 표준 악취 시료는 산화 반응기의 반응물로 도입하였다. 먼저, 다양한 전이 금속 M이 치환된 La 기반 페롭스카이트 촉매($LaMO_{3}$: M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co 및 Ni)를 제조하고 전이 금속 M의 영향을 알아보기 위해 악취 성분의 산화 반응에 적용한 결과, 테스트한 촉매 중에서 $LaNiO_3$ 촉매가 가장 우수한 촉매 활성을 보였다. 또한 촉매 활성을 증진시키기 위하여 Pt가 치환된 페롭스카이트 촉매($LaNi_{1-x}Pt_{x}O_{3}$: x=0, 0.03, 0.1 및 0.3)를 제조하였고, 이로부터 $LaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}$ 촉매가 가장 효율적인 촉매인 것을 알 수 있었다. 끝으로 저온 산화 반응에서의 페롭스카이트 촉매의 활성을 극대화하기 위하여 담지된 페롭스카이트 촉매($XLaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}/Al_{2}O_{3}$: X=페롭스카이트 함량(wt%), 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 및 100)를 적용하였다. $XLaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}/Al_{2}O_{3}$ 촉매의 활성은 페롭스카이트 함량에 따라 화산형(Volcano-shaped) 곡선을 나타내었으며, 이 때 $20LaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}/Al_{2}O_{3}$ 촉매가 $180^{\circ}C$의 반응 온도에서 88.7%의 가장 높은 전환율을 보였다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2000

This study was carried out to determine a suitable mixing rate to utilize the PDF as a bedding materials at the pigpens and investigate the effect of substitute processed dustproof fly-ash(PDF) on the odor. In proportion to the increase of substitute rate of the PDF, the utilizable period was extended, and there was a little change of the moisture in the bedding materials. At all the treatment of PDF, there was the significant effect on the maggots and parasites but it didn\`t hinder in the biodegradation. According to highly mixing rate, PDF decreased in the noxious gas ($NH_3$ and $H_2$S) emission. In conclusion, the mixing rate of 30% or above this substituted level will increase replacement terms, and reduce the sawdust cost and the pollutions of breed pigs.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.183-184
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• 2002

도시와 산업의 발달 및 인구의 도시 집중화로 다양한 종류의 오염물질이 다량으로 대기 중으로 배출되는 통 환경오염이 날로 심각해지고 상황에서, 특히 악취(odor)와 VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) 물질이 사회의 중요한 환경오염 문제고 부각되고 있다 광화학스모그의 선구물질인 VOC의 주요 배출원은 도로차량, 비도로차량, 용제사용과 유류저장으로 파악되고 있으며 그중 용제사용 부문에는 세정, 인쇄, 세탁, 도장, 농약살포, 소비용품, 도로포장 통에서 대부분 배출되는 것으로 알려져 있다 또한 환경기초시설인 하폐수처리장, 폐기물 소각장 및 매립장 등에서도 다량의 VOC/악취 물질들이 배출되고 있다. (중략)

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2017

The objective of the research project is to develop the hybrid deodorizer for the removal of residual harmful gases generating during pretreatment process of biogas. This hybrid deodorizer is capable of treating harmful gases that contains hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), ammonia ($NH_3$) and other odor substances. This hybrid deodorizer reduced the hydrogen sulfide content from approximately 150~200 ppm to less than 16 ppm. These residual harmful gases were effectively removed in the effluent, achieving up to 97% removal of $H_2S$ and 94% removal of $NH_3$ after treatment using hybrid deodorizer.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.518-524
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 유전체 배리어 방전 플라즈마를 이용한 상수원의 이취미 및 독성물질 분해에 대하여 조사하였다. 이취미 물질로 지오스민(geosmin)과 2-methyl isoborneol (2-MIB)을 사용하였고, 독성물질로는 microcystin-LR (MC-LR), microcystin-RR (MC-RR), microcystin-YR (MC-YR), 그리고 anatoxin-a를 사용하였다. 플라즈마 반응기의 유입기체에 따른 분해 효율(반응시간 150 s 기준)은 지오스민의 경우 산소(100%) > 건조공기(96%) > 질소(5%) 순이었으며, 2-MIB의 경우에도 산소(100%) > 건조공기(94%) > 질소(2%) 순이었다. 이 결과는 이취미 물질이 주로 플라즈마 방전에 의해 생성된 산화성 성분, 특히 수명이 긴 오존에 의해 분해된다는 것을 나타낸다. 산소를 사용했을 때 지오스민과 2-MIB는 150 s 이내, microcystin류는 10 s 이내, anatoxin-a는 30 s 이내에 모두 분해되었다. 실제 호소수를 사용한 경우 증류수에서보다 이취미 및 독성물질의 분해효율보다 높게 나타났다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2008

본 연구는 효소복합체 처리가 양돈분뇨의 액비화 과정의 악취제어 가능성을 조사하기 위하여 액비저장 탱크에 4주간 저장하면서 효소복합체 처리, 폭기 처리, 효소와 폭기 동시 처리 및 대조구로 나누어 비교하였다. 또한 효소복합체를 돈사에 살포하여 돈사내 공기의 질과 양돈장 부지경계선에서의 복합악취농도를 조사하였는데, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 효소복합체와 폭기 처리는 양돈분뇨의 액비화 과정의 암모니아와 황화수소 농도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었으며, 암모니아와 황화수소 농도는 4주간의 액비화 과정 동안 지속적으로 감소되었다. 효소복합체의 일정 수준 처리는 양돈분뇨 액비화 과정의 악취저감을 위한 효율적인 수단이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 효소복합체와 폭기 처리는 양돈분뇨의 액비화 과정의 총질소, 총인 및 암모니아성 질소 농도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었으며, 효소복합체 처리는 양돈분뇨 액비의 품질 유지와 악취저감을 위한 하나의 기술적 대안으로 충분한 것으로 보인다. 효소복합체 살포는 돈사내 공기의 질을 개선하고 양돈장의 부지경계선에서의 복합악취 저감에도 효과적으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 요약하면, 효소복합체 처리는 양돈분뇨 액비화 과정의 악취제어와 고품질 액비제조 가능성이 인정되며, 돈사 내부 및 양돈장 환경개선과 악취저감 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양학회 2001년도 동계 학술심포지움
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• pp.131-131
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• 2001

The enzyme activity and organoleptic properties of Korean pickled cucumber were studies for their changes during fermentation. The Korean pickled cucumber were prepared by blanching and high temperature soaking in salt solution and trehalose treatment The results shelved that the effect of combined heat and trehalose treatment significantly reduced the fermentation rate and softening rate of texture while a rather rapid fermentation was for those pleserved with salt. The effect of trehalose treatment enhenced fermentation and it was significantly reduced softening rate of texture by 2% treatment. The sensory evaluation of Korean pickled cucumber was found that combined heat treatment with blanching and hot solution had a positive effect for reduction of softening of cucumber tissue, however, odor and taste were not significantly affected. This study suggested that combined heat and trehalose treatment might have potential for affording protection against softness of cucumber tissue during the fermentation time.