• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2003

This paper presents an efficient region-based motion segmentation method for segmenting of moving objects in a traffic scene with a focus on a Video Monitoring System (VMS). The presented method consists of two phases: motion detection and motion segmentation. Using the adaptive thresholding technique, the differences between two consecutive frames are analyzed to detect the movements of objects in a scene. To segment the detected regions into meaningful objects which have the similar intensity and motion information, the regions are initially segmented using a k-means clustering algorithm and then, the neighboring regions with the similar motion information are merged. Since we deal with not the whole image, but the detected regions in the segmentation phase, the computational cost is reduced dramatically. Experimental results demonstrate robustness in the occlusions among multiple moving objects and the change in environmental conditions as well.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.185-193
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• 2003

The object of this study is to observe the effects of magnetism on the osteoblasts using a neodymium magnet. The osteoblasts was cultured under magnetic fields of varying intensities to evaluate the effect of magnetism on the activity and alkaline phosphatase acitivty of the osteoblasts. Osteoblasts were cultured in the cell density of $10^4$ for the evaluation of cell proliferation and 105/ml for the evaluation of ALP activity under 0. 10, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 gauss for 24 hour. For evaluation of osteoblast morphologic changes under magnetic, osteoblasts were observed by inverted microscope and TEM. To elucidate if IGF-receptors are increased under the magnetic field, we investigated osteoblasts by immunofluoroscence staining. The results were as follows: In the varying intensities of magnetic fields, the degree of cell proliferation was the highest in the magnetic field of 10 gauss and this gradually decreased up to 1000 gauss. In the magnetic fields stronger than 1000 gauss, the degree of the cell proliferation decreased to an even lower level than that of the control group. The ALP activity and protein synthesis showed a similar increase pattern as the degree of cell proliferation compared to the control group but showed little difference. Under the microscope, morphological change of the cells ( decrease in length and increase in roundness) were observed but no peculiarity of cell distribution could be found according to the magnetic field line. In the proper intensity of magnetic fields (10 gauss), the cultured cells showed increase in number of IGF Receptors compared to that of the control group.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.341-351
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• 2001

Object: Acori graminei rhizoma(AGR) extract is clinically used to treat the cerebral ischemia in Korea. The present study was undertaken to study the neuroprotective effect of AGR extract in middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) rats. Methods: Changes of extracellular levels of glutamate, aspartate, GABA, glycine, taurine, tyrosine, alanine in striatum were collected at 20 minutes interval by in vivo microdialysis and then analyzed by HPLC(high performance liquid chromatography) in rats subjected to permanent focal cerebral ischemia induced by 2 hours of MCAO. AGR extract was orally administrated before MCAO. Different animals were used for measurement of cerebral infarction volume induced by 24 hours of MCAO with TTC staining and image analysis. Result : The infarction volume was decreased and focal cerebral ischemia - induced increase of extracellular glutamate, aspartate, and tyrosine were inhibited after the treatment of AGR extract. On the other hand, the increase of glycine and alanine not but GABA and taurine were enhenced after the treatment of AGR extract. Conclusion: These results suggest that AGR extract can playa role in protecting against cerebral ischemia by regulating extracellular levels of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.271-274
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• 2006

This paper deals with a similarity decision method between the shape of hand-postures and their structures to improve performance of the vision-based hand-posture recognition system. Hand-posture recognition by vision sensors has difficulties since the human hand is an object with high degrees of freedom, and hence grabbed images present complex self-occlusion effects and, even for one hand-posture, various appearances according to viewing directions. Therefore many approaches limit the relative angle between cameras and hands or use multiple cameras. The former approach, however, restricts user's operation area. The latter requires additional considerations on the way of merging the results from each camera image to get the final recognition result. To recognize hand-postures, we use both of appearance and structural features and decide the similarity between the two types of features by learning.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2021

EOTS(Electro-Optical Tracking System) is utilized in acquiring visual information to assess a guided missile's performance. As the missile travels so fast, it is almost impossible for operator to re-capture the lost target. The RADAR or telemetry data are used to re-capture the lost target however facilities to receive real time data is required, which constrains selection of tracking site. Unlike aforementioned data, pre-calculated nominal trajectory can be used without communication facility. This paper proposes a method to predict lost target's state by employing nominal trajectory. Firstly, observed trajectory and nominal trajectory are compared using DTW and current target's state is predicted. The predicted state is used as observation in Kalman filter's correction phase to predict target's next state. The plausibility of the proposed method is verified by applying on actual missile trajectory.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.18-26
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• 2023

In this study, we propose a cow behavior recognition system based on YOLOX and OC-SORT. YOLO X detects targets in real-time and provides information on cow location and behavior. The OC-SORT module tracks cows in the video and assigns unique IDs. The quantitative analysis module analyzes the behavior and location information of cows. Experimental results show that our system demonstrates high accuracy and precision in target detection and tracking. The average precision (AP) of YOLOX was 82.2%, the average recall (AR) was 85.5%, the number of parameters was 54.15M, and the computation was 194.16GFLOPs. OC-SORT was able to maintain high-precision real-time target tracking in complex environments and occlusion situations. By analyzing changes in cow movement and frequency of mounting behavior, our system can help more accurately discern the estrus behavior of cows.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.2-5
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• 2022

Human organs in the body have a complex structure, and in particular, the small intestine is about 7m long, so endoscopy is not easy and the risk of endoscopy is high. Currently, the test is performed with a capsule endoscope, and the test time is very long. The doctor connects the removed storage device to the computer to store the patient's capsule endoscope image and reads it using a program, but the capsule endoscope test results in a long image length, which takes a lot of time to read. In addition, in the case of the small intestine, there are many curves due to villi, so the occlusion area or light and shade of the image are clearly visible during the examination, and there may be cases where lesions and abnormal signs are missed during the examination. In this paper, we provide a method of assisting small intestine capsule endoscopic lesion examination using artificial neural networks to shorten the doctor's image reading time and improve diagnostic reliability.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.249-258
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate how image magnification in dental panoramic radiography is influenced by object position. Five metal balls (4 mm in diameter, 2 for the anterior and 3 for the posterior region on the right side) were placed above alveolar crest of dry skull considering extraction socket and dental arch. Dry skull was radiographed using OP-100D (Instrumentarium Imaging Co., Tuusula, Finland) at proper and displaced position along the sagittal and transverse plane at 3 mm, 6 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm and 15 mm using special mount which can control precise movement. Images were stored in DICOM files and were measured by ruler equipped within INFINITT PACS software (Infinitt Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea). The mean horizontal magnification was 1.224-1.439 and mean vertical magnification was 1.286 - 1.345 at proper position. Vertical magnification resulted in less variation (1.245-1.418) than horizontal magnification (0.798-6.297) according to the sagittal and transverse displacements. Head positioning is important for linear measurement on panoramic radiography and inclusion of standard object (for instance, metal ball) is helpful to anticipate exact magnification of panoramic radiographs at various location.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2020

The present study was aimed to explore the neuroprotective role of imatinib in global ischemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral injury along with possible mechanisms. Global ischemia was induced in mice by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 min, which was followed by reperfusion for 24 h by restoring the blood flow to the brain. The extent of cerebral injury was assessed after 24 h of global ischemia by measuring the locomotor activity (actophotometer test), motor coordination (inclined beam walking test), neurological severity score, learning and memory (object recognition test) and cerebral infarction (triphenyl tetrazolium chloride stain). Ischemia-reperfusion injury produced significant cerebral infarction, impaired the behavioral parameters and decreased the expression of connexin 43 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) in the brain. A single dose administration of imatinib (20 and 40 mg/kg) attenuated ischemia-reperfusion-induced behavioral deficits and the extent of cerebral infarction along with the restoration of connexin 43 and p-STAT3 levels. However, administration of AG490, a selective Janus-activated kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 inhibitor, abolished the neuroprotective actions of imatinib and decreased the expression of connexin 43 and p-STAT3. It is concluded that imatinib has the potential of attenuating global ischemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral injury, which may be possibly attributed to activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway along with the increase in the expression of connexin 43.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2015

As part of an effort to leap smart cadastre system by doing rearrangement of various mismatches in the land register, the cadastre renovation project is being recently conducted. In response to this demand, this paper proposes an image-based rapid parcel boundary demarcation plan using the high resolution aerial image with a GSD (Ground Sample Distance) of 5cm that matches to real ground boundary situation in residential area. To review the feasibility and accuracy of this proposed methodology, we compared the accuracy of parcel boundary point and parcel area extracted from the digital stereo plotting on the basis of results of cadastral boundary surveying and land register over the selected two test areas. The comparative accuracy result of all boundary points by digital stereo plotting is satisfied with accuracy requirement according to the criteria of the enforcement regulation of cadastral surveying, whereas it exceeded allowable error of ${\pm}0.07m$, more strictly specified in the Special Act on Cadastral Renovation. And about 20% of the total 70 parcels extracted by digital plotting are out of area tolerance in Jecheon study area, and 10% of the total 19 parcels in Suwon study area. The parcels exceeding accuracy limit are mostly due to the occlusion caused by building roof or eaves, and the obstacles such as trees existing on the boundary. Furthermore, an object identification is impossible in image because of vague boundary reference in case of nonexistence of man-made structures or natural features. Therefore, the utilization of boundary identification stickers is recommended as a solution for these types of land parcel.