• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.393-398
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• 2004

It is transformed map data of different coordinate system into unique system and We triedto make topographic map on non-accessible area. We transformed Russian map coordinates(Krassovsky, G-K projection) intoWGS-84, TM projection and assessed accuracy. The RMSE(in East and West bearings : ${\pm}$13.67m, in North and South bearings ： ${\pm}$14.67m) using only SCP(Survey Control Point) is more accurate than that(in East and West bearings ： ${\pm}$24.26m, in North and South bearings : ${\pm}$25.32m) using SCP, intersection of road, bridge. Exterior orientation parameters are estimated using rigorous modelling and GCPs are classified with SCP, intersection of road, bridge. Rigorous modelling is performed with each classified GCP. The modelling result usingonly SCP(in East and West bearings : ${\pm}$13.53m, in North and South bearings ： ${\pm}$14.22m) is more accurate than that using intersection of road(in East and West bearings ： ${\pm}$16.l1m, in North and South bearings： ${\pm}$23.85m), bridge(in East and West bearings : ${\pm}$17.21m, in North and South bearings : ${\pm}$21.82m). The results means that SCP is more accurate than intersection of road, bridge because of edit to generate map. therefore, SCP is suitable for object of GCP in paper map(1:50,000). Geographic information on non-accessible area and analysis is performed. The results of stereoscopic plotting is well matched old map data on road, railroad but, many objects are generally editted. It is possible to update on new objects(building, tributary ‥‥etc). Ability of description using SPOT-5(stereo) is more than features and items included in 1:50,000 topographic map. Therefore, it is possible to make large scale map than 1:50,000 topographic map using SPOT-5 imagery. But, there are many problems(accurate GCPs, obtain of high resolution stereoscopic satellite imagery in a period ‥‥ etc) to make topographic map on non-accessible area. It is actually difficult to solve these problems. therefore, it is possible to update 1:50,000 topographic map in part of topographic map generation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a method to analyze M:N corresponding relations in semantic matching, especially focusing on feature class matching. Similarities between any class pairs are measured by spatial objects which coexist in the class pairs, and corresponding classes are obtained by clustering with these pairwise similarities. We applied a graph embedding method, which constructs a global configuration of each class in a low-dimensional Euclidean space while preserving the above pairwise similarities, so that the distances between the embedded classes are proportional to the overall degree of similarity on the edge paths in the graph. Thus, the clustering problem could be solved by employing a general clustering algorithm with the embedded coordinates. We applied the proposed method to polygon object layers in a topographic map and land parcel categories in a cadastral map of Suwon area and evaluated the results. F-measures of the detected class pairs were analyzed to validate the results. And some class pairs which would not detected by analysis on nominal class names were detected by the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.67-76
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• 2011

Recently, researches for semantic annotation methods which represent and search objects included in video data, have been briskly activated since video starts to be popularized as types for interactive contents. Different location data occurs at each frame because coordinates of moving objects are changed with the course of time. Saving the location data for objects of every frame is too ineffective. Thus, it is needed to compress and represent effectively. This paper suggests two methods; the first, ontology modeling for moving objects to make users intuitively understandable for the information, the second, to reduce the amount of data for annotating moving objects by using cubic spline interpolation. To verify efficiency of the suggested method, we implemented the interactive video system and then compared with each video dataset based on sampling intervals. The result follows : when we got samples of coordinate less than every 15 frame, it showed that could save up to 80% amount of data storage; moreover, maximum of error deviation was under 31 pixels and the average was less than 4 pixels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 2004

The human history has progressed closely related to land. Mankind started land administration as a tool of governance to make land the object of imposing taxation as well as developing the land administration as a concept of securing property rights. People have drawn boundary lines on the ground to form a land parcel according to the usage and/or ownership. Furthermore, the land administration has been developed as a registering system of cadastral records fer the public announcement of fixed boundary instead of changeable ground boundary. Currently the citizens demand the provision of accurate and diverse information on the land which is assessed to has high property value encouraged by the rapid development in the post-industrial society today. However, even though the fact that the Korean cadastral registers produced during the Land Investigation Project are still practically in use causes land-related disputes and promotes public mistrust because of the changed boundaries by parcel mutation, the expansion and contraction of map sheets and the quality deterioration and damage of map paper, but the ultimate resolution is not yet made so far. The distance difference between boundary points are compared and analyzed using TS surveying method in the research as a methodology to resolve the boundary inconsistency, the current problem of cadastral records. Consequently, I'd say that the new surveying method of registering the coordinates of real ground boundary has been regarded as more efficient than considering the matter on the map regardless of urban or rural areas.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.10-21
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• 2022

In order to improve formal presentation attitudes such as presentation of job interviews and presentation of project results at the company, there are few automated methods other than observation by colleagues or professors. In previous studies, it was reported that the speaker's stable speech and gaze processing affect the delivery power in the presentation. Also, there are studies that show that proper feedback on one's presentation has the effect of increasing the presenter's ability to present. In this paper, considering the positive aspects of correction, we developed a program that intelligently corrects the wrong presentation habits and attitudes of college students through facial analysis of videos and analyzed the proposed program's performance. The proposed program was developed through web-based verification of the use of redundant words and facial recognition and textualization of the presentation contents. To this end, an artificial intelligence model for classification was developed, and after extracting the video object, facial feature points were recognized based on the coordinates. Then, using 4000 facial data, the performance of the algorithm in this paper was compared and analyzed with the case of facial recognition using a Teachable Machine. Use the program to help presenters by correcting their presentation attitude.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.692-703
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• 2021

Recently, with the development of computer graphics technology, research on technology for expressing real objects as more realistic virtual graphics is being actively conducted. Point cloud is a technology that uses numerous points, including 2D spatial coordinates and color information, to represent 3D objects, and they require huge data storage and high-performance computing devices to provide various services. Video-based Point Cloud Compression (V-PCC) technology is currently being studied by the international standard organization MPEG, which is a projection based method that projects point cloud into 2D plane, and then compresses them using 2D video codecs. V-PCC technology compresses point cloud objects using 2D images such as Occupancy map, Geometry image, Attribute image, and other auxiliary information that includes the relationship between 2D plane and 3D space. When increasing the density of point cloud or expanding an object, 3D calculation is generally used, but there are limitations in that the calculation method is complicated, requires a lot of time, and it is difficult to determine the correct location of a new point. This paper proposes a method to generate additional points at more accurate locations with less computation by applying 2D interpolation to the image on which the point cloud is projected, in the V-PCC technology.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_1
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• pp.1245-1254
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• 2023

Significant research has been conducted on the W-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system that utilizes the 77 GHz frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) radar. To reconstruct the high-resolution W-band SAR image, it is necessary to transform the point cloud acquired from the stereo cameras or the LiDAR in the direction of 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) and apply them to the SAR signal processing. However, there are difficulties in matching images due to the different geometric structures of images acquired from different sensors. In this study, we present the method to extract an optimized depth map by obtaining 6 DOF of the point cloud using a gradient descent method based on the entropy of the SAR image. An experiment was conducted to reconstruct a tree, which is a major road environment object, using the constructed W-band SAR system. The SAR image, reconstructed using the entropy-based gradient descent method, showed a decrease of 53.2828 in mean square error and an increase of 0.5529 in the structural similarity index, compared to SAR images reconstructed from radar coordinates.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1-14
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• 2023

Soybeans are one of the world's top five staple crops and a major source of plant-based protein. Due to their susceptibility to climate change, which can significantly impact grain production, the National Agricultural Science Institute is conducting research on crop phenotypes through growth analysis of various soybean varieties. While the process of capturing growth progression photos of soybeans is automated, the verification, recording, and analysis of growth stages are currently done manually. In this paper, we designed and trained a YOLOv5s model to detect soybean leaf objects from image data of soybean plants and a Convolution Neural Network (CNN) model to judgement the unfolding status of the detected soybean leaves. We combined these two models and implemented an algorithm that distinguishes layers based on the coordinates of detected soybean leaves. As a result, we developed a program that takes time-series data of soybeans as input and performs growth analysis. The program can accurately determine the growth stages of soybeans up to the second or third compound leaves.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

Alvin Toffler mentioned that it is important for future society to keep pace with synchronization and that time deviations can hinder social development. As we experience the new normal era of untact, we have experienced an increase in non-face-to-face contact and accelerated digital transformation. Amid these rapid changes, we can maintain the need for synchronization or change in space. Therefore, we would like to study what kind of settlements people create and choose. We looked at the metaverse as an object that could indirectly find out about this, and used the content called "Animal Crossing" to collect data related to the spatial form of the metaverse. Sampling utilized a judgment sampling method during non-probability sampling to alleviate differences due to the progress of the game. The collected data was classified according to floor plan and location type and briefly organized through descriptive statistics. After matching each facility by use, data was constructed by setting coordinates for each cluster and listing them. This data was interpreted graphically on the coordinate plane for each cluster, and Euclidean analysis was performed to analyze the relationships between clusters and residential choice using a Euclidean matrix. As a result of the analysis, it could be interpreted that efficiency was pursued by arranging similar functions in close proximity. Nevertheless, when choosing a residence, it was interpreted that the intention was to create a community through arrangement adjacent to residents rather than efficiency or convenience. Due to the differences between the metaverse and the real world, it is expected that there will be limitations in equating it with reality. However, through the space expressed in the virtual world by people who are far away from the constraints of reality, we can indirectly know the wishes that we have not been able to express due to our lack of awareness.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.39
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• pp.351-378
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• 2006

With the development of media, the methods for the documentation of intangible cultural heritage have been also developed and diversified. As well as the previous analogue ways of documentation, the have been recently applying new multi-media technologies focusing on digital pictures, sound sources, movies, etc. Among the new technologies, the documentation of intangible cultural heritage using the method of 'Motion Capture' has proved itself prominent especially in the fields that require three-dimensional documentation such as dances and performances. Motion Capture refers to the documentation technology which records the signals of the time varing positions derived from the sensors equipped on the surface of an object. It converts the signals from the sensors into digital data which can be plotted as points on the virtual coordinates of the computer and records the movement of the points during a certain period of time, as the object moves. It produces scientific data for the preservation of intangible cultural heritage, by displaying digital data which represents the virtual motion of a holder of an intangible cultural heritage. National Research Institute of Cultural Properties (NRICP) has been working on for the development of new documentation method for the Important Intangible Cultural Heritage designated by Korean government. This is to be done using 'motion capture' equipments which are also widely used for the computer graphics in movie or game industries. This project is designed to apply the motion capture technology for 3 years- from 2005 to 2007 - for 11 performances from 7 traditional dances of which body gestures have considerable values among the Important Intangible Cultural Heritage performances. This is to be supported by lottery funds. In 2005, the first year of the project, accumulated were data of single dances, such as Seungmu (monk's dance), Salpuri(a solo dance for spiritual cleansing dance), Taepyeongmu (dance of peace), which are relatively easy in terms of performing skills. In 2006, group dances, such as Jinju Geommu (Jinju sword dance), Seungjeonmu (dance for victory), Cheoyongmu (dance of Lord Cheoyong), etc., will be documented. In the last year of the project, 2007, education programme for comparative studies, analysis and transmission of intangible cultural heritage and three-dimensional contents for public service will be devised, based on the accumulated data, as well as the documentation of Hakyeonhwadae Habseolmu (crane dance combined with the lotus blossom dance). By describing the processes and results of motion capture documentation of Salpuri dance (Lee Mae-bang), Taepyeongmu (Kang seon-young) and Seungmu (Lee Mae-bang, Lee Ae-ju and Jung Jae-man) conducted in 2005, this report introduces a new approach for the documentation of intangible cultural heritage. During the first year of the project, two questions have been raised. First, how can we capture motions of a holder (dancer) without cutoffs during quite a long performance? After many times of tests, the motion capture system proved itself stable with continuous results. Second, how can we reproduce the accurate motion without the re-targeting process? The project re-created the most accurate motion of the dancer's gestures, applying the new technology to drew out the shape of the dancers's body digital data before the motion capture process for the first time in Korea. The accurate three-dimensional body models for four holders obtained by the body scanning enhanced the accuracy of the motion capture of the dance.