• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.870-882
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, a global public health problem. Mentha canadensis (MA), a traditional phytomedicine and dietary herb used for centuries, was the focus of this study to investigate its effects on obesity. MATERIALS/METHODS: Thirty-five male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a normal diet (ND, n = 10) or a high-fat diet (HFD, n = 25) for 4 weeks to induce obesity. After the obesity induction period, the HFD-fed mice were randomly separated into 2 groups: one group continued to be fed HFD (n = 15, HFD group), while the other group was fed HFD with 1.5% (w/w) MA ethanol extract (n = 10, MA group) for 13 weeks. RESULTS: The results showed that body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weights were significantly decreased in the MA-supplemented group compared to the HFD group. Additionally, MA supplementation enhanced energy expenditure, leading to improvements in plasma lipids, cytokines, hepatic steatosis, and fecal lipids. Furthermore, MA supplementation regulated lipid-metabolism-related enzyme activity and gene expression, thereby suppressing lipid accumulation in the WAT and liver. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that MA has the potential to improve diet-induced obesity and its associated complications, including adiposity, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.250-256
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• 2016

The prevalence of renal disease is increased with the overweight and obesity. High fat diet-associated oxidative stress increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces apoptosis. There are two types of antioxidant defense mechanisms for oxidative stress. One is the enzyme defense mechanism by antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). The other is non-enzyme defense mechanism by signaling molecules such as nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf-2), HO-1. In this study, we induced obesity in mice with high fat diet for six weeks and thereafter administered orally Viola mandshurica for 4 weeks. V. mandshurica is known to clear heat, detoxify and cool blood, and subside a swelling effect. In the V. mandshurica administered group, the immunoreactive signal of the Tunel staining was weaker than that of obesity group. Proapoptotic Bax, caspase 3 immunoreactives of the V. mandshurica administered group was lower than those of obesity group, whereas anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 immunoreactity was higher in the V. mandshurica administered group. Antioxidant enzyme mechanism such as superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT) immunoreactives of the V. mandshurica administered group and Antioxidant non-enzyme mechanism such as Nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2), Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) immunoreactives of the V. mandshurica administered group was higher than those of obesity group. These results demonstrate that V. mandshurica had the antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effects on obese mice.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.569-578
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the lower body shape of varus-typed elderly women. This study intentionally collected elderly women at age 65 years or older who seemed to have a lower body shape of varus-type, and the data of 100 women were used for final analysis. The results are as follows. Elderly women with a lower body shape of varus-type were shorter than regular elderly women and had small circumference and weak lower body. To classify the body shapes, factor analysis was conducted which drew a total of 3 factors, with 74.11% of accumulative variance. Cluster analysis was performed according to factor analysis and the body shapes were divided into 3 types. Type 1 was a body shape with the most severe varus-type that had small measured values of height and the highest BMI. Type 2 was a group of women with a large build with a relatively small tendency of varus-type. Type 3 was a group of women who were not obese, had long lower bodies, and varus-type with small circumference, which were similar to Type 1. Therefore, this study on the body shape is expected to be used as a basic data for the development of the clothes for straightening the varus-typed lower body shape in the future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.5019-5023
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• 2016

Background: In Mexico, breast cancer (BCa) is in first place regarding cancer mortality and has been established as a priority health issue. The incidence of metastasis from BCa is very high and presents as the principal mortality factor among women younger than 40 years of age. OBJECTIVE. To determine any associations between clinicopathological characteristics and metastasis in Mexican women under 40 years of age. Methods: During the 2010-2015 period, a total of 180 female BCa cases seen at the Navy General High Specialty Hospital, SEMAR, in Mexico City; we collected information on 20 patients with BCa younger than 40 years of age. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Students t, Fisher, Chi square, and Mantel-Haenszel tests. Results: The prevalence of women with BCa younger than the age of 40 years during the 2010-2015 period was 13.3%. We found a high frequency of obesity in of these cases (>75%); 100% of obese patients with a history of smoking presented with metastasis (p <0.05). In addition, the hormone phenotype was important; HER2-positive cases were 12 times more likely tto exhibit metastasis (p <0.05), while expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors appeared to be protective. Diabetes mellitus in combination with smoking was also a risk factor for development of metastasis (p <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, we obtained essential data regarding risk of metastasis in young breast cancer cases which could be useful for predicting disease evolution and treatment response.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of body types of adult woman under 155cm in height. To do this, direct measurement data showed that only 660 women aged 20~69 years old and under 155cm tall were classified, and their body type characteristics were analyzed. There are 51 body measurement items used in the analysis. The results of the study are as follows: As a result of the comparison of the body size of all adult women and women under 155cm, it was seen that short women were smaller than the all women, and were flattened with a slightly plump and bendless body. Factor analysis was performed to classify the body type of short women. Six factors including body size, body height, shoulder length and width, waist back length, hip length, and shoulder angle were measured. The results of cluster analysis, using factor scores, were classified into three types. Type 1 is taller among short women and slightly slimmer, and is an A-shape. Type 2 has the largest BMI and was the middle stature among short women It is the most obese body type and is an H-shape. Type 3 is short and plump, with a poor hip and is a Y-shape. As a result of crossover analysis, there was a difference in the body type characteristics of each age group. After all, the body type of the short adult women under 155cm was clearly different from those of all adult women, there was also a difference in the body type among short adult women.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to offer basic data concerning the prevention of obesity for obese children to identify the relationship between their self-efficacy and the degree of performance on health promoting lifestyle profile. Method: The subjects were 148 fourth to sixth grade elementary school students in Gwang-ju, Korea during the period from September 10 to September 25, 2001. The collected data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression by using the SPSS program. Result: The relationship between general characteristics of subjects and self-efficacy were significant differences according to eating time(F=5.338, p=.006). The relationship between general characteristics of subjects and health promoting lifestyle profile were significant differences according to grade(F=5.615, p=.005), eating time(F=8.591, p=.000), concern about weight control(F=3.915, p=.022), experience of weight control(t=7.632, p=.006). Health promoting lifestyle profile was showed significant positive correlations with self-efficacy(r=.537, p=.000). Self-efficacy(27.6％) was the highest factor predictor health promoting lifestyle profile of obesity students. In addition to eating time, concern about weight control, explained for 33.3％ in health promoting lifestyle profile. Conclusion: Results of this study point to self-dfficiency as a major factor in the health promoting behavior of childhood obesity. According to the results of this study, There is a reason to develop a health program to promote self-efficiency.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.452-456
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• 2015

Obesity is the fifth leading risk for death globally, and a significant challenge to global health. It is a common, complex, non-malignant disease and develops due to interactions between the genes and the environment. DNA methylation can act as a downstream effector of environmental signals; analysis of this process therefore holds substantial promise for identifying mechanisms through which genetic and environmental factors jointly contribute to disease risk. To assess the effects of excessive weight and obesity on gene-specific methylation levels of promoter regions, we determined the methylation status of four genes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress [interleukin 6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ ($TNF{\alpha}$), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and glucose transport 4 (GLUT4)] in blood cell-derived DNA from healthy women volunteers with a range of body mass indices (BMIs) by methylation-specific PCR. Interestingly, the samples from obese individuals ($BMI{\geq}30kg/m^2$) showed significantly increased hypermethylation for IL6 gene compared to normal weight ($BMI<23kg/m^2$) and overweight sample ($23kg/m^2{\leq}BMI<30kg/m^2$) (P = 0.034 and P = 0.026). However there was no statistically significant difference in promoter methylation of the other 3 genes between each group. These findings suggest that aberrant DNA methylation of IL6 gene promoter may play an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity and IL6 methylation could be used as molecular biomarker for obesity risk assessment. Further studies are required to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this relationship.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2009

Purpose: By analyzing factors related to suicide ideation of Korean middle and high school students, the purpose of this study was to multi-dimensionally understand suicide ideation of Korean middle and high school students and arrange the plans to prevent suicide. Methods: This study used and analyzed the data on ‘The 3rd (Year2007) Korea Youth Health Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYHRBWS)' conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In this study, we analyzed 74,698 respondents in total. SPSS 12.0 Program was used to analyze the survey. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square Test and multivariate logistic regression were also used as research methods. Results: 23.8% of the Korean middle and high school students had suicide ideation during the last one year. Girls had higher possibility of suicide ideation by 1.51 times compared to boys. Students with poor academic achievement had more suicide ideation. In terms of health characteristics, students who perceived themselves as not healthy, and students with short weekday sleeping hours, more drinking experience and more smoking experience had more suicide ideation than others. Furthermore, students who perceived themselves as overweight or obese had more suicide ideation than other students. In terms of mental characteristics, students with high level of stress, low level of happiness and depression had more suicide ideation. Conclusion: As a result of this study, we found out that the factor that had the biggest influence on suicide ideation of Korean middle and high school students was depression. Consequently, active supports and policies to decrease suicide ideation of Korean middle and high school students are necessary. Therefore, active interviews, education for suicide prevention, and periodical screening inspection should be introduced in schools.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.137-147
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the influences on physical status and study achievement by the dietary behavior of the youth in Korea. The survey was carried from June to July, 1995 by way of questionnaire to 397 students. The students' study achievement records and physical status were analyzed by the factor of dietary behavior. The results were as follows: 1 The average physical status of male students was lean, but females were standard. 76ft of mothers of the subjects were working in specialty farming. The monthly income of their family was $1000{\sim}1500$ thousand Won and students' pocket money was $20{\sim}40$ thousand Won per month. 2. The aspects of meal behavior included the general idea that the meal was thought to relieve hunger, and preference of taste was spiciness The most important factor of the meals for the students was taste. Their bad meal habits were quick eating and irregularity of meals. 3. There was a significant difference in the comparison of the study achieving records with the frequency of supper However, there was no one meaningful difference between study achievement records and the attendance rate to school, health status, and living conditions. However, there was a significant difference between their study records and eating with family. The students, who had the breakfast and/or supper with family, remarked better study records than other groups. 4. Also, there was a significant difference of study records with physical status. The overweight or obese students had a lower degree of study score (p<0.1). Adolescence is considered a period of setting up dietary behavior, so it is necessary to educate good nutrition and dietary habits for students to keep in healthy physical condition and with high study achievements.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2004

Background: Recently obesity has become a social problem in all over the world including Korea. It is known that obesity is closely related with cardiovascular disease. Many studies are carrying out in the relation between several obesity indices, such as body mass index(BMI), waist-circumference(WC), body fat percent and risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Objective: This study was done in order to investigate correlation of obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. Method: We gathered totally 138 subjects who have taken health screening test in university hospital. With the exception of 40 abnormal cases on current illness and laboratory study, 98 healthy cases were analysed. We divided the groups as normal, overweight, obese group according to body mass index $(22.9kg/m^2\;and\;below\;/\;23{\sim}24.9kg/m^2\;/\;25kg/m^2\;and\;above)$and investigated the relationship between obesity based on body mass index(BMI) and cardiovascular risk factors. And investigated the relationship between each cardiovascular risk factor and body mass index, waist-hip ratio, body fat percent. Results: With the exception of blood pressure, other lab data such as total cholesterol, triglycerid, glucose were significantly different between the three groups divided by body mass index$(22.9kg/m^2\;and\;below\;/\;23{\sim}24.9kg/m^2\;/\;25kg/m^2\;and\;above)$. And Correlation coefficient of cardiovascular risk factors with body mass index, waist-hip ratio, body fat precent were acquired. Conclusion: We have concluded that the body mass index and waist-hip ratio body fat precent were predictive factors cardiovascular disease.