• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.345-355
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• 1999

This study was intended to provide basic information for nutrition education and meal planning by evaluating the nutritional status, food habits, and food preference of elementary school children with school lunch program and without school lunch program(lunch box). The subjects of this study consisted of 266 elementary school children aged from 10 to 12(136 male, 130 female) in Ulsan the area. The survey was conducted by questionnaires and data were analyzed by SPSS program. The average body weight was $38.4{\pm}6.9kg$ for boys and $36.8{\pm}7.4kg$ for girls and the average heights was $141.3{\pm}5.6cm$ for boys and $141.2{\pm}5.7cm$ for girls. These values were lower than that of the Korean reference. 56.0% of the subjects skip breakfast 1 to 2 times a week, 58.2% of the subjects had prejudice for special food, such as bean, anchovy, and pork. The food habit scores of the subjects was divided into poor(11.7%), fair(63.5%), and good(24.8%). The average score of girl's was significantly(p<150) higher than that of the boy's. Compare to 1/3 of RDA for children, the average intake of nutrients provided lower amounts of all nutrients. Therefore Calcium and vitamin A intakes were especially lower than the others. Therefore the importance of milk and green vegetables must be emphsized to them through nutrition education. Children preferred ssalbab to jabkogbab and liked beef-based soup, and baechu kimchi. There were significant differences in food habit scores with gender, parent's education, and exercise. The results of this study indicate that nutrition education and menu planning program should be applied to elementary school children who are served by the school lunch program.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2005

본 연구는 초등학교에서의 식생활 및 영양교육의 활성화 방안을 모색해보고자 초등학교 교사들을 대상으로 학교교육과정에서의 식생활 및 영양교육 실태와 인식 등을 알아보기 위하여 실시되었다. 대부분의 교사들은 주로 실과 및 체육 과목을 통해 식생활 교육을 실시하고 있었으며 학생들의 수업 참여도도 보통이상의 수준인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 학교 교육과정에서의 식생활 및 영양교육은 곡 필요하며 효과가 큰 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 그러나 교사들을 대상으로 한 영양교육 관련 연수 참여 기회가 매우 적고, 영양교육 자료와 시설의 부족 및 교사의 전문성 부족으로 인해 학교에서 식생활 교육을 실시하기가 어렵다고 생각하고 있었다. 그리고 학교에서 식생활 교육이 활성화되기 위해서는 식생활 교육 내용이 실과 교육 과정에 보충되어져야 하며, 가정과 학교가 연계하여 식생활 교육이 실시되어져야 한다고 하였다. 이에 초등학교 교사들을 대상으로 한 다양한 영양교육 관련 연수 프로그램 등이 실시되어져야 하며, 교사와 학부모가 협력하여 식생활 및 영양교육을 함께 실시할 수 있는 체제가 마련되어져야 할 것으로 여겨진다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.598-607
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to develop a software system for computer nutrition counseling based on food intake and level of exercise measurements. Various software programs were developed using Powerbuilder 5.0 and categorized according to their function: 1) inputting general data including age, sex, weight, height, degree of acitivity and exercise amount of individuals, 2) inputting food intake based upon a 24-hour dietary recall method, 3) calculating energy and general nutrient intake and evaluating dietary status with respect to the Korean recommended dietary allowances, 4) calculating dietary intake of fatty acids, 5) calculating PUFA : MUFA : SFA and $\omega$6 :$\omega$3 ratios, 6) reporting the results of nutrient analysis, and 7) assessing the nutritional status of individuals and practicing nutrition education. This study provides various information on the assessment of nutritional status.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.779-788
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data on the importance of eating breakfast by analyzing the dietary habits, dietary attitude, dietary behavior, and nutrition knowledge between of male high school students according to breakfast eating status. The subjects consisted of 400 male high school students living in Chungnam. There was no significant difference according to grade, height, and weight between students who skipped breakfast and those who ate breakfast. Further, satisfaction and perception about body weight were not statistically different between the two groups. Regarding relationships with friends, to the response 'I have a lot of relationships with friends' was 25.5% in the skipping breakfast group and 45.7% in the eating breakfast group. The academic records of the students who ate breakfast were much higher. Meal regularity, meal satisfaction, and dietary attitude of the eating breakfast group were better than those of the skipping breakfast group. Regarding the level of nutritional knowledge, students who skipped breakfast scored $7.6{\pm}2.9$ points while the students who ate breakfast scores $7.9{\pm}3.1$ points, indicating no significant difference. The students who ate breakfast had better friendships, higher academic achievement, and better dietary behavior and attitude. Therefore, it is necessary to increase nutrition education and reduce the skipping of breakfast through a variety of methods, such as school food service and simple recipes for Korean food. It should also be considered that nutrition education for parents be widely provided.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate high school students' sugar intake behaviors, the status of consuming sugary processed foods, the awareness of sugar, and the experience and interest in sugar-related education based on the level of sugar-related nutrition knowledge. Methods: In this study, five high schools were selected in Seoul, Korea, and a survey was conducted in 400 students on the level of sugar-related nutrition knowledge and sugar intake status. A total of 349 questionnaires were used for the final analysis. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics was performed; a t-test, ${\chi}^2$ test, and Friedman test were used for comparative analysis. Results: The study results showed a positive association between the knowledge level of sugar and the appropriate sugar intake behavior and sugary food choices. The group with more nutrition knowledge on sugar was found to have good eating habits and to eat less sugary food. The main sources of sugar were beverages, confectionary, and bakery goods in the corresponding order, irrespective of the level of nutrition knowledge related to sugar. A significant difference was found in the groups' awareness of the sugar content of the drinks with 89.4% for the higher-knowledge group, and only 81.5% for the lower-knowledge group (p < 0.05). Results also showed that 43.9% of the higher-knowledge group and 36.4% of the lower knowledge group were interested in participating in education on sugar. Conclusions: This study result indicated the need to help adolescents to avoid excessive sugar intake from only certain favorite foods. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a systematic foundation for participatory education in order for them to maintain a low sugar intake in daily life and lead healthy eating habits by increasing their level of sugar-related information and knowledge.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.662-669
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related disease are drawing a lot of attention in Korea as one of the serious health problems. Bone health status may be influenced by the general dietary quality and dietary pattern. SUBJECTS/METHODS: To determine the relationship between dietary quality and intake patterns and bone health status, the %RNI, NAR, DDS, and food group intake patterns were assessed according to their bone health status for 847 postmenopausal women using the 2010 KNHANES data after eliminating those of likely changing their diet under the advice of doctors or those taking estrogen. RESULTS: Bone health became worse as dietary quality deteriorated. All NAR and %RNI values were highly associated with bone health levels and the consumption frequency of Ca sources, DDS and the food group intake patterns also confirmed the findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that dietary quality and dietary patterns were important for bone health. Nutritional education on eating foods from the five basic food groups has to be emphasized to prevent osteoporosis among older women.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2014

This study aims to determine the effect of a trained dedicated dietitian on clinical outcomes among Lebanese hemodialysis (HD) patients: and thus demonstrate a viable developing country model. This paper describes the study protocol and baseline data. The study was a multicenter randomized controlled trial with parallel-group design involving 12 HD units: assigned to cluster A (n = 6) or B (n = 6). A total of 570 patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients in cluster A were randomly assigned as per dialysis shift to the following: Dedicated Dietitian (DD) (n = 133) and Existing Practice (EP) (n = 138) protocols. Cluster B patients (n = 299) received Trained Hospital Dietitian (THD) protocol. Dietitians of the DD and THD groups were trained by the research team on Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative nutrition guidelines. DD protocol included: individualized nutrition education for 2 hours/month/HD patient for 6 months focusing on renal osteodystrophy and using the Trans-theoretical theory for behavioral change. EP protocol included nutrition education given to patients by hospital dietitians who were blinded to the study. The THD protocol included nutrition education to patients given by hospital dietitian as per the training received but within hospital responsibilities, with no set educational protocol or tools. Baseline data revealed that 40% of patients were hyperphosphatemics (> 5.5 mg/dl) with low dietary adherence and knowledge of dietary P restriction in addition to inadequate daily protein intake ($58.86%{\pm}33.87%$ of needs) yet adequate dietary P intake ($795.52{\pm}366.94$ mg/day). Quality of life (QOL) ranged from 48-75% of full health. Baseline differences between the 3 groups revealed significant differences in serum P, malnutrition status, adherence to diet and P chelators and in 2 factors of the QOL: physical and social functioning. The data show room for improvement in the nutritional status of the patients. The NEMO trial may be able to demonstrate a better nutritional management of HD patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.347-361
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate dietary intake between with and without hypertension. Study subjects were more than 30 years old adults (n = 3,806) who participated in the 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. People who have 'self-recognition about hypertension' and 'having diet for hypertension' were excluded. Using the WHO standard, subjects were divided into the hypertensive group (SBP> 140, DBP> 90) and the normal group (SBP< 140, DBP< 90). The Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) of a hypertensive group were higher than those of a normal group (p < 0.01). The distribution of the subjects for smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, stress, preference of salty food were not significantly different between a normal group and a hypertensive group (p>0.05). Dietary intakes were investigated by the 24-hour recall method. When food and dish intakes analyzed by sociodemographic factors, normal group consumed more fruits than those of a hypertensive group. Statistical significant were shown at female group, residences in metropolitan area and having elementary school education (p<0.05). Hypertensive group consumed more alcoholic beverages than those of a normal group at 'age 39-39', 'aged 50-64', 'high economic status', 'low economic status' and 'residences in metropolitan' (p<0.05) The amount of intakes for fat, potassium, thiamin, vitamin C and alcohol were significantly different between the normal group and the hypertensive group (p<0.05). The highest score of the Dietary diversity score (DDS) was 4 in both normal group and hypertensive group. Normal group showed high Nutrition Density (ND) of vitamin C and hypertensive group showed high ND of sodium. In summary, these results showed that significant difference for people with hypertension were intakes of fruits, alcohol, thiamin, vitamin C. And these results differed by sociodemographic groups. Therefore, the differential approach in each group is demanded for prevention and control of the hypertension.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to determine how the association between socioeconomic status and health behaviors with self-rated health status among Korean aged 20-64 years. Methods: A nationally representative sample(2,027 men and 2,626 women) from the 2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Surveys was analyzed. To estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals, logistic regression was conducted. Results: The study shows that socioeconomic status was related with self-rated health status. that was, lower education and income led to a significant increase in poor health status. The odds ratio of self-rated health status after controlling for age was 2.83(95% CI, 1.60-5.00) for men, 2.32(95% CI, 1.15-3.46) for women among those with the lowest-educated group compared to the highest-educated group. When household income was considered, the odds ratio of self-rated health for men was 3.50(95% CI, 2.11-5.79) and 2.21(95% CI, 1.53-3.20) for women among those in the lowest-income group compared to the highest-income group. Health behaviors had little effect on the relationship between socioeconomic status and self-rated health status. Conclusions: This study found that there existed socioeconomic differences in poor health status in Korean. The effect of education was stronger than that of income for both men and women.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2010

본 연구는 부산시 해운대구 보건소에서 과체중 이상인 30세 이상 중년여성을 대상으로 스스로 평생 자기 건강관리를 할 수 있는 능력을 키울 수 있는 건강 체중조절 프로그램을 개발하여 운영하고, 효과적인 영양교육의 필요성과 체계적이고 지속적인 체중조절 프로그램의 운영방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 상반기, 하반기로 2차례에 걸쳐서 과체중 이상인 해운대구 거주 주민 여자 53명을 선착순 모집하여 프로그램을 운영하였다. 프로그램 시작 전후에 건강검진, 체력측정, 체성분측정, 설문조사를 하고, 건강상태와 비만도에 따른 결과를 개인상담으로 실시하였으며, 영양교육은 비만 특강(1시간)을 시작으로, 소그룹별로 4주간 매주 1회 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 영양교육과 운동프로그램 전후의 대상자의 체중, BMI는 유의적으로 감소(p<0.001)하였으며 체격 및 체력검사결과 허리둘레, 엉덩이둘레, 상완배부, 견갑하연부는 유의적으로 감소하였으며(p<0.001), 배근력(p<0.001), 악력(p<0.01)은 유의적으로 증가하였다. 또한 영양교육과 운동프로그램 실시 후에 공복 시 혈당(p<0.001), 중성지방(p<0.01)의 농도는 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.01). 건강 상태에 대한 평가 결과, 스스로의 건강상태에 대해 긍정적으로 변화되었고, 프로그램 실시 후에 건강관리를 위해서 운동을 중요시하는 양상을 보였다. 영양소 섭취 상태 조사 결과 비타민 D의 섭취량은 유의적으로 증가하였으며(p<0.05). 식습관 조사와 영양지식평가 결과, 평균점수가 유의적인 증가를 보였다(p<0.001). 4주간의 영양교육과 운동프로그램 실시 후 대상자의 식습관과 비만도, 혈액수치에 있어서 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다고 사료되며, 교육효과를 더 증진시키기 위한 보다 체계적이고 지속적인 영양교육 프로그램의 개발이 필요하며 잘못된 식습관으로 인한 영양불균형이 성인병 등을 유발하지 않도록 평소 균형된 식생활이 이루어지도록 하여야 할 것이다.