• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.236-245
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to develop a screening model for identifying a high risk group of dementia and to develop and evaluate the web-based prevention program. Method: It was conducted in 5 phases. 1) Data were collected from dementia patients and non-dementia patients in a community. 2) A screening model of the high risk population was constructed. 3) The validity test was performed and the model was confirmed. 4) Four weeks-prevention program was developed. 5) The program was administered, and evaluated the effects. Result: The model consisted of age, illiteracy, history of stroke and hypercholesterolemia. The program was designed with 12 sessions, group health education using web-based individual instruction program, and 12 sessions of low-intensity physical exercise program. After the completion, their self-efficacy, and health behaviors in experimental group were significantly improved over those in the control group. The perceived barrier in the treatment group is significantly decreased. Conclusion: The screening model developed is very simple and can be utilized in diverse community settings. And the web based prevention program will encourage individual learning and timely feedback, therefore it can facilitate their active participation and promote health management behaviors at home.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.660-667
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12-week brisk walking and brisk walking plus diet program on C-Reactive Protein(CRP) in middle-aged obese hypertriglycemic($triglyceride{\geq}150mg/d{\ell}$) Korean women. Method: The subjects were 16 obese ($BMI{\geq}25$) hypertriglycemic middle-aged women (7 for brisk walking group, 9 for brisk walking plus diet group) who participated in a health promotion program at one public health center. Initially the brisk walking intervention consisted of walking for 20 minutes/day at an intensity of 40 to 50% of heart rate reserve(HRR) for 3 days/week and progressed to 50 minutes/day, 60 to 70% of their HRR, and 6 days/week. The diet intervention consisted of 60 minutes of group education and 20 to 30 minutes of individual counseling with a nutritionist every week. Data were analyzed with SPSS PC program. Results: There was no significant reduction in CRP levels in both brisk walking (Z=-1.70, p=0.088) and brisk walking plus diet group(Z=-0.31, p=0.752). In brisk walking only group, CRP levels were increased after the intervention. Conclusion: Brisk walking could increase the level of CRP when it is in the course of progression and diet could decrease the acute phase inflammatory response.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1254-1262
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 6-wk low intensity exercise program on fatigue, perceived health state, exercise-related affect, perceived benefits, and exercise self-efficacy for female college student's. The subjects of the study consisted of thirty-four female college students. The research subjects were assigned to experimental and control group. The experimental group participated in 13-17 and 30-60 minute sesseions of exercise program over 6 weeks. Data analysis was done by t-test with SAS program. The results of this study are as follows. 1) The first hypothesis, “The fatigue of experimental group will be lower than control group”, was supported. 2) The second hypothesis, “The perceived health state of experimental group will be higher than control group”, was not supported. 3) The third hypothesis, “The exercise-related affect of experimental group will be higher than control group”, was not supported. 4) The fourth hypothesis, “The benefits of exercise of experimental group will be higher than control group”, was not supported. 5) The fifth hypothesis, “The self-efficacy for exercise of experimental group will be higher than control group”, was supported.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2003

This descriptive study was conducted to explore the mothers' perceived temperament of their preschoolers, and its related factors. Survey from 212 mothers of preschoolers residing in Seoul, Daejeon, and Suwon was performed, and Schaefer's MBRI(Maternal Behavior Research Instrument), and PTQ(Parent Temperament Questionnaire) by Thomas and Chess, Child-rearing burden instrument by Han were used to collect data from September 15 to October 31, 2002. Data was analyzed with SPSS 10.0 Win program. Summaries of results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in temperament type-easy or difficult child-depending upon the demographic characteristics. 2. In temperament subscale, boys showed higher activity level than girls, and in working mothers group, adaptability was significantly lower although mood was higher. Preschoolers with expanded families were higher in activity level and intensity of reaction than with nuclear families. 3. Approach-withdrawal, adaptability, and mood showed significant negative relationship with maternal childrearing burden. 4. Temperament showed significant positive or negative relationship with maternal childrearing attitudes. In conclusion, it determined preschoolers' temperament was affected by primary environment such as maternal attitude, childrearing burden, and family type as well as children's gender. It was suggested that parent education and counselling program in nursing would be needed to promote children's desirable temperament.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the 8-weeks back pain management program (consisted of exercise and education for back pain) in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: A total of 20 subjects who visited the pain clinic in a university hospital were randomly assigned either to a experimental or a control group. Ten subjects in the experimental group carried out the back pain management program for 8 weeks, and 10 in the control group did not. Results: After the back pain management program, back pain and disability were significantly reduced, and back pain management behavior and back muscle strength were significantly increased in the experimental group. However, radiating pain and flexibility were not significantly changed after the back pain management program. Conclusion: Findings of this study indicated that the 8-weeks back pain management program had favorable effects on back pain, degree of disability, back pain management behavior, and back muscle strength in patients with chronic low back pain. Future research needs to examine the optimal intensity and frequency of back muscle strengthen exercise, and the lasting effects of education for back pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise on mental health in female elementary school teachers. Methods: The subjects were 1,861 female elementary school teachers in Seoul. Data were collected through an online survey from November 16 to December 7, 2008. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, one way ANOVA and Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, using IBM SPSS 20.0 program. Results: Not many female elementary school teachers were engaging in exercise. Even though their perception of stress and degree of depression were high, the rate of suicidal thoughts were low. The perception of stress was lower in the female teachers who engaged in walking or high-intensity workout than those who did not. The teachers who walked or stretched for exercise showed a lower rate of depression than those who did not and the teachers who walked for exercise displayed a lower rate of suicidal thoughts. Conclusion: Exercise programs should be provided for female elementary school teachers to reduce their stress, depression, and suicidal thoughts.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the level of agreement between smartphone apps and self-reported physical activity questionnaires. Methods: Quantitative methods were used to assess the correlation and agreement between the number of steps counted by a smartphone app and the amount of walking reported in a survey. A total of 29 adults who used smartphones were recruited from a university, and their step counts from their smartphone pedometers and responses to the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) were collected over a 10-week period. Results: An analysis of 170 data pairs with Spearman's rho correlation and a Bland-Altman plot revealed a positive correlation between step counts from the smartphone app and walking activity from the IPAQ. The Bland-Altman plot also demonstrated the agreement to be improved among female participants. Conclusion: In assessing walking activity, smartphone pedometer apps showed good correlation with the IPAQ and improved agreement with the IPAQ among women. Therefore, it is suggested that the participants' gender and activity intensity, as well as the accuracy of measurement tools, should be considered in an evaluation of the delivery of physical activity promotion programs through smartphone apps.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.75-86
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• 2020

This study examined the effects of auricular acupressure on the pain and quality of life of lung cancer patients. Forty-four participants, and were divided into an experimental group (n=22) and a placebo control group (n=22). The patients in the experimental group received vaccaria seed to the four auricular acupressure points. In contrast, the patients in the placebo control groups received auricular acupressure on cancer-related points unrelated to pain. The intervention was implemented for six weeks, with five consecutive days a week. The pain intensity, pain pressure threshold, and quality of life score were used to validate the effects of the treatment. The pain intensity of the experimental group showed a significant decrease compared to the placebo control group after the intervention (Z=-2.78, p=.006). The pain pressure threshold of the experimental group showed a significant increase compared to the placebo control group after the intervention (Z=-2.69, p=.007). The quality of life among lung cancer patients showed a significant increase after the intervention compared to the placebo control group (t=3.20, p=.003). Therefore, auricular acupressure can be used as a proven nursing intervention method for lung cancer patients from cancer-related pain and the quality of life.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.197-210
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• 1988

The purposes of this study were : 1) to assess the level of pain and to identity the varieties and the degree of pain-related behavior, 2) to measure the level of correlation between the level of pain and the degree of pain- related behavior, 3) to test the correlation between the Korean Pain Rating Scale (KPRS) and Graphic Rating Scale(GRS), and 4) to gather data relevant to the Socio-demographic status of the subjects. The level of pain was measured by KPRS and GRS developed by the researchers. The KPRS consists of three dimensions ; the sensory, the affective and the miscellaneous and the GRS of two separate scales ; the intensity scale and the unpleasantness scale. Of the 2, 025 who had visited orthopedic and neurosurgical out-patients department of 11 university hospitals in various districts of Korea with the episode of Joint pain, 405 subjects were self-selected by responding to the data gathering tools and questionaires mailed. The results are summaried as follows : 1. Maale(217, 53.6%) exceeded female patients(188, 46.4%) in number and the onset of joint pain was more prevalent in the age groups of the 20s and the 30s. 160(39.5%) had been hospitalized for the treatment of, and 87(21.5%) had retired because of the joint pain. 2. Mean pain score measured by KPRS was 128.31 (range; 0-1.344.8) ; mean sensory score was 43.23(range ; 0-645.88%), mean affective score was 46.09(range ; 0- 356.72), and mean miscellaneous score was 39.99(range ; 0-341.68). Mean pain scores measured by GRS were ; sensory intensity score ; 109.1(range ; 0-200) and distress score ; 99.1 (range ; 0-200). 3. The prevalent sites of joint pain revealed to be the right knee joint(203; 50.1%), left knee joint(181(44.7%), left ilium(147, 36.3%), lumbar region (106; 26.2%), hip joint(92; 22.7%) and the ankle(84; 20.7%). 4. The average sleep hour was 6.8hours per day and the average rest hour during the day hours was 3.3hours (range 0-20). 5. The average duration of suffering from joint pain was 49.1 months. 6. Most of the subjects(298; 73.6%) used some sorts of pain relieving practices ; the most prevalent pain relieving practice was the compliance with the physician prescribed treatments(34.4%). 7. The level of discomfort in carrying out the ADL(activities of daily living was 101.16(38.83) and the level of needs for aid in carrying out the ADL was 76.62(31.79). 8. The interrelation between KPRS total score and GRS sensory intensity score(.4438), as well as that of GRS distress score(r＝.4446) were not highly correlated, however, sensory and affective dimension within KPRS (.7547) and pain intensity and distress score of GRS(.6975) revealed moderate intercorrelation. 9. Pain-related behaviors such as discomfort in carrying out ADL, the need for aids in carrying out ADL, frequency of pain relieving practices, varieties of pain sites and length of rest hours during the day hours revealed to be highly correlated with the level of pain measured by KPRS, GRS sensory intensity scale and GRS distress scale. The following are recommended ; 1. Test for the correlation of KPRS total score and the summated score of GRS ; sensory intensity and distress scores. 2. Possibilities of utilization of the pain-related behaviors which revealed high correlation as indirect assessment tool for measuring the level of pain.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.103-110
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• 2023

This study is a descriptive comparative study to identify personal characteristics and nursing work characteristics according to the presence or absence of back pain of nurses in intensive care units in general hospitals and to explore major factors that affect back pain induction. A survey was conducted on nurses in the intensive care unit of a general hospital located in D City, and a total of 100 copies were used for analysis. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher accurate test, and logistic regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS 24.0. The study found that 69% of intensive care unit nurses had back pain, 65.2% of which experienced back pain for more than three months in the past year, and 84.1% had back pain after working in the intensive care unit. In the back pain intensity score measured by NRS, 49% answered that they experienced 4 or more points. As factors related to back pain, gender (p=.03) were significant variables in personal characteristics, in the characteristics of nursing work, the number of patient assistance (p=.03) and the number of patient exchanges (p=.01), heavy lifting (p=.04), satisfaction with the condition of the shoes (p=<.001) was found to be a significant variable affecting back pain induction. It is considered that hospital organization and national policies are needed to prevent and manage low back pain in intensive care unit nurses.