• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.267-279
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• 2001

The object of this study is to provide the basic data for the caring of parents by understanding emotional status, physical status, and family support of parents with cardiac disease children. The subjects of this study were consisted of 105 parents of cardiac disease children admitted at 'G' hospital in Inchon, and 'S' hospital in Puchon. The data were collected from November 6 to December 21, 2000. Four instruments were used to collect the data : Spielberger's STIS, Cornell Medical Index(CMI), Yang's stress scale, and Moos's Family Environment Scale Form R, the latter 3 are modified by researcher. The collected data were tested using frequencies, percentiles, means, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSSWIN program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There were statistically significant differences in degree of anxiety on age, number of children, and children's order of birth. 2. There was a statistically significant difference in degree of physical status on presence of the other patient in family. 3. There were not statistically significant differences in degree of stress and family support on demographic factors. 4. There were positive correlations between physical status and family support, and between anxiety and stress, but negative correlations between family support and stress, between anxiety and family support, between anxiety and physical status, and between stress and physical status.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.361-366
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• 2007

This study reflects on the subjects of tile papers published by Journal of Automation in Construction, which has focused on such fusion-technology research areas in civil engineering as robotics and automation and observed a growing number of papers and extensiveness of participation during the 2000-2006 periods. This paper provides a current perspective on technology-fusion research in civil engineering, as reflected in the journal of Automation in Construction. Journal of Automation in Construction (AIC) is intended to be of interest of industry personnel, government personnel and researcher in Information Technology (IT) and Automation research in civil engineering. This paper is intended to show a cross country comparison of technology-fusion research through analysis of papers. The research results show that there is a need to increase research collaboration between industry and academia, government and academia, and industry and government to advance the construction industry.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.11-20
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• 2019

Recently, our society is increasingly aware of the strengthening of 'publicness'. In particular, it is urgent to improve safety in that public spaces are used by an unspecified number of people. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive an indicators for evaluating crime safety in outdoor public spaces and to present the relative weights of each evaluation indicator. For this purpose, this study investigated the relative importance of crime safety evaluation indicators for outdoor public spaces to experts and conducted AHP analysis based on this. The result of this study is as follows. First, it was confirmed that similar tendency was observed among experts group (researcher, public officials, planner) related to outdoor public space. Therefore, the results of this study will be a certain reference point in the future social consensus on the issue. Second, the experts related to physical environment evaluation showed that the priority of environmental planning related to 'Natural surveillance' is highly evaluated in order to increase crime safety of outdoor public space. Next, it was recognized that 'Mechanical surveillance' and 'Legibility reinforcement' were needed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.100-107
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• 2015

Purpose: To explore the association between sleep and the risk of accidental injury at school among Korean adolescents. Methods: From the database of the Ninth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), the researcher selected 63,307 adolescents who responded to a survey on sleep hours. We conducted logistic regression with sleep duration and fatigue after sleep as independent variables, the risk of injury at school as a dependent variable, and gender, grade, school type, economic status, parents' education level, number of participations in physical education, and current smoking and drinking as control variables. Results: Using 9 hours of sleep as the reference, the adjusted injury risk (odds ratio) was 1.74 for those sleeping less than 5 hours a day, 1.61 for 5 hours, 1.45 for 6 hours, 1.31 for 7 hours, 1.13 for 8 hours, and 1.40 for 10 hours or longer. The difference between each pair of groups was statistically significant. In this study, injury risk increased as sleep duration decreased and fatigue after sleep increased. Conclusion: The findings suggest that a short nightly duration of sleep and fatigue after sleep can be considered potential risk factorsfor unintentional injuries at school among Korean adolescents.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.37-54
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• 2020

In response to the recent decline in the school-age population, universities have made attracting foreign students a major policy task for universities. As a result, the number of foreign students increased rapidly in terms of quantity, but in terms of quality, the risk is inevitable. Accordingly, the government presented education and internationalization competency certification system indicators on the basis of which quality control of students was systematized. Based on the above certification system, this study focused on analyzing the multiple factors that are actually given to the academic adaptation (performance) of the 2200 students who entered a certain university. In addition, factors other than the certification system index were discovered to comprehensively track how they affect the academic performance of students studying abroad. The researcher found the multi-reciprocal model analysis showed that the difference between the learner and the moderator was significant, and whether or not they had the Korean proficiency test (TOPIK) was significant. It also said that it could have a direct impact on Chinese University Entrance Exams (高考) are significant. If a model that is very effective in selecting students is established by each university and used as an indicator through this study, it will serve as a basis for efficient selection of students.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.9
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• pp.1335-1342
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• 2013

Subway is electrified railway system nowadays, in which liquid dielectric transformers have been widely used, though mold type transformers are replacing it. The transformers supplies large electric power and have innate hazards causing accidents under operation. A number of researcher have carried out on failures of it and have oriented to identify transformer's failure causes and how to maintain it healthy state. The transformer failures can cause serious accidents which can provoke economic loss and leads persons to kill. In this paper, we carried out a safety activity to reveal hazards and to estimate risk of subway liquid dielectric transformers using FMEA, HAZOP and What-if methods. In case of installing safety devices in oil immersed transformer, we tried to evaluate an effect on a subsystem's failure rate. We proposed how to design subsystem failure rate and safety device failure rates.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze elementary students' understanding the relationship between perimeter and area in geometric figures. In this study, the questionaries were used. In the survey, the subjects were elementary school students in In-cheon city. They were 86 students of the fifth grade, 86 of the sixth. They were asked to solve the problems which was designed by the researcher and to describe the reasons why they answered like that. Study findings are as following; Students have misbelief about the concept of the relationship between perimeter and area in geometric figures. Therefore, 1 propose the method fur teaching about the relationship between perimeter and area in geometric figures. That is teaching via problem solving.. In teaching via problem solving, problems are valued not only as a purpose fur learning mathematics but also a primary means of doing so. For example, teachers give the problem relating the concepts of area and perimeter using a set of twenty-four square tiles. Students are challenged to determine the number of small tiles needed to make rectangle tables. Using this, students can recognize the concept of the relationship between perimeter and area in geometric figures.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.291-298
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• 2018

In this study, the flexural fatigue performance of concrete beams made with 100% Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) and 100% Coarse Natural Aggregates (NA) were statistically commanded. For this purpose, the experimental fatigue test results of earlier researcher were investigated using two parameter Weibull distribution. The shape and scale parameters of Weibull distribution function was evaluated using seven numerical methods namely, Graphical method (GM), Least-Squares (LS) regression of Y on X, Least-Squares (LS) regression of X on Y, Empherical Method of Lysen (EML), Mean Standard Deviation Method (MSDM), Energy Pattern Factor Method (EPFM) and Method of Moments (MOM). The average of Weibull parameters was used to incorporate survival probability into stress (S)-fatigue life (N) relationships. Based on the Weibull theory, as single and double logarithm fatigue equations for RCA and NA under different survival probability were provided. The results revealed that, by considering 0.9 level survival probability, the theoretical stress level corresponding to a fatigue failure number equal to one million cycle, decreases by 8.77% (calculated using single-logarithm fatigue equation) and 6.62% (calculated using double logarithm fatigue equation) in RCA when compared to NA concrete.

• Architectural research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.35-43
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• 2018

This article explores the complex modes of experiencing the modern city that are engaging and disengaging by nature, which thus negates any simple ways of understanding what it means by 'the urban' in a Manichean comparison. What follows is an in-depth case study of Gordon Matta-Clark's 1976 film titled City Slivers. Influenced by the countercultural practices prevalent in the 1960s and 1970s, Matta-Clark produced a number of works roughly grouped together under the rubric of "building cuts." Among many others, City Slivers is distinctive among Matta-Clark's extensive cutting projects, in the sense that he actively utilizes film as a primary expressive medium and poetically reassembles fragmentary images of cityscape in order to bring forth an alternative urban scenario where the tension between institution-bound urbanization and dispersed daily urban practices is highlighted. Instead of simply being critical against the changing urban conditions of Manhattan in the 1970s, Matta-Clark aims to actively grasp ambivalent instances of urban life that are at once attractive and alienating, thereby excavating the subconscious terrain of contemporary urbanism that is prevalent but often dismissed over glamorous urban projects.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.593-601
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• 2017

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is one of the materials used to strengthen steel structures. Most studies on strengthening steel structures have been done on steel beams and steel columns. No independent study, to the researcher's knowledge, has studied the effect of CFRP strengthening on steel beam-columns, and it seems that there is a lack of understanding on behavior of CFRP strengthening on steel beam-columns. However, this study explored the use of adhesively bonded CFRP flexible sheets on retrofitting square hollow section (SHS) steel beam-columns, using numerical investigations. Finite Element Method (FEM) was employed for modeling. To determine the ultimate load of SHS steel beam-columns, ten specimens, eight of which were strengthened with the different coverage length and with one and two CFRP layers, with two types of section (Type A and B) were analyzed. ANSYS was used to analyze the SHS steel beam-columns. The results showed that the CFRP composite had no similar effect on the slender and stocky SHS steel beam-columns. The results also showed that the coverage length, the number of layers, and the location of CFRP composites were effective in increasing the ultimate load of the SHS steel beam-columns.