• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.371-376
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• 2007

This paper presents an emotion recognition and its expression system of an intelligent robot like a home robot or a service robot. Emotion recognition method in the robot is used by a facial image. We use a motion and a position of many facial features. apply a tracking algorithm to recognize a moving user in the mobile robot and eliminate a skin color of a hand and a background without a facial region by using the facial region detecting algorithm in objecting user image. After normalizer operations are the image enlarge or reduction by distance of the detecting facial region and the image revolution transformation by an angel of a face, the mobile robot can object the facial image of a fixing size. And materialize a multi feature selection algorithm to enable robot to recognize an emotion of user. In this paper, used a multi layer perceptron of Artificial Neural Network(ANN) as a pattern recognition art, and a Back Propagation(BP) algorithm as a learning algorithm. Emotion of user that robot recognized is expressed as a graphic LCD. At this time, change two coordinates as the number of times of emotion expressed in ANN, and change a parameter of facial elements(eyes, eyebrows, mouth) as the change of two coordinates. By materializing the system, expressed the complex emotion of human as the avatar of LCD.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2002

플랜트 모델이나 경험에 근거하여 설계된 퍼지제어기를 실제 플랜트에 적용할 경우, 모델링 오차와 플랜트에 대한 관련지식의 부족으로 만족할 만한 제어 결과를 나타내지 못할 경우가 있다 이 경우 제어성능을 향상시키기 위해 제어기의 제어인자를 다시 조정하여야 하고, 이 조정과정은 시행착오방법으로 수행되기 때문에 많은 시간과 비용을 필요로 한다. 본 논문에서는 퍼지 논리와 정규화에 따라 스케일 계수를 자동조정하는 퍼지 제어기를 제안한다 모의 실험을 통하여 스케일 계수가 자동조정되는 퍼지제어기가 스케일 계수가 고정된 퍼지 제어기보다 좋은 성능을 보임을 확인하였다. 그리고 DSP 프로세서를 사용하여 설계한 제어기를 구현한 후 실험결과를 관측하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1443-1453
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• 1998

본 논문은 컴퓨터에 입력된 문자정보를 음성정보로 변환하기 위한 음성합성엔진에 관한 것이며, 특히 명료성의 향상을 위해 파형처리 음성합성방식을 이용한다. 음성합성엔진은 컴맨드 스트림의 제어에 따라 자연성의 향상을 위한 피치조절, 길이 및 에너지 등을 제어하며 음성합성단위로서 반음절을 사용한다. 엔진에서 사용 가능한 컴맨드를 프로그램하여 음성합성엔진에 입력함으로서 음성을 합성하는 빙식은 구문분석, 어휘분석 등의 하이레벨과 파형의 편집 가공 등의 로우레벨을 완전 분리하므로 시스템의 융통성과 확장성을 높인다. 또한 TTS시스템의 적용에 있어 각 모듈을 객체/컴포넌트(Object/Component)로 각 모듈이 상호 독립적으로 작동되도록 하여 쉽게 대체가 가능하다. 하이 레벨과 로우 레벨을 분리하는 소프트웨어 아키택처는 음성합성 연구에 있어 각각 여러 분야별로 독립적으로 연구수행이 가능하여 연구의 효율성을 높이며 여러 소프트웨어의 조합사용(Mix-and-Match)이 가능하여 확장성과 이식성을 향상시킨다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.379-389
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• 2007

This paper presents an attempt to determine natural background levels of heavy metals which could be used for assessing heavy metal contamination. For this study, a large archive dataset of heavy metal concentration (Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn) for more than 900 surface sediment samples from various Korean coastal environments was newly compiled. These data were normalized for aluminum (grain-size normalizer) concentration to isolate natural factors from anthropogenic ones. The normalization was based on the hypothesis that heavy metal concentrations vary consistently with the concentration of aluminum, unless these metals are of anthropogenic origin. So, the samples (outliers) suspected of receivingany anthropogenic input were removed from regression to ascertain the "background" relationship between the metals and aluminum. Identification of these outliers was tested using a model of predicted limits at 95%. The process of testing for normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test) and selection of outliers was iterated until a normal distribution was achieved. On the basis of the linear regression analysis of the large archive (please check) dataset, background levels, which are applicable to heavy metal assessment of Korean coastal sediments, were successfully developed for Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn. As an example, we tested the applicability of this baseline level for metal pollution assessment of Masan Bay sediments.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2011

The Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) is one of the major genomic resources for human genetics and immunological studies. Use of LCLs is currently extended to pharmacogenetic studies to investigate variations in human gene expression as well as drug responses between individuals. We evaluated four common internal controls for gene expression analysis of selected hematopoietic transcriptional regulatory genes between B cells and LCLs. In this study, the expression pattern analyses showed that TBP (TATA box-binding protein) is a suitable internal control for normalization, whereas GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) is not a good internal control for gene expression analyses of hematopoiesis-related genes between B cells and LCLs at different subculture passages. Using the TBP normalizer, we found significant gene expression changes in selected hematopoietic transcriptional regulatory genes (downregulation of RUNX1, RUNX3, CBFB, TLE1, and NOTCH2 ; upregulation of MSC and PLAGL2) between B cells and LCLs at different passage numbers. These results suggest that these hematopoietic transcriptional regulatory genes are potential cellular targets of EBV infection, contributing to EBV-mediated B-cell transformation and LCL immortalization.