• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제58권3호
• /
• pp.262-270
• /
• 2015

Objective : Long-term oral anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy has been used with increasing frequency in the elderly. These patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from expansion of intracranial hemorrhage. We conducted a single-center retrospective case control study to evaluate risk factors associated with outcomes and to identify the differences in outcome in traumatic brain injury between preinjury anticoagulation use and without anticoagulation. Methods : A retrospective study of patients who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy for acute traumatic cerebral hemorrhage, between January 2005 and December 2014 was performed. Results : A consecutive series of 50 patients were evaluated. The factors significantly differed between the two groups were initial Prothrombin Time-International Normalized Ratio, initial platelet count, initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, and postoperative intracranial bleeding. Mean Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score were similar between the two groups. In the patient with low-energy trauma only, no significant differences in GOS score, postoperative bleeding and many other factors were observed. The contributing factors to postoperative bleeding was preinjury anticoagulation and its adjusted odds ratio was 12 [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 12.242; p=0.0070]. The contributing factors to low GOS scores, which mean unfavorable neurological outcomes, were age (adjusted OR, 1.073; p=0.039) and Rotterdam scale score for CT scans (adjusted OR, 3.123; p=0.0020). Conclusion : Preinjury anticoagulation therapy contributed significantly to the occurrence of postoperative bleeding. However, preinjury anticoagulation therapy in the patients with low-energy trauma did not contribute to the poor clinical outcomes or total hospital stay. Careful attention should be given to older patients and severity of hemorrhage on initial brain CT.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제110권1호
• /
• pp.64-71
• /
• 2021

최근의 기후변화는 산지토사재해의 발생을 가속시키고 있다. 산지토사재해 중 토석류는 전파길이가 길고 매우 빠른 거동 특성을 갖기 때문에 매우 위협적으로 인식된다. 본 연구는 설악산 국립공원내 토석류 발생지 263개소를 대상으로 발생 길이(m)에 미치는 영향인자를 구명하고, 수량화이론(I)을 사용하여 발생 길이에 대한 각 산림환경 인자의 기여도 분석을 하여 예방적인 측면에서 국립공원내 토석류 발생 가능성지역에 대한 예측기법을 개발하였다. 각 산림환경 인자의 Range를 추정한 결과, 종단사면(0.9676)이 가장 높게 나타나 설악산 국립공원의 토석류 발생 가능성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 추정되었으며, 다음으로는 횡단사면(0.6876), 고도(0.2356), 사면경사(0.1590), 방위(0.1364) 순으로 나타났다. 설악산 국립공원 산악지 토석류 발생 발생가능성 판정표를 기준으로 5개의 산림환경 인자의 category별 점수를 계산한 추정치 범위는 0점에서 2.1864점 사이에 분포하고 있으며, 중앙값은 1.0932점으로 토석류 발생가능성을 예측을 작성한 결과 I등급은 1.6399 이상, II등급 1.0932~1.6398, III등급 0.5466~1.0931, IV등급 0.5465 이하로 나타나 1등급, 2등급에서 토석류 발생 비율이 86.3%로서 높은 적중률을 보였다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2010

Multi-criteria ABC inventory classification is one of the most widely employed techniques for efficient inventory control, and it considers more than one criterion for categorizing inventory items into groups of different importance. Recently, Ramanathan (2006) proposed a weighted linear optimization (WLO) model for the problem of multi-criteria ABC inventory classification. The WLO model generates a set of criteria weights for each item and assigns a normalized score to each item for ABC analysis. Although the WLO model is considered to have many advantages, it has a limitation that many items can share the same optimal efficiency score. This limitation can hinder a precise classification of inventory items. To overcome this deficiency, we propose a context-dependent DEA based method for multi-criteria ABC inventory classification problems. In the proposed model, items are first stratified into several efficiency levels, and then the relative attractiveness of each item is measured with respect to less efficient ones. Based on this attractiveness measure, items can be further discriminated in terms of their importance. By a comparative study between the proposed model and the WLO model, we argue that the proposed model can provide a more reasonable and accurate classification of inventory items.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.1109-1116
• /
• 2010

본 논문에서는 시뮬레이션을 사용하여 MANET(Mobile Ad-hoc Network)에서 VoIP(Voice over Internet Protocol) 트래픽의 전송성능을 측정 분석하였으며, 이를 토대로 VoIP 구현 조건을 제시하였다. 시뮬레이션에는 NS(Network Simulator)-2를 기반으로 한 VoIP 시뮬레이터를 구현하여 사용하였으며, 시뮬레이션에 사용한 VoIP 트래픽은 G.711, G.723.1 G.726-32, G.729A, GSM.AMR, iLBC 규격을 기준으로 생성하였다. 이 트래픽을 $670{\times}670m$ 50노드 규모의 MANET 환경에서 전송하고, VoIP 전송 성능으로 MOS(Mean Opinion Score), 네트워크 지연, 패킷손실율, 전송대역을 측정하였다. 측정결과에 대한 정규화분석을 통하여 VoIP 서비스 품질 조건을 충족하는 VoIP 연결수가 15이하임을 확인하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제64권1호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2021

Background: The diagnosis of esophageal varices (EV) is based on the findings of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), biopsy, and serum markers. Thus, noninvasive cost-effective tests through which high-risk EV children can be diagnosed are needed. Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the noninvasive markers for EV in children with liver cirrhosis. Methods: A total of 98 children with liver cirrhosis were evaluated in this study. The spleen size, platelet count, serum albumin, liver function test results, and risk scores were evaluated prior to endoscopy. The endoscopic investigations aimed to identify the presence of EV and red signs, and determine varices sizes. Results: Endoscopy revealed varices in 43 subjects (43.9%). The spleen size, platelet count, international normalized ratio, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), platelet count to spleen size ratio, and risk score differed significantly between patients with and without EV on univariate analysis; however, the logistic regression analysis showed no differences, indicating that none of these parameters were independently associated with the presence of EV. Conclusion: Platelet count, risk score, platelet count to spleen size, and APRI can be useful tools for the identification of high-risk patients with EV and might reduce the need for invasive methods like EGD.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.219-228
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 한 부모 가정 아동에게 대인돌봄 음악활동 프로그램의 효과를 대조군을 두어 실험한 비동등성 대조군 전후 유사실험설계이다. 자료 수집은 N시에 소재한 22개소 지역아동센터의 한 부모 가정아동 실험군 22명, 대조군 23명을 대상으로 2014년 7월에서 9월까지 진행하였다. 연구도구는 외로움, 자아존중감 척도와 스트레스 반응을 측정하기 위해 심박변이도(HRV)를 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 Window용 SPSS 18.0프로그램을 이용하여 실험군과 대조군의 동질성 검증은 t-test와 ${\chi}^2$-test로 연구가설의 검증은 independent t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과 대상자의 외로움과 자아존중감은 실험군에서 유의한 차이가 없었고, 교감신경계 활성도(normalized LF)는 낮아지고 부교감신경계 활성도(normalized HF)는 높아졌으며 교감신경계와 부교감신경계 활성도 비율(LF/HF)점수는 유의한 차이로 낮아져 가설이 모두 지지되었다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과에 기초하여 대인돌봄 음악활동 프로그램은 단기간 동안에 한 부모 아동의 스트레스 관리를 위한 프로그램으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic balance and activity of internal oblique muscle, multifidus muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, biceps femoris muscle during the Y balance test following the wearing of pelvic compression belt. Forty healthy adults were recruited for this test. The dynamic balance score was estimated as the following: (anterior+posteromdial+posterolateral)/($3{\times}leg$ length)${\times}100$. The electromyography signals were measured through %reference voluntary contraction, which was normalized by reference voluntary contraction of Y balance test without wearing the pelvic compression belt. The paired t-test was carried out to compare the dynamic balance score and the activity of the trunk and hip extensor with and without the wearing of pelvic compression belt. The dynamic balance score of the Y balance test when wearing pelvic compression belt was significantly than when measured without wearing the pelvic compression belt (p<.05). The muscle activity of the internal oblique and the multifidus was significantly decreased when wearing pelvic compression belt (p<.05). The muscle activity of the gluteus maximus was significantly increased when wearing pelvic compression belt (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference in hamstring muscle activity, with or without wearing the belt (p>.05). In conclusion, this study shows that the wearing of pelvic compression belt affects trunk muscle and hip extensor muscle activity related to the pelvic mobility and stability and increases dynamic balance and also contributes to the stabilization of the external pelvic stabilization.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2015

본 증례보고는 퇴행성 관절염으로 양방병원에서 치료를 받던 중에 발생한 약인성 간손상으로 한방병원에서 진단 및 치료 받은 73세의 여성 환자의 증례를 소개하고자 한다. 환자는 약 3개월 동안 양방병원에서 비스테로이드성 소염제와 근육이완제 등을 처방 받아 오던 중 점차적으로 피로감과 오심 구역감 등의 위장장애를 호소하였다. 양방 의원에서 수 차례 약물치료를 하였으나 호전되지 않고 점차 극심한 피로감과 무기력감 및 위장증상으로 한방병원을 찾게 되었다. 한방병원에서 혈액검사상에 급성감염(AST 90 IU/L, ALT 100 IU/L, ALP 191 IU/L, GGT 614 IU/L) 소견을 보였다. 초음파 검사상 정상적 소견과 다른 기저질환의 배제 및 RUCAM score가 9로서 약인성 간손상으로 진단이 되었다. 15일간의 뜸치료와 침치료 및 한약물 (청간플러스시럽)의 복용으로 주관적 증상은 완전히 소실되었으며 GGT를 제외한 간기능 검사도 정상으로 회복되었다. 그동안 한약물과 관련된 약인성 간손상에 대한 연구가 주로 양의학계에서 이루어지다보니 한약물의 안전성에 대한 부정적 평가가 많았었다. 그러한 의미에서 본 증례보고는 양약에 의한 약인성 간손상에 대한 전형적인 증상의 특성을 보여주고 약인성 간손상에 대한 한의학적 관리 및 치료의 향후 연구에 대한 의미있는 증례를 제시한다고 하겠다.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.358-366
• /
• 2011

Multi-criteria ABC inventory classification, which aims to classify inventory items by considering more than one criterion, is one of the most widely employed techniques for inventory control. The weighted linear optimization (WLO) model proposed by Ramanathan (2006) solves the problem of multi-criteria ABC inventory classification by generating a set of criterion weights for each inventory item and assigning a normalized score to the item for ABC analysis. However, the WLO model has some limitations. First, many inventory items can share the same optimal score, which can hinder a precise classification of inventory items. Second, the model allows too much flexibility in weighting multiple criteria; each item is allowed to choose its own weights so that it can maximize its score. As a result, if an item dominates the others in terms of a certain criterion, it may be classified into a higher class regardless of other criteria by assigning an overwhelming weight to the criterion. Consequently, an item with a high value in an unimportant criterion and low values in others may be inappropriately classified as class A, leading to an inaccurate classification of inventory items. To overcome these shortcomings, we extend the WLO model by using the cross-efficiency method in data envelopment analysis. We claim that the proposed model can provide a more reasonable and accurate classification of inventory items by mitigating the adverse effect of flexibility in the choice of weights and yielding a unique ordering of inventory items.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.25-43
• /
• 2018

The effects of hydro-meteorological and surface variables on the frequency of Asian dust events (FAE) were investigated using ground station and satellite-based data. Present weather codes 7, 8, and 9 derived from surface synoptic observations (SYNOP)were used for counting FAE. Surface wind speed (SWS), air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), and precipitation were analyzed as hydro-meteorological variables for FAE. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), land surface temperature (LST), and snow cover fraction (SCF) were used to consider the effects of surface variables on FAE. The relationships between FAE and hydro-meteorological variables were analyzed using Z-score and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. Although all variables expressed the change of FAE, the degrees of expression were different. SWS, LST, and Ta (indices applicable when Z-score was < 0) explained about 63.01, 58.00, and 56.17% of the FAE,respectively. For NDVI, precipitation, and RH, Asian dust events occurred with a frequency of about 55.38, 67.37, and 62.87% when the Z-scores were > 0. EOF analysis for the FAE showed the seasonal cycle, change pattern, and surface influences related to dryness condition for the FAE. The intensity of SWS was the main cause for change of FAE, but surface variables such as LST, SCF, and NDVI also were expressed because wet surface conditions suppress FAE. These results demonstrate that not only SWS and precipitation, but also surface variables, are important and useful precursors for monitoring Asian dust events.