• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.249-260
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• 2019

The study examines the impact of financial risk, convenience risk, non-delivery risk; return policy risk and product risk on online consumer behavior of Malaysian consumers. The research employed a self-administered survey to collect empirical data from 245 Malaysian online shoppers by using convenience sampling. Cronbach alpha was calculated to confirm the reliability of the data and then normality was assessed. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was then conducted to test the model using the goodness-of-fit tests. And finally, structural equation modeling is used to test the hypotheses and draw conclusions. IBM SPSS AMOS version 22.0 was utilized for data analysis. The research indicates that product risk, convenience risk, and return policy risk have a significant and positive impact on online shopping behavior. Financial risk is found to have insignificant and negative effects on consumer behavior. In addition, the non-delivery risk is found to have a significant and negative impact on online shopping behavior. The findings provide a useful model for measuring and managing perceived risk in online shopping which may result in an increase in participation of Malaysian consumers and reduce their cognitive deficiencies in the e-commerce environment. Several managerial implications are discussed along with the scope for future research.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.80-84
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• 1996

This paper aims at reviewing the Possibility application over normal or abnormal, detection used by AE and the wear characteristics of grinding process. In this study, when diamond bur in dentistry with chosen grinding conditions were tuned at grinding. The variation of grinding resistance and hE signal is detected by the use of AE measuring system. The tests are carried out in accordance with diamond burs and workpiece; arcyl and bovine. According to the experiment results, the following can be expected; AE has the possibility to detect the state normality and abnormality. However, the grinding resistance measuring can find it difficult to detect it. It can be accurately excerpted from AE occurrence pattern in contact start point of diamond bur and bovine, grinding condition and derailment point. It is known that AE$\_$rms/ is well compatible with grinding resistance. According to the increase of the material removal rate, the specific energy of the diamond bur is inclined to decrease and the grinding resistance has a tendency to increase.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2016

This paper presents the results obtained using time-series-based methods for structural damage assessment. The methods are applied to a wind turbine blade structure subjected to fatigue loads. A 9 m CX-100 (carbon experimental 100 kW) blade is harmonically excited at its first natural frequency to introduce a failure mode. Consequently, a through-thickness fatigue crack is visually identified at 8.5 million cycles. The time domain data from the piezoelectric active-sensing techniques are measured during the fatigue loadings and used to detect incipient damage. The damage-sensitive features, such as the first four moments and a normality indicator, are extracted from the time domain data. Time series autoregressive models with exogenous inputs are also implemented. These features could efficiently detect a fatigue crack and are less sensitive to operational variations than the other methods.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39C권9호
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• pp.852-860
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• 2014

본 논문에서 임펄스성 잡음의 유무를 검증하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 알고리즘을 제안하는 이유는 기존의 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 검증의 단점으로 낮은 분류 성공률 및 높은 복잡도가 있기 때문이다. 이는 이론적으로 문제가 없으나 실제로 구현함에 있어 많은 문제를 야기한다. 먼저 기존의 검증 방법을 설명 후 제안하는 알고리즘을 설명한다. 이 알고리즘은 기존의 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 검증 방법의 이론적 배경으로부터 제안된다. 알고리즘의 효율성을 증명하기 위해 임펄스성 잡음의 샘플을 이용하여 실험 후, 검증 실패 확률을 조사한다. 검증 실패 확률에 기반한 실험 결과는 제안한 알고리즘의 효율성을 증명한다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

This study introduces an automated Praat script allowing optimal formant analysis for children's vowels. Using Burg's algorithm in Praat, formants can be extracted by setting the maximum formant value and the number of formants. The optimal formant setting was determined by identifying the two conditions, F1 and F2, with minimum standard deviations. When applying the optimal formant setting determined by the script, the results of normality tests were not significant among all vowels except /e/ for the maximum formant value, and among the vowels /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ and /ʌ/ for the number of formants. This indicates that when analyzing the formants of children's vowel sounds, the unilateral application of a parameter setting (the maximum formant value and the number of formants) to all vowels is problematic. The performance of the optimal formant setting script was evaluated along with 3 different algorithm in order to determine whether it properly extracts formants for children's vowels. To this end, Korean monophghongs of 6-year-old children were collected and the Praat scripts were applied to the data. Resultant Formant plots and statistical analysis showed that optimum_script and qtone_script, which links to the perceptual unit, performed very well in formant extraction compared to the remaining 2 scripts.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2022

Through emotional exhaustion, this study empirically tests followers' behavioral responses to autocratic leaders. The current research focuses on effects caused by despotic leadership on followers' emotional exhaustion, which leads to employee outcomes such as interpersonal deviances and indirect aggression. The association between despotic leadership and results (employee interpersonal deviance and indirect violence) is investigated in this study. In this study, emotional exhaustion is used as a mediator. Furthermore, negative affectivity is used as a moderator between despotic leadership and emotional exhaustion. A time-lagged framework is employed with a sample of 255 respondents. Age, qualification, marital status, gender, grade, type of organization, department, and job experience are among the eight demographical questions in this study. After evaluating the data for normality, correlation analysis was performed, followed by moderation and mediation analysis. The current study explores the link between despotic leadership and emotional exhaustion among followers, arguing that a despotic leader will leave followers exhausted at work. Emotional exhaustion was also linked to interpersonal deviances, such as indirect aggression, in a significant and positive way. Employee outcomes, such as interpersonal deviances and indirect aggressiveness through emotional exhaustion, will be influenced by a despotic leader, according to the findings.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.66-72
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• 1997

This paper aims at reviewing the possibility application over normal or abnormal, detection used by AE and the wear characteristics of grinding process. In this study, when diamond bur in dentistry with chosen grinding conditions were tuned at grinding. The variation of grinding resistance and AE signal is detected by the use of AE measuring system. The tests are carried out in accordance with diamond burs and workpiece: arcyl and bovine. According to the experiment results, the following can be expected: AE has the possibility to detect the state normality and abnormality. Hpwever, the grinding resistance measuring can find it difficult to detect it. It can be accurately excepted from AE occurrence pattern in contact start point of diamond bur and bovine, grinding condition and derailment point. It is known that AErms is well compatible with grinding resistance. According to the increase of the material removal rate, the specific energy of the diamond bur is inclined to dectease and the grinding resistance has a tendency to increase.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

최근 창의성의 영역 보편성 및 영역 특수성에 대한 논의가 계속되어지고 있는 시점에서 컴퓨터 프로그래밍 학습 활동 또한 창의성과 관련하여 다시 연구되어질 필요가 있다. 기존 교육용 프로그래밍 언어학습의 창의성에 대한 측정을 TTCT 도형 검사를 사용한 것에 반해, 본 연구에서는 프로그래밍 활동이 언어적 사고 양식을 더욱 요구하는 창의적 활동이라는 관점으로 바라보고 있다. 이에 따라, 본 연구에서 컴퓨터 과학의 핵심 개념을 학습 내용으로 하는 창의적 문제 해결(CPS) 모형 기반의 스크래치 프로그래밍 학습을 개발하였다. 이 학습 프로그램을 4, 5학년 학생 17명을 대상으로 5일간 4차시씩 총 20차시 적용하고, 정규성이 검증된 이 실험집단에 TTCT 언어 검사의 평균 표준점수(100)로 t검정을 실시한 결과 언어 창의성의 세가지 하위 요인(유창성, 융통성, 독창성)과 창의성 지수(세 요인의 평균 표준점수)가 유의미하게 증진되었다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2018

Purpose: Smartphones, which are widely used worldwide to detect acceleration and position, have been used in the area of rehabilitation medicine in recent clinical research studies and tests. The aim of the present study was to determine the feasibility of using a smartphone application based on center of movement (COM) displacement to measure gait parameters in stroke patients in the clinical field of rehabilitation medicine. Methods: The study consisted of 30 stroke patients. The COM was measured using a smartphone application, Gait Analysis Pro, during a 6-m walk. Each patient performed three 6-m walking trials, and the smartphone application measured gait duration, gait speed, step length, cadence, and vertical and lateral displacement of the COM. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was conducted to determine the normality in gait parameters, and a repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the consistency among the three trials. A p value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant in all the tests. Results: In all the measured parameters, the smartphone application showed a normal distribution, as shown by the results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. There were no significant differences among the three repetitive walking trials. Conclusion: These results suggest that the smartphone application can be used for evaluating gait in stroke patients, as well as in healthy adults. However, prior to using the smartphone application in the clinical field, further research involving three-dimensional gait analysis is needed to enhance the confidence level of the findings.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.339-349
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• 2013

뇌손상 환자들을 대상으로 한국판 간이정신상태검사(MMSE-K)와 한국형 컴퓨터 신경행동검사(KCNT)를 실시하여 관련성을 평가하고, 확정적 정상군과 치매 의심군을 구분하는데 있어서 KCNT의 유용성을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 뇌손상 환자 50명 중 확정적 정상군과 치매 의심군의 KCNT 결과는 정규성 검정을 만족하여 두 군간 비교는 t 검정을, MMSE-K와 KCNT 결과간에는 이변량 상관분석을 실시하였다. 두 군의 특성은 유의한 차이가 없었으며, KCNT 결과는 두 군간 모든 항목에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 두 검사간 Pearson 상관계수는 단순반응시간(r=-.580), 선택반응시간(r=-.341), 글자색 맞추기(r=-.661), 숫자구분(r=-.703), 두 자리 숫자더하기(r=-.582), 세 자리 숫자더하기(r=-.610), 부호숫자 짝짓기(r=-.642), 숫자외우기(r=.807)로 유의한 상관관계가 있었다(p<.05). 이 중 단순반응시간, 두 자리 숫자더하기는 확정적 정상군과 치매 의심군에서 서로 다른 부호의 상관계수를 나타내 두 군을 구분하는 검사로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 제안된 KCNT 항목들을 검사 목적에 따라 선택하여 사용하면 두 군의 인지기능을 관찰하기 위한 검사로 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.