• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 1989

Treatment of mice with 0.04% anthranilic acid (AnA) as drinking water resulted in an apparent stimulation of pup's growth and food intake of mothers in their first lactations associated with an increased rearing rate and no alteration in plasma prolactin level. AnA showed no significant effects on the day of vaginal opening, the pattern of estrous cycles, plasma growth hormone level and endocrine organ weights of the female and male offspring. The growth of male offspring was significantly retarded by AnA, however, their reproductivity was quite normal. The results indicate the AnA can simulate lactation of mice through little modulation of endocrine systems.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.7.1-7.5
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• 2018

Background: Mice are widely accepted research models of great clinical significance. Maintenance of laboratory mice breed is an essential aspect for performing research activities in various fields of science. Infanticide is one of the prominent causes of litter loss during maintenance of laboratory mice stock. The present study is an effort to monitor the effect of change in ambient temperature of female mice below the normal range on cannibalism and infanticide during early postparturition phase. Adult female Swiss albino mice have been divided into two groups of control and treatment. On the day of litter group one was maintained under controlled temperature conditions (minimum $20^{\circ}C$ to maximum $23^{\circ}C$) throughout, while female mice belong to group two have been exposed to variation of room temperature (maximum $15^{\circ}C$ to minimum $10^{\circ}C$ for two nights and one day) until 36 h postparturition. Results: The effects of temperature changes were observed on the infanticide behaviour of dams along with the survival of pups in early postparturition phase till 36 h after delivery. The significant statistical difference (P < 0.05) was reported in infanticide behaviour of dams when control and treatment group was compared. It is observed that decrement in surrounding temperature promotes decrement in the ambient body temperature of dams during early postparturition. It is proposed that alteration of hypothalamic homeostasis due to temperature change induces cannibalism and infanticide behaviour. Lack of thermoregulation during early postparturition creates the sense of insecurity, in-satiety, anxiety and stress. Conclusions: Authors strongly recommend the maintenance of body and surrounding temperature to prevent infanticidal behaviour and cannibalism within Swiss albino mice population. Further investigations are advisable to authenticate the active behavioural and biochemical pathway behind the phenomena.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.487-493
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• 1998

In the previous study we described the antitumor effect of GLB, a protein-polysaccharide fraction separated from the growing tips of Ganoderma lucidum, against sarcoma 18 0 solid tumor in ICR mice. In this study, we separated an acidic protein-polysaccharide fraction, GLB-A, and a basic protein-polyaccharide fraction, GLB-B, from GLB by differential precipitation, and elucidated their antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. When ip injected at the dose of 50mg/kg/day into the ICR mice, GLB-A and GLB-B inhibited the growth of ip implantated sarcoma 180 cells by 32.4% and 21.0%, respectively. Of these, GLB-A increased the % lymphoblast in the spleen of the tumor-bearing and the normal mice by 20.9% and 123.0%, and the CD4/CD8 ratio by 73.3% and 22.4%, respectively. GLB-A also increased the expression of CD25 (IL-2 receptor alpha ch0ain) in normal mice by 82.0%. These results strongly suggest that GLB-A is a promising candidate for antitumor immunomodulatory medicine.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.269-275
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• 1987

Radiation-induced life shortening, carcinogenesis and other pathological changes were investigated in NIH(GP) mice after $^{60}Co-{\gamma}$ ray irradiation(100~700rads). The results were summarized as follows: 1. There were little difference in body weights, hematological examination and other clinical findings between normal and irradiated groups. 2. Mean survival time of the mice after irradiation were decreased dose-dependently. 3. Main gross findings of the mice irradiated were appeared as enlargement of spleen, thymus and lymph nodes, tumorous nodules of lung and cyst of ovary. Especially, enlargement of thymus was promineort in high dose group. 4. Microscopically, there were various findings including myeloid leukemia, thymic lymphoma, lung adenoma, adenosquamous cell carcinoma of pancreas, pneumonia and other pathological changes. Especially thymic lymphoma was highly frequent in the 700 rads group.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.466-471
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• 2020

Several humanized mouse models are being used to study humanspecific immune responses and diseases. However, the pivotal needs of fetal tissues for the humanized mice model have been huddled because of the demand for ethical and medical approval. Thus, we have verified the hematopoietic and immunomodulatory function of HepaRG and developed a new and easy humanized mouse model to replace the use of fetal liver tissue. HepaRG co-transplanted Hu-NSG mice significantly increased CD45+ lymphocytes and CD19+ B cells and CD3+ T cells than normal Hu-NSG, suggesting enhanced reconstitution of the human immune system. These results have improved the applicability of humanized mice by developing new models easily accessible.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 1988

Tumor localizing properties of $^{67}Ga$ citrate and $^{169}Yb$ citrate were studies with sarcoma 180 bearing mice. To compare precisely the accumulation of $^{67}Ga$ citrate and $^{169}Yb$ citrate in tumor tissue itself, $^{67}Ga$ and l63yb were administered simultaneously as a mixture of same chemical form of citrate. The yield of $^{169}Yb$ labeled citrated and the of radiopharmaceuticals purity was identified more than 90% by chromatography on silica gel plates. $^{67}Ga$ and $^{169}Yb$ were injected into mice and the mice were killed at 3, 24, and 48 hours following intraperitoneal injection of the radiopharmaceuticals. The retention value of $^{67}Ga$ and $^{169}Yb$ in tumor was similar but they differ from each other markedly in normal tissue distribution. $^{169}Yb$ citrate is cleared up from blood more rapidly than $^{67}Ga$ citrate, and a high tumor to blood ratio is achieved shortly after injection.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.4031-4036
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• 2012

Background: The negative signaling provided by interactions of the co-inhibitory molecule, programmed death-1 (PD-1), and its ligands, B7-H1 (PD-L1) and B7-DC (PD-L2), is a critical mechanism contributing to tumor evasion; blockade of this pathway has been proven to enhance cytotoxic activity and mediate antitumor therapy. Here we evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy of AAV-mediated delivery of the extracellular domain of murine PD-1 (sPD-1) to a tumor site. Material and Methods: An rAAV vector was constructed in which the expression of sPD-1, a known negative regulator of TCR signals, is driven by human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter (CMV-P), using a triple plasmid transfection system. Tumor-bearing mice were then treated with the AAV/sPD1 construct and expression of sPD-1 in tumor tissues was determined by semi quantitative RT-PCR, and tumor weights and cytotoxic activity of splenocytes were measured. Results: Analysis of tumor homogenates revealed sPD-1 mRNA to be significantly overexpressed in rAAV/sPD-1 treated mice as compared with control levels. Its use for local gene therapy at the inoculation site of H22 hepatoma cells could inhibit tumor growth, also enhancing lysis of tumor cells by lymphocytes stimulated specifically with an antigen. In addition, PD-1 was also found expressed on the surfaces of activated CD8+ T cells. Conclusion: This study confirmed that expression of the soluble extracellular domain of PD-1 molecule could reduce tumor microenvironment inhibitory effects on T cells and enhance cytotoxicity. This suggests that it might be a potential target for development of therapies to augment T-cell responses in patients with malignancies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 1988

Based on our previous results that among 4 strains of mice SHN and GR/A showed the highest mammary growth potentials in females and males, respectively. Effects of crossbreeding on normal and neoplastic mammary growth were studied in $(SHN\;{\times}\;GR/A)F_1$ virgin female mice. $F_1$ mice were higher than the parental strains in the end-bud formation and the ductal growth of mammary glands at 60 days of age and at tumorous age, respectively. While there was little difference between $F_1$ and both parental strains in the onset age of the first mammary tumors, mammary tumorigenic potential was apparently higher in the former than in the latters. This would be the first report that demonstrated directly the contribution of mammary growth potential of males to that of female offspring.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.114-117
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• 2016

골은 일생에 걸쳐 지속적인 재형성과장을 거치면서 유지되고 이러한 기전에 대한 연구는 골다공증을 비롯한 골대사 질환의 병태생리와 치료에 있어 큰 진전을 이루고 있다. 특히 생체 내 골형성 및 재생과정을 연구하는데 있어 형광표지자를 이용하는 방법이 널리 알려져 있는데, 그 중 calcein은 칼슘 킬레이터로 골이 새롭게 형성하는 부위에 녹색을 띔으로써 유용한 마커로 사용된다. 그러나 대부분의 골형성 연구에서 실험동물의 경우 표본제작을 할 때 크기가 작고 뼈가 부숴지기 쉬워 rat이나 rabbit을 이용하였으며, mice의 femur를 cross-section해서 관찰한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 어린 mice를 실험동물로 이용하였으며, 생체 내 calcein을 4주간, 8주간 투여한 후 골 형성 변화를 형광현미경으로 관찰한 결과 8주차 쥐에서 4주차보다 진하고 골 형성 간격도 넓게 관찰된 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. Mice는 빠른 시일 내에 결과를 얻을 수 있고 부작용이 적은 장점이 있어서 앞으로 knock-out mice를 이용한 생체 내 실험에 활용하기 적합하다고 생각되며, 골형성 속도 평가 등 다양한 분야에서의 골 형성과 재생연구에 있어 기초 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2003

In the intestinal mucosa, mast cells are thought to be responsible for the expulsion of parasites. We investigated the relationship of worm expulsion and mast cells in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice infected with Echinostoma hortense. In addition, we examined whether the worm recovery rate was associated with the strain of mice, and whether a toluidine stain and immunohistochemistry using the c-kit antibody was effective in the detection of mast cells. In order to investigate the mucosal immune response of C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice, each mouse was infected orally with 30 E. hortense metacercariae. Then, the number of mucosal mast cells and worm recovery rates was observed in experimentally infected mouse strains between 1 week and 8 weeks post infection (PI). Mucosal mast cells were increased in 3 weeks P.I. in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice. On the other hand, only mucosal goblet cells and worm recovery rates correlated in C3H/HeN mice (P=0.0482). Worm recoveries in C3H/HeN mice were 65.7$\pm$5.6, 53.3$\pm$5.4 and 6.7$\pm$0.6 in week 1, 2, and 3 P.I. and strongly decreased in week 3 P.I. Worm recoveries in BALB/c mice were 23.0$\pm$2.5, 10.0$\pm$1.0, and 6.7$\pm$0.6% in week 1, 2, and 3 P.I. and gradually decreased from week 1 P.I. to week 3 P.I. Worm recoveries in C3H/HeN mice were significantly higher than in BALB/c mice (P<0.00l). The number of mast cells in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice using the anti-c-kit antibody reached to a peak in week 3 P.I. and recovered as normal level in week 5 P.I. and 6 P.I. The number in E. hortense-infected C3H/HeN mice (P=0.0015) was higher than in E. hortense-infected BALB/c mice (P=0.01) compared with the control group. There were significant differences in the number of mast cells among regions of the intestine in in C3H/HeN mice (P<0.05) but not in BALB/c mice (P>0.05). Immunohistochemistry using the anti-c-kit antibody was significant method as an examination of the number of mast cells (P=0.0002). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that mast cells play an important role in worm recovery, and immunohistochemistry using the anti-c-kit antibody was superior to toluidine stain as an examination of mast cells.